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(axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) phenio.json BFO:0000006 biolink:OntologyClass spatial region phenio.json BFO:0000008 biolink:OntologyClass temporal region phenio.json BFO:0000009 biolink:OntologyClass two-dimensional spatial region phenio.json BFO:0000011 biolink:OntologyClass spatiotemporal region phenio.json BFO:0000015 biolink:OntologyClass process p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) phenio.json BFO:0000016 biolink:OntologyClass disposition phenio.json BFO:0000017 biolink:OntologyClass realizable entity A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. phenio.json BFO:0000018 biolink:OntologyClass zero-dimensional spatial region phenio.json BFO:0000019 biolink:OntologyClass quality phenio.json BFO:0000020 biolink:OntologyClass specifically dependent continuant b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) phenio.json BFO:0000023 biolink:OntologyClass role A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. phenio.json BFO:0000024 biolink:OntologyClass fiat object part phenio.json BFO:0000026 biolink:OntologyClass one-dimensional spatial region phenio.json BFO:0000027 biolink:OntologyClass object aggregate phenio.json BFO:0000028 biolink:OntologyClass three-dimensional spatial region phenio.json BFO:0000029 biolink:OntologyClass site phenio.json BFO:0000030 biolink:OntologyClass object phenio.json BFO:0000031 biolink:OntologyClass generically dependent continuant b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) phenio.json BFO:0000034 biolink:OntologyClass function phenio.json BFO:0000035 biolink:OntologyClass process boundary p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001]) phenio.json BFO:0000038 biolink:OntologyClass one-dimensional temporal region phenio.json BFO:0000040 biolink:OntologyClass material entity An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. phenio.json BFO:0000050 biolink:OntologyClass part_of a core relation that holds between a part and its whole phenio.json BFO:0000051 biolink:OntologyClass has_part a core relation that holds between a whole and its part phenio.json BFO:0000054 biolink:OntologyClass realized in phenio.json BFO:0000055 biolink:OntologyClass realizes phenio.json BFO:0000056 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BFO:0000062 biolink:OntologyClass preceded_by x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. phenio.json BFO:0000063 biolink:OntologyClass precedes x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. phenio.json BFO:0000066 biolink:OntologyClass occurs in b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t phenio.json BFO:0000117 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BFO:0000140 biolink:OntologyClass continuant fiat boundary b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001]) phenio.json BFO:0000141 biolink:OntologyClass immaterial entity phenio.json BFO:0000142 biolink:OntologyClass one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary phenio.json BFO:0000144 biolink:OntologyClass process profile b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002]) phenio.json BFO:0000145 biolink:OntologyClass relational quality b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001]) phenio.json BFO:0000146 biolink:OntologyClass two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary phenio.json BFO:0000147 biolink:OntologyClass zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary phenio.json BFO:0000148 biolink:OntologyClass zero-dimensional temporal region phenio.json BFO:0000167 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BFO:0000182 biolink:OntologyClass history phenio.json BSPO:0000000 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000005 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000006 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000007 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000009 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000010 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000013 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000014 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000016 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000017 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000018 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000019 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000026 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biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000087 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000088 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000089 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000092 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000093 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000096 biolink:OntologyClass anterior_to phenio.json BSPO:0000097 biolink:OntologyClass distal_to phenio.json BSPO:0000098 biolink:OntologyClass dorsal_to phenio.json BSPO:0000099 biolink:OntologyClass posterior_to phenio.json BSPO:0000100 biolink:OntologyClass proximal_to phenio.json BSPO:0000102 biolink:OntologyClass ventral_to phenio.json BSPO:0000104 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000107 biolink:OntologyClass deep_to phenio.json BSPO:0000108 biolink:OntologyClass superficial_to phenio.json BSPO:0000110 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000112 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000113 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000120 biolink:OntologyClass in left side of phenio.json BSPO:0000121 biolink:OntologyClass in right side of phenio.json BSPO:0000122 biolink:OntologyClass in_posterior_side_of phenio.json BSPO:0000123 biolink:OntologyClass in_anterior_side_of phenio.json BSPO:0000124 biolink:OntologyClass in_proximal_side_of phenio.json BSPO:0000125 biolink:OntologyClass in_distal_side_of phenio.json BSPO:0000126 biolink:OntologyClass in_lateral_side_of phenio.json BSPO:0000127 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000128 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000195 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000199 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000372 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000373 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000374 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000378 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000379 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000384 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000671 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000672 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000679 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000682 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000684 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000688 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0000689 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0001001 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0001100 biolink:OntologyClass in superficial part of phenio.json BSPO:0001101 biolink:OntologyClass in deep part of phenio.json BSPO:0001106 biolink:OntologyClass proximalmost_part_of phenio.json BSPO:0001107 biolink:OntologyClass immediately_deep_to phenio.json BSPO:0001108 biolink:OntologyClass distalmost_part_of phenio.json BSPO:0001113 biolink:OntologyClass preaxialmost part of phenio.json BSPO:0001115 biolink:OntologyClass postaxialmost part of phenio.json BSPO:0005001 biolink:OntologyClass intersects midsagittal plane of X intersects median plane of iff X crosses the midine plane of Y. phenio.json BSPO:0015001 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0015002 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0015003 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0015005 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0015006 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0015007 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0015008 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0015009 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0015012 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:0015014 biolink:OntologyClass immediately superficial to phenio.json BSPO:0015101 biolink:OntologyClass in dorsal side of phenio.json BSPO:0015102 biolink:OntologyClass in ventral side of phenio.json BSPO:0015202 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BSPO:parallel_to biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BTO:develops_from biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json BTO:related_to biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CARO:0000000 biolink:OntologyClass anatomical entity A part of a cellular organism that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex. Or, a substance produced by a cellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. phenio.json CARO:0000003 biolink:OntologyClass connected anatomical structure Material anatomical entity that is a single connected structure with inherent 3D shape generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. phenio.json CARO:0000006 biolink:OntologyClass material anatomical entity An anatomical entity that has mass. phenio.json CARO:0000007 biolink:OntologyClass immaterial anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has no mass. phenio.json CARO:0000010 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CARO:0001001 biolink:OntologyClass neuron projection bundle A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses. phenio.json CARO:0001010 biolink:OntologyClass organism or virus or viroid Material anatomical entity that is a member of an individual species or is a viral or viroid particle. phenio.json CARO:0010000 biolink:OntologyClass multicellular anatomical structure An anatomical structure that has more than one cell as a part. phenio.json CARO:0010004 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHEBI:100147 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nalidixic acid A monocarboxylic acid comprising 1,8-naphthyridin-4-one substituted by carboxylic acid, ethyl and methyl groups at positions 3, 1, and 7, respectively. An orally administered antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of lower urinary-tract infections due to Gram-negative bacteria, including the majority of E. coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, and Proteus species. phenio.json CHEBI:10023 biolink:ChemicalSubstance voriconazole A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4. phenio.json CHEBI:100241 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ciprofloxacin A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:100246 biolink:ChemicalSubstance norfloxacin A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase. phenio.json CHEBI:10119 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ziprasidone A piperazine compound having 1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl- and 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2-oxindol-5-yl)ethyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:102484 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfisoxazole A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. phenio.json CHEBI:10545 biolink:ChemicalSubstance electron Elementary particle not affected by the strong force having a spin 1/2, a negative elementary charge and a rest mass of 0.000548579903(13) u, or 0.51099906(15) MeV. phenio.json CHEBI:10642 biolink:ChemicalSubstance scyllo-inositol phenio.json CHEBI:11955 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-amino-3-hydroxybutanoate The conjugate base of gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:12109 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-aminolevulinate phenio.json CHEBI:12164 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-phosphoribosyl diphosphate A ribose diphosphate carrying an additional phosphate group at position 5. phenio.json CHEBI:12777 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin A Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication. phenio.json CHEBI:12936 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-galactose phenio.json CHEBI:130181 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calmodulin antagonist An antagonist that interferes with the action of the calcium-binding messenger protein calmodulin. phenio.json CHEBI:131530 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoxal(1+) A pyridinium ion obtained by protonation of the ring nitrogen of pyridoxal. phenio.json CHEBI:131533 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoxamine(2+) A pyridinium ion obtained by protonation of both nitrogens of pyridoxamine. phenio.json CHEBI:131565 biolink:ChemicalSubstance steroid aldehyde Any steroid substituted by a formyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:131604 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite Any bacterial metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Mycoplasma genitalium. phenio.json CHEBI:131605 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic acid monoester(1-) A carboxylic acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of a dicarboxylic acid monoester. phenio.json CHEBI:131609 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pneumocandin B0 An echinocandin initially isolated as a very minor bioactive fermentation product of Glarea lozoyensis (originally known as Zalerion arboricola). Subsequent random mutagenesis work and optimisation of the fermentation medium permitted the industrial production of pneumocandin B0, which is used as the starting point for the synthesis of the antifungal drug caspofungin. phenio.json CHEBI:131619 biolink:ChemicalSubstance C27-steroid A steroid compound with a structure based on a 27-carbon (cholestane) skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:131621 biolink:ChemicalSubstance C19-steroid A steroid compound with a structure based on a 19-carbon (androstane) skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:131699 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor A DNA polymerase inhibitor that interferes with the action of a DNA-directed DNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7). phenio.json CHEBI:131858 biolink:ChemicalSubstance HETE anion An icosanoid anion arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid function of any hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:131859 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo-ETE anion An icosanoid anion arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid function of any oxoicosatetraenoic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:131860 biolink:ChemicalSubstance octadecanoid anion An unsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of any octadecanoid. phenio.json CHEBI:131861 biolink:ChemicalSubstance HODE(1-) An unsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of any hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:131862 biolink:ChemicalSubstance HPODE(1-) An octadecanoid anion anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of any hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:131871 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid anion Any polyunsaturated fatty acid anion carrying one or more hydroxy substituents. phenio.json CHEBI:131927 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives A class of carbonyl compound encompassing dicarboxylic acids and any derivatives obtained by substitution of either one or both of the carboxy hydrogens. phenio.json CHEBI:13193 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen acceptor A molecular entity that can undergo reduction by the gain of hydrogen atom(s). phenio.json CHEBI:132058 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-pentacosanoylsphingosine-1-phosphocholine A sphingomyelin d18:1 obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of pentacosanoic acid with the amino group of sphingosine. phenio.json CHEBI:132059 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingomyelin 43:1 A sphingomyelin in which the total number of carbons in the sphingoid base and fatty acyl groups is 43 with 1 double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:132124 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,4-benzoquinones Any member of the class of benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone or its C-substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:132130 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxyquinone Any quinone in which one or more of the carbons making up the quinone moiety is substituted by a hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:132142 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,4-naphthoquinones A naphthoquinone in which the oxo groups of the quinone moiety are at positions 1 and 4 of the parent naphthalene ring. phenio.json CHEBI:132153 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hyaluronate A carbohydrate acid derivative anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy groups of hyaluronic acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:132155 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxynaphthoquinone Any naphthoquinone in which the naphthaoquinone moiety is substituted by at least one hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:132157 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone Any member of the class of 1,4-naphthoquinones in which the naphthoquinone moiety is substituted by at least one hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:132233 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-phenylpropan-2-amine A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:132362 biolink:ChemicalSubstance citrate(4-) A citrate anion obtained by deprotonation of the three carboxy groups as well as the hydroxy group of citric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:13248 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anilide Any aromatic amide obtained by acylation of aniline. phenio.json CHEBI:132499 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid 16:3 Any trienoic fatty acid containing 16 carbons. phenio.json CHEBI:132539 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid 20:4 Any polyunsaturated fatty acid containing 20 carbons and 4 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:132544 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid 22:6 Any polyunsaturated fatty acid containing 22 carbons and 6 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:132717 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bleaching agent A reagent that lightens or whitens a substrate through chemical reaction. Bleaching reactions usually involve oxidative or reductive processes that degrade colour systems. Bleaching can occur by destroying one or more of the double bonds in the conjugated chain, by cleaving the conjugated chain, or by oxidation of one of the other moieties in the conjugated chain. Their reactivity results in many bleaches having strong bactericidal, disinfecting, and sterilising properties. phenio.json CHEBI:132933 biolink:ChemicalSubstance intermediate-density lipoprotein A class of lipoproteins with a density between that of low-density and very-low-density lipoproteins. They are formed by the degradatiion of very-low-density lipoproteins. phenio.json CHEBI:132938 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethylmalonate A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of ethylmalonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:132939 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethylmalonate(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion resulting from the removal of a proton from both of the carboxylic acid groups of ethylmalonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:132943 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aspartate phenio.json CHEBI:132948 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoxate A pyridinemonocarboxylate obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any pyridoxic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:132952 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxalate A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:132954 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sebacate A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of sebacic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:132961 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylsuccinate A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of 3-methylsuccinic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:132966 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hippurate An N-acylglycinate obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of hippuric acid (N-benzoylglycine) and its derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:132970 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-ammoniolevulinic acid A primary ammonium ion obtained by protonation of the amino group of 5-aminolevulinic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:132988 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bradykinin(2+) A peptide cation obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group and protonation of the amino and guanidino groups of bradykinin; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:132992 biolink:ChemicalSubstance radiosensitizing agent A drug that makes increases the sensitivity of tumour cells to radiation therapy. phenio.json CHEBI:133011 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxytetracycline zwitterion A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the 2-hydroxy group to the adjacent tertiary amino group of oxytetracycline; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:133135 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chromenochromene Any organic heteroolycyclic compound whose skeleton two ortho-fused chromene rings, and their derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:133251 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-hydroxydicarboxylate(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion that results from the removal of a proton from both of the carboxylic acid groups of any 3-hydroxydicarboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:133291 biolink:ChemicalSubstance saturated dicarboxylic acid dianion(2-) A carboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of any dicarboxylic acid that contains no carbon-carbon double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:133294 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo dicarboxylic acid dianion A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of any oxo dicarboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:133538 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-lysine zwitterion An L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of L-lysine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:133580 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-hexanoylglycinate A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of N-hexanoylglycine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:133598 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chlortetracycline(1-) An organic anion that is the major structure of chlortetracycline at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.). phenio.json CHEBI:133602 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon black nanoparticle Any form of carbon black which has a particle size of less than 100 nm in each dimension. phenio.json CHEBI:133608 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-methylhistidine zwitterion An alpha-amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 1-methylhistidine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:133609 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-methylhistidine zwitterion An alpha-amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 3-methylhistidine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:133610 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-isobutyrylglycinate A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of N-isobutyrylglycine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:133677 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexadecanoylcholine An acylcholine obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of hexadecanoic acid with the hydroxy group of choline. phenio.json CHEBI:133744 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homovanillate A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:133748 biolink:ChemicalSubstance citrate anion A tricarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of citric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:133820 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 9-HODE(1-) A HODE(1-) that is the conjugate base of 9-HODE, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:133833 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benznidazole A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2-nitroimidazol-1-yl)acetic acid with the aromatic amino group of benzylamine. Used for treatment of Chagas disease. phenio.json CHEBI:13389 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NAD Abbreviation for nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide when its oxidation state is unknown or unspecified. It is used in metabolic pathways like glycolysis and citric acid cycle. phenio.json CHEBI:13390 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NAD(P)(+) A coenzyme that may be NAD(+) or NADP(+). phenio.json CHEBI:13392 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NAD(P)H A coenzyme that may be NADH or NADPH. phenio.json CHEBI:134019 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid anion Any polyunsaturated fatty acid anion carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents. phenio.json CHEBI:134161 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylethanolamine 20:4 A N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine in which the acyl group contains 20 carbons and 4 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:134179 biolink:ChemicalSubstance volatile organic compound Any organic compound having an initial boiling point less than or equal to 250 degreeC (482 degreeF) measured at a standard atmospheric pressure of 101.3 kPa. phenio.json CHEBI:134207 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylcytosine phenio.json CHEBI:134249 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkanesulfonate oxoanion An alkanesulfonate in which the carbon at position 1 is attached to R, which can represent hydrogens, a carbon chain, or other groups. phenio.json CHEBI:134251 biolink:ChemicalSubstance guaiacols Any phenol carrying an additional methoxy substituent at the ortho-position. phenio.json CHEBI:134361 biolink:ChemicalSubstance allylic alcohol An alcohol where the hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom adjacent to a double bond (R groups may be H, organyl, etc.). phenio.json CHEBI:134363 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tertiary amine oxide An N-oxide where there are three organic groups bonded to the nitrogen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:134394 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary allylic alcohol An allylic alcohol in which the carbon atom that links the double bond to the hydroxy group is also attached to two hydrogens. phenio.json CHEBI:134548 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-pentacosanoylsphingosine A N-acylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as pentacosanoyl. phenio.json CHEBI:135928 biolink:ChemicalSubstance doripenem phenio.json CHEBI:13601 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid A 3-oxo steroid that has alpha configuration at position 5. phenio.json CHEBI:13643 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycol A diol in which the two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms, usually but not necessarily adjacent. phenio.json CHEBI:136505 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homocysteine derivative A non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of homocysteine at the amino group, the carboxy group, or the side-chain amino group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of homocysteine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing homocysteine residues. phenio.json CHEBI:136622 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aci-nitro compound Organonitrogen compounds that have the general structure R(1)(R(2))C=N(O)OH (R(1),R(2) = H, organyl). They are tautomers of C-nitro compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:136651 biolink:ChemicalSubstance S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor Any inhibitor of S100 calcium-binding protein B. phenio.json CHEBI:136702 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ximelagatran (hydroxylamine form) A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted into the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted to the corresponding hydroxylamine. Tautomeric with the oxime form of ximelagatran. phenio.json CHEBI:136849 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-oxo-Delta(4)-steroid group An organic group derived from any 3-oxo-Delta(4)-steroid. phenio.json CHEBI:136859 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pro-agent A compound that, on administration, undergoes conversion by biochemical (enzymatic), chemical (possibly following an enzymatic step), or physical (e.g. photochemical) activation processes before becoming the active agent for which it is a pro-agent. phenio.json CHEBI:136889 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5beta steroid Any steroid that has beta-configuration at position 5. phenio.json CHEBI:13719 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetylsalicylate A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:137419 biolink:ChemicalSubstance secondary ammonium ion An organic cation obtained by protonation of any secondary amino compound; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:137569 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Cer(d34:1) phenio.json CHEBI:137570 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Cer(d38:1) phenio.json CHEBI:137571 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Cer(d40:1) phenio.json CHEBI:137573 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Cer(d43:1) phenio.json CHEBI:137598 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-aminosalicylate(1-) An aminobenzoate that is the conjugate base of 4-aminosalicylic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. Major miscrospecies at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:137682 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylhistidine phenio.json CHEBI:137684 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Papio hamadryas metabolite Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Papio hamadryas. phenio.json CHEBI:137980 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metalloid atom An atom of an element that exhibits properties that are between those of metals and nonmetals, or that has a mixture of them. The term generally includes boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium, while carbon, aluminium, selenium, polonium, and astatine are less commonly included. phenio.json CHEBI:137982 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tertiary ammonium ion An organic cation obtained by protonation of the amino group of any tertiary amino compound. phenio.json CHEBI:137983 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylated tertiary amine A quaternary ammonium ion obtained by methylation of any tertiary amine phenio.json CHEBI:138000 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidine bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:138015 biolink:ChemicalSubstance endocrine disruptor Any compound that can disrupt the functions of the endocrine (hormone) system phenio.json CHEBI:138103 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic acid A Bronsted acid derived from one or more inorganic compounds. Inorganic acids (also known as mineral acids) form hydrons and conjugate base ions when dissolved in water. phenio.json CHEBI:138131 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Delta(5),Delta(7)-sterol Any sterol containing two double bonds between positions 5-6 and 7-8. phenio.json CHEBI:138141 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid Any C21-steroid carrying a hydroxy substituent at the 17alpha-position. Note that individual examples may have ring substituents at other positions and/or contain double bonds, aromatic A-rings, expanded/contracted rings etc., so the formula and mass may vary from that given for the generic structure. phenio.json CHEBI:138366 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bile acids Any member of a group of hydroxy steroids occuring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine. In mammals bile acids almost invariably have 5beta-configuration, while in lower vertebrates, some bile acids, known as allo-bile acids, have 5alpha-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:13850 biolink:ChemicalSubstance apoprotein An apoprotein is a protein devoid of its characteristic prosthetic group or metal. phenio.json CHEBI:138675 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gas molecular entity Any main group molecular entity that is gaseous at standard temperature and pressure (STP; 0degreeC and 100 kPa). phenio.json CHEBI:138856 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxolinic acid A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid having the carboxy group at position 7 as well as oxo and ethyl groups at positions 4 and 1 respectively and a dioxolo ring fused at the 5- and 6-positions. A synthetic antibiotic, it is used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections in cattle, pigs and poultry. phenio.json CHEBI:138880 biolink:ChemicalSubstance autophagy inducer Any compound that induces the process of autophagy (the self-digestion of one or more components of a cell through the action of enzymes originating within the same cell). phenio.json CHEBI:139048 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dihydroceramide An N-acylsphingoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of any fatty acid with the amino group of any dihydrosphingoid base. phenio.json CHEBI:139120 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carotenoid beta-end derivative Any carotenoid derivative with an beta-end group phenio.json CHEBI:13941 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbamate phenio.json CHEBI:139485 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Mycolipanolic acid (C24) phenio.json CHEBI:139492 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sensitiser A chemical compound that causes a substantial proportion of exposed people or animals to develop an allergic reaction in normal tissue after repeated exposure to the compound. phenio.json CHEBI:139512 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor An EC 1.3.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group, NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH), EC 1.3.1.9. phenio.json CHEBI:139588 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-hydroxy ketone An alpha-oxyketone that has a hydroxy group as the alpha-oxy moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:139589 biolink:ChemicalSubstance retinoid anion A carboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of any retinoid carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:139590 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary alpha-hydroxy ketone An alpha-hydroxy ketone in which the carbonyl group and the hydroxy group are linked by a -CH2 (methylene) group. phenio.json CHEBI:139592 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone An alpha-hydroxy ketone in which the carbonyl group and the hydroxy group are linked by a carbon bearing two organyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:140159 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-hexose phosphate(2-) An organophosphate oxoanion that is the dianion of any mono-phosphorylated D-hexose having a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule. (Formula C6H11O9P). phenio.json CHEBI:140190 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium-dependent antibiotics Any antimicrobial agent whose activity is dependent on the presence of calcium ions. phenio.json CHEBI:140310 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenyl acetates An acetate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of acetic acid with the hydroxy group of any phenol. phenio.json CHEBI:140324 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary carboxamide A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with ammonia; formula RC(=O)NH2. phenio.json CHEBI:140325 biolink:ChemicalSubstance secondary carboxamide A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with a primary amine; formula RC(=O)NHR(1). phenio.json CHEBI:140326 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tertiary carboxamide A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with a secondary amine; formula RC(=O)NHR(1)R(2). phenio.json CHEBI:140345 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid Any polyunsaturated fatty acid carrying one or more hydroxy substituents. phenio.json CHEBI:140358 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monosaccharide 1-phosphate(2-) An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of any monosaccharide 1-phosphate.This compound class represents generic and unspecified sugar 1-phosphates. phenio.json CHEBI:140601 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid 4:0 Any saturated fatty acid containing 4 carbons. phenio.json CHEBI:140785 biolink:ChemicalSubstance R-cob(III)alamin phenio.json CHEBI:140921 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor Any pathway inhibitor that inhibits the Hedgehog signalling pathway. phenio.json CHEBI:140922 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor An inhibitor of any of the glioma-associated oncogene (GLI) proteins. phenio.json CHEBI:140941 biolink:ChemicalSubstance omega-9 fatty acid phenio.json CHEBI:140943 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid 16:0 phenio.json CHEBI:140948 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid 18:1 phenio.json CHEBI:140949 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid 18:2 phenio.json CHEBI:14105 biolink:ChemicalSubstance deamido-NAD zwitterion phenio.json CHEBI:141153 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quinone outside inhibitor A mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor that acts at the Quinone 'outer' (Qo) binding site of the cytochrome-bc1 complex. phenio.json CHEBI:141498 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hemiaminal ether An organic amino compound that is a hemiaminal in which the hydrogen atom of the hydroxy group has been replaced by an organyl group. General formula: R2C(OR')NR2 ( R =/= H ). Also known as alpha-amino ethers. phenio.json CHEBI:141668 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-tyrosinal(1+) A primary ammonium ion resulting from the protonation of the amino group of L-tyrosinal. phenio.json CHEBI:142094 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has S-configuration; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:142163 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 24G7 epitope An antigenic epitope recognized by an anti-bilirubin monoclonal antibody designated 24G7. A substructure of bilirubin IXalpha, it is the region containing the oxo group at C-1, the methyl group at C-2, C-(4, 5, 6, 9), and N-21 and -22. phenio.json CHEBI:142348 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexahydronaphthalenes Any carbobycyclic compound that is an hexahydronaphthalene or a compound obtained from an hexahydronaphthalene by formal substitution of one or more hydrogens. phenio.json CHEBI:142355 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purines D-ribonucleoside A purine ribonucleoside that is a purine derivative attached to a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue at position 9 via a glycosidic (N-glycosyl) linkage. phenio.json CHEBI:142513 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxime anion A organic ion resulting from the deprotonation of the hydroxy group of any oxime. phenio.json CHEBI:142533 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ->4)-alpha-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Glcp-yl group An organic group forming part of, and a proposed epitope within, globoside GM1. phenio.json CHEBI:142544 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tamsulosin(1+) A secondary ammonium ion resulting from the protonation of the secondary amino group of tamsulosin. The major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:142546 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-(2-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide A secondary amino compound that is ammonia in which nitrogen is substituted by a 1-(4-methoxy-3-sulfamoylphenyl)propan-2-yl group and a 2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:142548 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ent-tamsulosin A 5-(2-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide that has (S)-configuration. The enantiomer of tamsulosin. phenio.json CHEBI:142549 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ent-tamsulosin(1+) A secondary ammonium ion resulting from the secondary amino group of ent-tamsulosin. The major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:142567 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Glcp-yl group A trisaccharide beta-D-glucosyl group obtained by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose. Part of, and the proposed epitope from, alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide (globoside Gb3Cer; globotriosylceramide; CTH). phenio.json CHEBI:142590 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-aminoisobutanoic acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of 3-aminoisobutyric acid arising from migration of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:142708 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tigecycline(1+) An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of tigecycline; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:142767 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-yl group A beta-D-glucosyl group derived from the trisaccharide N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose. Implied reactive epitope within ganglioside GM3. phenio.json CHEBI:142839 biolink:ChemicalSubstance enolate An organic anion arising from deprotonation of the hydroxy group of an enol. phenio.json CHEBI:14314 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glucose 6-phosphate A D-glucose monophosphate in which the phosphate group is attached to position 6. phenio.json CHEBI:14321 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutamate(1-) An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of glutamic acid, having anionic carboxy groups and a cationic amino group phenio.json CHEBI:143532 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostaglandin F2alpha-CoA(4-) phenio.json CHEBI:143813 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-radyl,2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-2-acyl-inositol)(1-) A phosphatidylinositol where R1 can be an alkyl or an acyl chain and 2R2 is an acyl chain. phenio.json CHEBI:144637 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-hydroxy-D-proline The D-stereoisomer of 4-hydroxyproline. phenio.json CHEBI:144644 biolink:ChemicalSubstance a tetracycline zwitterion phenio.json CHEBI:144703 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-palmitoyl-sphingoid base A ceramide where the N-acyl is a palmitoyl chain but the sphingoid base is not defined phenio.json CHEBI:144711 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-stearoyl-sphingoid base phenio.json CHEBI:144712 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-(very-long-chain fatty acyl)-sphingoid base A ceramide where the acyl chain chain length is greater than C22 and the sphingoid base is undefined phenio.json CHEBI:144897 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-piperideinium An iminium ion obtained by protonation of the imino group of 1-piperideine; major microspecies at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:145555 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macropolylide Macrolides (macrocyclic lactones) in which the macrocyclic ring contains more than one ester linkage. Macropolylides include macrodiolides, macrotriolides, macrotetrolides and macropentolides, each containing di-, tri-, tetra-, and penta- ester linkages, respectively, in one macrocyclic ring. Macrocyclic lactones containing nitrogen in their skeletons (azamacrolides and macrolide lactams) and also containing oxazole or thiazole in their skeletons are known in nature. phenio.json CHEBI:145556 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macrodiolide A macropolylide which contains two ester linkages in one macrocyclic ring. phenio.json CHEBI:145565 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macrolide lactam A macrolide in which the macrocyclic lactone ring includes an amide group. phenio.json CHEBI:145790 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mupirocin(1-) A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of mupirocin obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group; major microspecies at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:145795 biolink:ChemicalSubstance digoxin(1-) An organic anion that is the conjugate base of digoxin resulting from the deprotonation of furanone moiety; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:145798 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ouabain(1-) An organic anion that is the conjugate base of ouabain resulting from the deprotonation of the furanone moiety; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:145810 biolink:ChemicalSubstance insulin A peptide hormone which consists of two polypeptide chains, A- and B- chains which are linked together by disulfide bonds. The amino acid sequence of insulin varies across species and certain segments of the molecule are highly conserved. In most species, the A chain consists of 21 amino acids and the B chain consists of 30 amino acids. In mammals, insulin is synthesised in the pancreas within the beta cells whereas in certain species of fish, the insulin-producing tissue is uniquely located in separate structures called Brockmann bodies. phenio.json CHEBI:145932 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-2-methylbutanoate A branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of (S)-2-methylbutanoic acid. The major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:146260 biolink:ChemicalSubstance spectinomycin(1+) A secondary ammonium ion derived from spectinomycin by protonation of the secondary amino group located between the two alcoholic hydroxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:146270 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oneirogen Any substance that produces or enhances dream-like states of consciousness. phenio.json CHEBI:146291 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 11-HPETE(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:146293 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 9-HPODE(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:146295 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyranobenzodioxin Any organic heterotricyclic compound whose core skeleton consists of a benzodioxin ring that is ortho-fused to a pyran ring. phenio.json CHEBI:146306 biolink:ChemicalSubstance partially-defined glycan A member of the class of carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives that is any oligosaccharide or polysaccharide in which the identity of one or more of the individual monosaccharide units, their connectivity (position of attachment) or the stereochemistry (alpha- or beta-) of one or more of the glycosidic linkages is not known. phenio.json CHEBI:146500 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-Galp-(1->3)-D-GalpNAc An amino disaccharide that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding D-galactopyranoside. The stereochemistry at the anomeric position in each of the galactopyranose rings is not stated. phenio.json CHEBI:147334 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol anion derivative A phosphatidylinositol anion where the inositol is either not phosphorylated or phosphorylated at position 4 and/or position 5; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:147335 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol-3-phosphate anion derivative A phosphatidylinositol anion where the inositol is phosphorylated at position 3 and either phosphorylated or not at position 4 and/or position 5; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:149484 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chloroquine(2+) A quinolinium ion obtained by protonation of the quinoline nitrogen and tertiary amino group of the antimalarial drug chloroquine. It is the major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:149500 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl derivative An entity derived from (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid where the R is not defined. phenio.json CHEBI:149509 biolink:ChemicalSubstance candesartan(2-) A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the tetrazole NH group and carboxy group of candesartan. It is the major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:149548 biolink:ChemicalSubstance emetine(2+) An ammonium ion derivative obtained from protonation of the nitrogens of emetine. It is the major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:149552 biolink:ChemicalSubstance emetic Any agent that induces nausea and vomiting. phenio.json CHEBI:149553 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anticoronaviral agent Any antiviral agent which inhibits the activity of coronaviruses. phenio.json CHEBI:149689 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-dopa zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion obtained from the transfer of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group of D-dopa. Major microspecies at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:149836 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tigecycline Tetracycline in which the hydroxy group at position 5 and the methyl group at position 6 are replaced by hydrogen, and with a dimethylamino substituent and an (N-tert-butylglycyl)amino substituent at positions 7 and 9, respectively. A glycylcycline antibiotic, it has activity against a broad range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including tetracycline-resistant organisms. It is used for the intravenous treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible organisms. phenio.json CHEBI:15022 biolink:ChemicalSubstance electron donor A molecular entity that can transfer an electron to another molecular entity. phenio.json CHEBI:15035 biolink:ChemicalSubstance retinal An enal that consists of 3,7-dimethyl-9-nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenal (double bond geometry unspecified) carrying a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group at the 9-position. phenio.json CHEBI:15036 biolink:ChemicalSubstance retinoate phenio.json CHEBI:15138 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfide(2-) A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from hydrogen sulfide. phenio.json CHEBI:15318 biolink:ChemicalSubstance xanthine A purine nucleobase found in humans and other organisms. phenio.json CHEBI:15339 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acceptor A molecular entity that can accept an electron, a pair of electrons, an atom or a group from another molecular entity. phenio.json CHEBI:15346 biolink:ChemicalSubstance coenzyme A A thiol comprising a panthothenate unit in phosphoric anhydride linkage with a 3',5'-adenosine diphosphate unit; and an aminoethanethiol unit. phenio.json CHEBI:15351 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetyl-CoA An acyl-CoA having acetyl as its S-acetyl component. phenio.json CHEBI:15354 biolink:ChemicalSubstance choline A choline that is the parent compound of the cholines class, consisting of ethanolamine having three methyl substituents attached to the amino function. phenio.json CHEBI:15355 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetylcholine Actylcholine is an ester of acetic acid and choline, which acts as a neurotransmitter. phenio.json CHEBI:15356 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cysteine A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. phenio.json CHEBI:15358 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histone phenio.json CHEBI:15361 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyruvate A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:15365 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetylsalicylic acid A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity. phenio.json CHEBI:15366 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetic acid A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons. phenio.json CHEBI:15369 biolink:ChemicalSubstance actinomycin A large group of antibiotics isolated from various species of Streptomyces and characterised by having a substituted phenoxazine ring linked to two cyclic heterodetic peptides. phenio.json CHEBI:15372 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin phenio.json CHEBI:15373 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biopterin A pterin derivative that consists of pterin bearing amino, oxo and 1,2-dihydroxypropyl substituents at positions 2, 4 and 6 respectively. The parent of the class of biopterins; the L-erythro isomer occurs widely in nature. phenio.json CHEBI:15377 biolink:ChemicalSubstance water An oxygen hydride consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms phenio.json CHEBI:15379 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dioxygen phenio.json CHEBI:15414 biolink:ChemicalSubstance S-adenosyl-L-methionine A sulfonium compound that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-methionine. It is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of methionine. phenio.json CHEBI:15422 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ATP An adenosine 5'-phosphate in which the 5'-phosphate is a triphosphate group. It is involved in the transportation of chemical energy during metabolic pathways. phenio.json CHEBI:15428 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycine The simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid, with a hydrogen atom as its side chain. phenio.json CHEBI:15430 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protoporphyrin A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin bearing four methyl substituents at positions 3, 8, 13 and 17, two vinyl substituents at positions 7 and 12 and two 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2 and 18. The parent of the class of protoporphyrins. phenio.json CHEBI:15440 biolink:ChemicalSubstance squalene A triterpene consisting of 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane having six double bonds at the 2-, 6-, 10-, 14-, 18- and 22-positions with (all-E)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:15551 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostaglandin E2 Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. phenio.json CHEBI:15553 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostaglandin F2alpha A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor. phenio.json CHEBI:155837 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tripeptide zwitterion A peptide zwitterion obtained from the tranfer of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group of any tripeptide. It contains an equal number of positively-charged and negatively-charged functional groups. Major structure at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:15595 biolink:ChemicalSubstance malate(2-) A C4-dicarboxylate resulting from deprotonation of both carboxy groups of malic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:15611 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sarcosine A N-alkylglycine that is the N-methyl derivative of glycine. It is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of glycine. phenio.json CHEBI:156255 biolink:ChemicalSubstance S-adenosyl-D-methionine phenio.json CHEBI:15637 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acid A form of tetrahydrofolate that acts as a donor of formyl groups in anabolism. In these reactions 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acid is used as a substrate in formyltransferase reactions, which is important in purine biosynthesis. phenio.json CHEBI:156473 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclobutanes Cyclobutane and its derivatives formed by substitution. phenio.json CHEBI:15676 biolink:ChemicalSubstance allantoin An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is 5-aminohydantoin in which a carbamoyl group is attached to the exocyclic nitrogen. phenio.json CHEBI:15681 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide A sialodiosylceramide consisting of the trisaccharide alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide. phenio.json CHEBI:15693 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldose Aldehydic parent sugars (polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H, n >= 2) and their intramolecular hemiacetals. phenio.json CHEBI:15705 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-alpha-amino acid Any alpha-amino acid having L-configuration at the alpha-carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:15724 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trimethylamine N-oxide A tertiary amine oxide resulting from the oxidation of the amino group of trimethylamine. phenio.json CHEBI:15727 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carnosine A dipeptide that is the N-(beta-alanyl) derivative of L-histidine. phenio.json CHEBI:15734 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary alcohol A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it. phenio.json CHEBI:15740 biolink:ChemicalSubstance formate A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of formic acid. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects. phenio.json CHEBI:15741 biolink:ChemicalSubstance succinic acid An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. phenio.json CHEBI:15756 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexadecanoic acid A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:157597 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-tetracosenoyl-sphingoid base A ceramide having a tetracosenoyl fatty chain where the double bond position is not defined, and also the sphingoid base is undefined. phenio.json CHEBI:15765 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-dopa An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease phenio.json CHEBI:157668 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbocyclic fatty acid anion Any fatty acid anion containing a ring composed of carbon atoms. Major microspecies at pH 7.3 phenio.json CHEBI:157750 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heparan sulfate polyanion A carbohydrate acid derivative anion that is a polyanionic form of heparan sulfate arising from global deprotonation of the carboxy and N-sulfo groups; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:15778 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acyl-D-amino acid Any N-acyl-amino acid in which the amino acid moiety has D configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:15792 biolink:ChemicalSubstance malonate(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy groups of malonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:15816 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-arginine A D-alpha-amino acid that is the D-isomer of arginine. phenio.json CHEBI:15841 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polypeptide A peptide containing ten or more amino acid residues. phenio.json CHEBI:15843 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arachidonic acid A long-chain fatty acid that is a C20, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four (Z)-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14. phenio.json CHEBI:15846 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NAD(+) The oxidised form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide found in all living cells. In metabolism, NAD(+) is involved in redox reactions, carrying electrons from one reaction to another. phenio.json CHEBI:15889 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sterol Any 3-hydroxy steroid whose skeleton is closely related to cholestan-3-ol (additional carbon atoms may be present in the side chain). phenio.json CHEBI:15891 biolink:ChemicalSubstance taurine An amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid. It is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine metabolism. An abundant component of fish- and meat-based foods, it has been used as an oral supplement in the treatment of disorders such as cystic fibrosis and hypertension. phenio.json CHEBI:15897 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine Any N-acylethanolamine in which the acyl group has a chain length of C12 or greater. phenio.json CHEBI:15903 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-D-glucose D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre. phenio.json CHEBI:15904 biolink:ChemicalSubstance long-chain fatty acid A fatty acid with a chain length ranging from C13 to C22. phenio.json CHEBI:15940 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nicotinic acid A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:15956 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biotin An organic heterobicyclic compound that consists of 2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazole having a valeric acid substituent attached to the tetrahydrothiophene ring. The parent of the class of biotins. phenio.json CHEBI:15963 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribitol A pentitol (five-carbon sugar alcohol) having meso-configuration, being derived from ribose by reduction of the carbonyl group. It occurs naturally in the plant Adonis vernalis. phenio.json CHEBI:15965 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-hexose phosphate Any mono-phosphorylated D-hexose having a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule. phenio.json CHEBI:15966 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glutamic acid An optically active form of glutamic acid having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:15986 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polynucleotide A nucleobase-containing molecular entity with a polymeric structure comprised of a linear sequence of 13 or more nucleotide residues. phenio.json CHEBI:15999 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pyruvic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:16000 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethanolamine A member of the class of ethanolamines that is ethane with an amino substituent at C-1 and a hydroxy substituent at C-2, making it both a primary amine and a primary alcohol. phenio.json CHEBI:16004 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-lactate An optically active form of lactate having (R)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:16010 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-oxoproline An oxoproline having the oxo group placed at the 5-position. It is an intermediate metabolite in the glutathione cycle. phenio.json CHEBI:16015 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-glutamic acid An optically active form of glutamic acid having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:16024 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-mannose A mannose with D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:16027 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine 5'-monophosphate A purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having adenine as the nucleobase. phenio.json CHEBI:16038 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine A class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxy group of ethanolamine. phenio.json CHEBI:16040 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cytosine An aminopyrimidine that is pyrimidin-2-one having the amino group located at position 4. phenio.json CHEBI:16042 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halide anion A monoatomic monoanion resulting from the addition of an electron to any halogen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:16066 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 11-cis-retinal A retinal having 2E,4Z,6E,8E-double bond geometry. phenio.json CHEBI:16070 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol. phenio.json CHEBI:16080 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid A gamma-amino acid comprising 4-aminobutyric acid having a 2-hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:16094 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiosulfate(2-) A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from thiosulfuric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:16113 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholesterol A cholestanoid consisting of cholestane having a double bond at the 5,6-position as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:16134 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ammonia An azane that consists of a single nitrogen atom covelently bonded to three hydrogen atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:16135 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isobutyric acid A branched fatty acid comprising propanoic acid carrying a methyl branch at C-2. phenio.json CHEBI:16136 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen sulfide A sulfur hydride consisting of a single sulfur atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. A highly poisonous, flammable gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs, it is often produced by bacterial decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. phenio.json CHEBI:16137 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chondroitin D-glucuronate A mucopolysaccharide composed of repeating beta-D-glucopyranuronosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-N-acetylgalactosaminyl units. phenio.json CHEBI:16150 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzoate The simplest member of the class of benzoates that is the conjugate base of benzoic acid, comprising a benzoic acid core with a proton missing to give a charge of -1. phenio.json CHEBI:16152 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:161680 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aztreonam A synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic (monobactam), used primarily to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. It inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thereby blocking peptidoglycan crosslinking. phenio.json CHEBI:16179 biolink:ChemicalSubstance retinyl ester A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the hydroxy group of retinol with the carboxy group of any carboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:16180 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylglycine An N-acyl-amino acid in which amino acid specified is glycine. phenio.json CHEBI:16183 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methane A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC). phenio.json CHEBI:16189 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfate A sulfur oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of both OH groups of sulfuric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:16199 biolink:ChemicalSubstance urea A carbonyl group with two C-bound amine groups. The commercially available fertilizer has an analysis of 46-0-0 (N-P2O5-K2O). phenio.json CHEBI:16215 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphonate(2-) A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from phosphonic acid phenio.json CHEBI:16234 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxide phenio.json CHEBI:16235 biolink:ChemicalSubstance guanine A 2-aminopurine carrying a 6-oxo substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:16236 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethanol A primary alcohol that is ethane in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:16240 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen peroxide An inorganic peroxide consisting of two hydroxy groups joined by a covalent oxygen-oxygen single bond. phenio.json CHEBI:16247 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phospholipid A lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or di-ester. The term encompasses phosphatidic acids and phosphoglycerides. phenio.json CHEBI:16277 biolink:ChemicalSubstance haloacetic acid A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a halogen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:16285 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phytanic acid A branched-chain saturated fatty acid consisting of hexadecanoic acid carrying methyl substituents at positions 3, 7, 11 and 15. phenio.json CHEBI:16294 biolink:ChemicalSubstance barbituric acid A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4 and -6 by oxo groups. Barbituric acid is the parent compound of barbiturate drugs, although it is not itself pharmacologically active. phenio.json CHEBI:16301 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrite The nitrogen oxoanion formed by loss of a proton from nitrous acid. phenio.json CHEBI:16313 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-proline The D-enantiomer of proline. phenio.json CHEBI:16326 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-hexose 1-phosphate Any hexose-1-phosphate which has D configuration at position 5 and alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre. phenio.json CHEBI:16330 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5. phenio.json CHEBI:16335 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine A ribonucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribofuranose moiety via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. phenio.json CHEBI:16336 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hyaluronic acid A mucopolysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid subunits. It is found in the connective tissues of vertebrates. A principal constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM), it mediates the growth and metastasis of tumour cells. phenio.json CHEBI:16337 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidic acid A derivative of glycerol in which one hydroxy group, commonly but not necessarily primary, is esterified with phosphoric acid and the other two are esterified with fatty acids. phenio.json CHEBI:16375 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-cysteine An optically active form of cysteine having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:16382 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iodide phenio.json CHEBI:16385 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic sulfide Compounds having the structure RSR (R =/= H). Such compounds were once called thioethers. phenio.json CHEBI:16389 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ubiquinones Any benzoquinone derived from 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzoquinone; one of a group of naturally occurring homologues. The redox-active quinoid moiety usually carries a polyprenoid side chain at position 6, the number of isoprenoid units in which is species-specific. Ubiquinones are involved in the control of mitochondrial electron transport, and are also potent anti-oxidants. phenio.json CHEBI:16393 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingosine A sphing-4-enine in which the double bond is trans. phenio.json CHEBI:16398 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-threonine An optically active form of threonine having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:16410 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoxamine A monohydroxypyridine that is pyridine substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3, an aminomethyl group at position 4, a hydroxymethyl group at position 5 and a methyl group at position 2. The 4-aminomethyl form of vitamin B6, it is used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt) for treatment of diabetic nephropathy. phenio.json CHEBI:16412 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lipopolysaccharide Liposaccharide natural compounds consisting of a trisaccharide repeating unit (two heptose units and octulosonic acid) with oligosaccharide side chains and 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid units (they are a major constituent of the cell walls of Gram-negative bacteria). phenio.json CHEBI:164200 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triclosan An aromatic ether that is phenol which is substituted at C-5 by a chloro group and at C-2 by a 2,4-dichlorophenoxy group. It is widely used as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in personal care products such as soaps, skin creams, toothpaste and deodorants as well as in household items such as plastic chopping boards, sports equipment and shoes. phenio.json CHEBI:16422 biolink:ChemicalSubstance androst-4-ene-3,17-dione A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads. phenio.json CHEBI:16436 biolink:ChemicalSubstance CDP-choline A member of the class of phosphocholines that is the chloine ester of CDP. It is an intermediate obtained in the biosynthetic pathway of structural phospholipids in cell membranes. phenio.json CHEBI:16449 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alanine An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:16467 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-arginine An L-alpha-amino acid that is the L-isomer of arginine. phenio.json CHEBI:16469 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 17beta-estradiol The 17beta-isomer of estradiol. phenio.json CHEBI:16474 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NADPH The reduced form of NADP+; used in anabolic reactions, such as lipid and nucleic acid synthesis, which require NADPH as a reducing agent. phenio.json CHEBI:16480 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitric oxide A nitrogen oxide which is a free radical, each molecule of which consists of one nitrogen and one oxygen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:16498 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylneuraminic acid Any neuraminic acid carrying an N-acyl substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:16523 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-serine The R-enantiomer of serine. phenio.json CHEBI:16526 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon dioxide A one-carbon compound with formula CO2 in which the carbon is attached to each oxygen atom by a double bond. A colourless, odourless gas under normal conditions, it is produced during respiration by all animals, fungi and microorganisms that depend directly or indirectly on living or decaying plants for food. phenio.json CHEBI:16541 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protein polypeptide chain A naturally occurring polypeptide synthesized at the ribosome. phenio.json CHEBI:16555 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethanethioic S-acid A thioacetic acid that is acetic acid in which the oxygen atom of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a sulfur atom. phenio.json CHEBI:16566 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphinganine A 2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:16581 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pregnenolone A 20-oxo steroid that is pregn-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 20. phenio.json CHEBI:16618 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:16643 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-methionine The L-enantiomer of methionine. phenio.json CHEBI:16646 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbohydrate Any member of the class of organooxygen compounds that is a polyhydroxy-aldehyde or -ketone or a lactol resulting from their intramolecular condensation (monosaccharides); substances derived from these by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom; and polymeric products arising by intermolecular acetal formation between two or more such molecules (disaccharides, polysaccharides and oligosaccharides). Carbohydrates contain only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms; prior to any oxidation or reduction, most have the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n. Compounds obtained from carbohydrates by substitution, etc., are known as carbohydrate derivatives and may contain other elements. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates. phenio.json CHEBI:16651 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-lactate An optically active form of lactate having (S)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:16666 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prephenic acid An oxo dicarboxylic acid that consists of 4-hydroxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by a 2-carboxy-2-oxoethyl group at position 1. phenio.json CHEBI:16670 biolink:ChemicalSubstance peptide Amide derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another with formal loss of water. The term is usually applied to structures formed from alpha-amino acids, but it includes those derived from any amino carboxylic acid. X = OH, OR, NH2, NHR, etc. phenio.json CHEBI:16680 biolink:ChemicalSubstance S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine An organic sulfide that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-homocysteine. phenio.json CHEBI:166856 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxytrimethylaminium A methylated tertiary amine that is trimethylammonium in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:166902 biolink:ChemicalSubstance noradrenaline(1+) phenio.json CHEBI:16701 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside 5'-phosphate A ribosyl or deoxyribosyl derivative of a pyrimidine or purine base in which C-5 of the ribose ring is mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-phosphorylated. phenio.json CHEBI:16704 biolink:ChemicalSubstance uridine A ribonucleoside composed of a molecule of uracil attached to a ribofuranose moiety via a beta-N(1)-glycosidic bond. phenio.json CHEBI:16705 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 6-aminopenicillanic acid A penicillanic acid compound having a (6R)-amino substituent. The active nucleus common to all penicillins, it may be substituted at the 6-amino position to form the semisynthetic penicillins, resulting in a variety of antibacterial and pharmacologic characteristics. phenio.json CHEBI:16708 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenine The parent compound of the 6-aminopurines, composed of a purine having an amino group at C-6. phenio.json CHEBI:16709 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoxine A hydroxymethylpyridine with hydroxymethyl groups at positions 4 and 5, a hydroxy group at position 3 and a methyl group at position 2. The 4-methanol form of vitamin B6, it is converted intoto pyridoxal phosphate which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters, sphingolipids and aminolevulinic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:167095 biolink:ChemicalSubstance secondary fatty alcohol A fatty alcohol consisting of a chain of 3 to greater than 27 carbon atoms in which a hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom different from the terminal carbons. Secondary fatty alcohols may be saturated or unsaturated and may be branched or unbranched. phenio.json CHEBI:167098 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-(fatty acyl)-ethanolamine an N-acyl-ethanolamine where the acyl group is a fatty acyl chain with composition not specified, major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:167114 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-hydroxydicarboxylate(2-) Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:16716 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzene A six-carbon aromatic annulene in which each carbon atom donates one of its two 2p electrons into a delocalised pi system. A toxic, flammable liquid byproduct of coal distillation, it is used as an industrial solvent. Benzene is a carcinogen that also damages bone marrow and the central nervous system. phenio.json CHEBI:167164 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mineral nutrient A mineral that is an inorganic nutrient which must be ingested and absorbed in adequate amounts to satisfy a wide range of essential metabolic and/or structural functions in the human body. phenio.json CHEBI:167183 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piscicide A substance which is poisonous to fish and is primarily used to eliminate dominant species of fish in water. phenio.json CHEBI:16733 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-alpha-amino acid phenio.json CHEBI:16737 biolink:ChemicalSubstance creatinine A lactam obtained by formal cyclocondensation of creatine. It is a metabolite of creatine. phenio.json CHEBI:16742 biolink:ChemicalSubstance orotic acid A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. phenio.json CHEBI:16749 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol A phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol moiety is the 1D-myo isomer and the phosphatidyl group is located at its position 1. phenio.json CHEBI:167559 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycan Any oligosaccharide, polysaccharide or their derivatives consisting of monosaccharides or monosaccharide derivatives linked by glycosidic bonds. See also http://www.ontobee.org/ontology/GNO?iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GNO_00000001. phenio.json CHEBI:16761 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ADP A purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having adenine as the nucleobase. phenio.json CHEBI:16765 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tryptamine An aminoalkylindole consisting of indole having a 2-aminoethyl group at the 3-position. phenio.json CHEBI:16796 biolink:ChemicalSubstance melatonin A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen atom is replaced by a 2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl group. It is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in humans. phenio.json CHEBI:16810 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-oxoglutarate(2-) An oxo dicarboxylate obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of 2-oxoglutaric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:16811 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methionine A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. phenio.json CHEBI:16813 biolink:ChemicalSubstance galactitol An optically inactive hexitol having meso-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:16827 biolink:ChemicalSubstance corticosterone A 21-hydroxy steroid that consists of pregn-4-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 11 and 21 and oxo groups at positions 3 and 20. Corticosterone is a 21-carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands. phenio.json CHEBI:16831 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid A dicarboxylic acid that is glutaric acid in which one of the two hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a hydroxy group, while the other is substituted by a methyl group. It has been found to accumulate in urine of patients suffering from HMG-CoA lyase (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase, EC 4.1.3.4) deficiency. It occurs as a plant metabolite in Crotalaria dura. phenio.json CHEBI:168396 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mycophenolic acid A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases. phenio.json CHEBI:16842 biolink:ChemicalSubstance formaldehyde An aldehyde resulting from the formal oxidation of methanol. phenio.json CHEBI:16855 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-lysine The D-enantiomer of the alpha-amino acid lysine. phenio.json CHEBI:16856 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutathione A tripeptide compound consisting of glutamic acid attached via its side chain to the N-terminus of cysteinylglycine. phenio.json CHEBI:16857 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-threonine An optically active form of threonine having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:16862 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside 5'-diphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:16863 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 6-phospho-D-gluconate A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of 6-phospho-D-gluconic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:16865 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gamma-aminobutyric acid An amino fatty acid composed of butanoic acid with the amino substituent at C-4. phenio.json CHEBI:16867 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-methionine An optically active form of methionine having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:16874 biolink:ChemicalSubstance psychosine A glycosylsphingoid consisting of sphingosine having a beta-D-galactosyl residue attached at the 1-position. phenio.json CHEBI:16914 biolink:ChemicalSubstance salicylic acid A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid with a hydroxy group at the ortho position. It is obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves. phenio.json CHEBI:16919 biolink:ChemicalSubstance creatine A glycine derivative having methyl and amidino groups attached to the nitrogen. phenio.json CHEBI:16924 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-oxo-D-proline The D-enantiomer of 5-oxoproline. phenio.json CHEBI:16927 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-saccharopine The N(6)-(1,3-dicarboxypropan-1-yl) derivative of L-lysine. phenio.json CHEBI:16947 biolink:ChemicalSubstance citrate(3-) A tricarboxylic acid trianion, obtained by deprotonation of the three carboxy groups of citric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:16953 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetyl-L-aspartate(2-) A doubly-charged N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion resulting from deprotonation of both carboxy groups of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:16958 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-alanine A naturally-occurring beta-amino acid comprising propionic acid with the amino group in the 3-position. phenio.json CHEBI:16973 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 11-deoxycorticosterone A mineralocorticoid that is progesterone substituted at position 21 by a hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:16976 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hygromycin B phenio.json CHEBI:16987 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-piperideine-6-carboxylate A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of 1-piperideine-6-carboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:16988 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-ribose A ribose in which the chiral carbon atom furthest away from the aldehyde group (C4') has the same configuration as in D-glyceraldehyde. phenio.json CHEBI:16990 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bilirubin IXalpha A member of the class of biladienes that is a linear tetrapyrrole with the dipyrrole units being of both exovinyl and endovinyl type. A product of heme degradation, it is produced in the reticuloendothelial system by the reduction of biliverdin and transported to the liver as a complex with serum albumin. phenio.json CHEBI:16991 biolink:ChemicalSubstance deoxyribonucleic acid High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; DNA contain the genetic information of organisms. phenio.json CHEBI:16995 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxalic acid An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2. phenio.json CHEBI:169952 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 13-cis-retinoate phenio.json CHEBI:16997 biolink:ChemicalSubstance propane-1,2-diol The simplest member of the class of propane-1,2-diols, consisting of propane in which a hydrogen at position 1 and a hydrogen at position 2 are substituted by hydroxy groups. A colourless, viscous, hygroscopic, low-melting (-59degreeC) and high-boiling (188degreeC) liquid with low toxicity, it is used as a solvent, emulsifying agent, and antifreeze. phenio.json CHEBI:16998 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-phenylalanine The D-enantiomer of phenylalanine. phenio.json CHEBI:17002 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholesteryl ester A sterol ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of any carboxylic acid with the 3-hydroxy group of cholesterol. phenio.json CHEBI:17012 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetylneuraminic acid An N-acylneuraminic acid where the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl. phenio.json CHEBI:17015 biolink:ChemicalSubstance riboflavin D-Ribitol in which the hydroxy group at position 5 is substituted by a 7,8-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydrobenzo[g]pteridin-10(2H)-yl moiety. It is a nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables, but the richest natural source is yeast. The free form occurs only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as flavin mononucleotide and flavin-adenine dinucleotide. phenio.json CHEBI:17026 biolink:ChemicalSubstance progesterone A C21-steroid hormone in which a pregnane skeleton carries oxo substituents at positions 3 and 20 and is unsaturated at C(4)-C(5). As a hormone, it is involved in the female menstrual cycle, pregnancy and embryogenesis of humans and other species. phenio.json CHEBI:17027 biolink:ChemicalSubstance allysine An alpha-amino acid consisting of lysine having an oxo group in place of the side-chain amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:17029 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chitin An aminoglycan consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues. phenio.json CHEBI:17051 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluoride phenio.json CHEBI:17053 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-aspartic acid The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:17062 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary aliphatic amine phenio.json CHEBI:17076 biolink:ChemicalSubstance streptomycin A amino cyclitol glycoside that consists of streptidine having a disaccharyl moiety attached at the 4-position. The parent of the streptomycin class phenio.json CHEBI:17087 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketone A compound in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms: R2C=O (neither R may be H). phenio.json CHEBI:17089 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycoprotein A compound in which a carbohydrate component is covalently bound to a protein component. phenio.json CHEBI:17102 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphoramide A compound in which one or more of the OH groups of phosphoric acid have been replaced with an amino or substituted amino group. The term is commonly confined to the phosphoric triamides, P(=O)(NR2)3, since replacement of one or two OH groups produces phosphoramidic acids: P(=O)(OH)(NR2)2 , P(=O)(OH)2(NR2). phenio.json CHEBI:17111 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-O-phosphono-alpha-D-ribofuranosyl diphosphate A derivative of alpha-D-ribose having a phosphate group at the 5-position and a diphosphate at the 1-position. phenio.json CHEBI:17113 biolink:ChemicalSubstance erythritol The meso-diastereomer of butane-1,2,3,4-tetrol. phenio.json CHEBI:17115 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-serine The L-enantiomer of serine. phenio.json CHEBI:17118 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldehydo-D-galactose phenio.json CHEBI:17120 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexanoate A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of hexanoic acid (also known as caproic acid). phenio.json CHEBI:17126 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carnitine An amino-acid betaine that is butanoate substituted with a hydroxy group at position C-3 and a trimethylammonium group at C-4. phenio.json CHEBI:17134 biolink:ChemicalSubstance octopamine Octopamine is a biogenic phenylethanolamine, which has been found to act as a neurotransmitter, neurohormone or neuromodulator in invertebrates. phenio.json CHEBI:17137 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogensulfite phenio.json CHEBI:17151 biolink:ChemicalSubstance xylitol A pentitol (five-carbon sugar alcohol) having meso-configuration, being derived from xylose by reduction of the carbonyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:17154 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nicotinamide A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group. phenio.json CHEBI:17158 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylglyoxal A 2-oxo aldehyde derived from propanal. phenio.json CHEBI:171664 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antiamoebic agent An antiparasitic agent which is effective against amoeba, a genus of single-celled amoeboids in the family Amoebidae. phenio.json CHEBI:17188 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside 5'-monophosphate phenio.json CHEBI:17196 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-asparagine An optically active form of asparagine having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:17202 biolink:ChemicalSubstance IMP A purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having hypoxanthine as the nucleobase. phenio.json CHEBI:17203 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-proline Pyrrolidine in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a carboxylic acid group. L-Proline is the only one of the twenty DNA-encoded amino acids which has a secondary amino group alpha to the carboxyl group. It is an essential component of collagen and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons. It also helps maintain and strengthen heart muscles. phenio.json CHEBI:1722 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid Any 3beta-hydroxy-steroid that contains a double bond between positions 5 and 6. phenio.json CHEBI:17230 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homocysteine A sulfur-containing amino acid consisting of a glycine core with a 2-mercaptoethyl side-chain. phenio.json CHEBI:17234 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucose An aldohexose used as a source of energy and metabolic intermediate. phenio.json CHEBI:17239 biolink:ChemicalSubstance CDP A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase. phenio.json CHEBI:17245 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon monoxide A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas. phenio.json CHEBI:17252 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone. phenio.json CHEBI:17258 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 7H-purine The 7H-tautomer of purine. phenio.json CHEBI:17272 biolink:ChemicalSubstance propionate The conjugate base of propionic acid; a key precursor in lipid biosynthesis. phenio.json CHEBI:17295 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-phenylalanine The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine. phenio.json CHEBI:17296 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aniline A primary arylamine in which an amino functional group is substituted for one of the benzene hydrogens. phenio.json CHEBI:17303 biolink:ChemicalSubstance morphine A morphinane alkaloid that is a highly potent opiate analgesic psychoactive drug. Morphine acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to relieve pain but has a high potential for addiction, with tolerance and both physical and psychological dependence developing rapidly. Morphine is the most abundant opiate found in Papaver somniferum (the opium poppy). phenio.json CHEBI:173084 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ferroptosis inhibitor Any substance that inhibits the process of ferroptosis (a type of programmed cell death dependent on iron and characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides) in organisms. phenio.json CHEBI:173085 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ferroptosis inducer Any substance that induces or promotes ferroptosis (a type of programmed cell death dependent on iron and characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides) in organisms. phenio.json CHEBI:17310 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoxal A pyridinecarbaldehyde that is pyridine-4-carbaldehyde bearing methyl, hydroxy and hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 2, 3 and 5 respectively. The 4-carboxyaldehyde form of vitamin B6, it is converted into pyridoxal phosphate, a coenzyme for the synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters, sphingolipids and aminolevulinic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:17325 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion that results from the removal of a proton from both of the carboxylic acid groups of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:17326 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside 5'-triphoshate phenio.json CHEBI:17334 biolink:ChemicalSubstance penicillin Any member of the group of substituted penams containing two methyl substituents at position 2, a carboxylate substituent at position 3 and a carboxamido group at position 6. phenio.json CHEBI:17336 biolink:ChemicalSubstance all-trans-retinol A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. phenio.json CHEBI:17345 biolink:ChemicalSubstance guanosine 5'-monophosphate A purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having guanine as the nucleobase. phenio.json CHEBI:17347 biolink:ChemicalSubstance testosterone An androstanoid having 17beta-hydroxy and 3-oxo groups, together with unsaturation at C-4-C-5.. phenio.json CHEBI:17348 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-aldohexose 6-phosphate Any D-aldose having a six-carbon chain with a phosphate group at C-6. phenio.json CHEBI:17351 biolink:ChemicalSubstance linoleic acid An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry. phenio.json CHEBI:17359 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfite A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3). phenio.json CHEBI:17364 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-aspartic acid The D-enantiomer of aspartic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:17368 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hypoxanthine A purine nucleobase that consists of purine bearing an oxo substituent at position 6. phenio.json CHEBI:17375 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid in which the carbon at position 2 has (S)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:17376 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cystine A sulfur-containing amino acid obtained by the oxidation of two cysteine molecules which are then linked via a disulfide bond. phenio.json CHEBI:17381 biolink:ChemicalSubstance porphobilinogen A dicarboxylic acid that is pyrole bearing aminomethyl, carboxymethyl and 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2, 3 and 4 respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:17387 biolink:ChemicalSubstance O-acylcarnitine Any carboxylic ester obtained by the O-acylation of carnitine. phenio.json CHEBI:17408 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoacylglycerol A glyceride in which any one of the R groups (position not specified) is an acyl group while the remaining two R groups can be either H or alkyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:17418 biolink:ChemicalSubstance valeric acid A straight-chain saturated fatty acid containing five carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:17439 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyanocob(III)alamin A complex cob(III)alamin in which cobalt is positioned in the centre of a planar corrin tetrapyrrole ring and bound axially to a 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole moiety and a cyano group. It is one of several forms of the vitamin known as vitamin B12. phenio.json CHEBI:17453 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylmalonate(2-) A C4-dicarboxylate resulting from the removal of a proton from both carboxylic acid groups of methylmalonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:17478 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldehyde A compound RC(=O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group. phenio.json CHEBI:17485 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homocystine An organic disulfide obtained by oxidative dimerisation of homocysteine. phenio.json CHEBI:17489 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3',5'-cyclic AMP A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide having having adenine as the nucleobase. phenio.json CHEBI:17499 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen donor A molecular entity that can undergo oxidation by the loss of hydrogen atom(s). phenio.json CHEBI:17514 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyanide A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide. phenio.json CHEBI:17517 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylglycerol A glycerophosphoglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen of one of the primary hydroxy groups has been replaced by a phosphatidyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:17522 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alditol A carbohydrate that is an acyclic polyol having the general formula HOCH2[CH(OH)]nCH2OH (formally derivable from an aldose by reduction of the carbonyl group). phenio.json CHEBI:17544 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogencarbonate The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:17549 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-aminolevulinic acid The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp. phenio.json CHEBI:17553 biolink:ChemicalSubstance O-phosphoethanolamine The ethanolamine mono-ester of phosphoric acid, and a metabolite of phospholipid metabolism. This phosphomonoester shows strong structural similarity to the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA, and is decreased in post-mortem Alzheimer's disease brain. phenio.json CHEBI:17561 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-cysteine An optically active form of cysteine having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:17568 biolink:ChemicalSubstance uracil A common and naturally occurring pyrimidine nucleobase in which the pyrimidine ring is substituted with two oxo groups at positions 2 and 4. Found in RNA, it base pairs with adenine and replaces thymine during DNA transcription. phenio.json CHEBI:17578 biolink:ChemicalSubstance toluene The simplest member of the class toluenes consisting of a benzene core which bears a single methyl substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:17579 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-carotene A cyclic carotene obtained by dimerisation of all-trans-retinol. A strongly-coloured red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruit and the most active and important provitamin A carotenoid. phenio.json CHEBI:175901 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gemcitabine A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer. phenio.json CHEBI:17602 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-aminophenol An amino phenol (one of the three possible isomers) which has the single amino substituent located para to the phenolic -OH group. phenio.json CHEBI:17608 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-aldohexose Any D-aldose having a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule. phenio.json CHEBI:17612 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetate A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:17630 biolink:ChemicalSubstance kanamycin A phenio.json CHEBI:17634 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glucose A glucose with D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:17636 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingomyelin d18:1 Any sphingomyelin having sphingosine as the sphingoid component. phenio.json CHEBI:176497 biolink:ChemicalSubstance geroprotector Any compound that supports healthy aging, slows the biological aging process, or extends lifespan. phenio.json CHEBI:17650 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cortisol A 17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid that is pregn-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 20 and hydroxy groups at positions 11, 17 and 21. Cortisol is a corticosteroid hormone or glucocorticoid produced by zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex, which is a part of the adrenal gland. It is usually referred to as the "stress hormone" as it is involved in response to stress and anxiety, controlled by corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). It increases blood pressure and blood sugar, and reduces immune responses phenio.json CHEBI:17654 biolink:ChemicalSubstance electron acceptor A substance to which an electron may be transferred. phenio.json CHEBI:17658 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tylosin A macrolide antibiotic that is tylonolide having mono- and diglycosyl moieties attached to two of its hydroxy groups. It is found naturally as a fermentation product of Streptomyces fradiae. phenio.json CHEBI:17668 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleoside diphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:176783 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin C Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms. phenio.json CHEBI:176838 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin B2 Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms). phenio.json CHEBI:176839 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin B3 Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms). phenio.json CHEBI:176841 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin B7 Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms. phenio.json CHEBI:176842 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin B9 Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin. phenio.json CHEBI:176843 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin B12 Any member of a group of cobalamin vitamers that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with low red blood cell count and anemia. The vitamers are found in foods such as cereals, meat, fish, and poultry. The vitamers include adenosylcobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, cyanocobalamin, aquacobalamin, nitritocobalamin and methylcobabalamin (also includes their ionized, salt and phosphate derivatives). phenio.json CHEBI:17688 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-nicotine A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum. phenio.json CHEBI:17689 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingosine-1-phosphocholine A phosphosphingolipid consisting of sphingosine having a phosphocholine moiety attached to its primary hydroxyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:176894 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin B6 phosphate anion phenio.json CHEBI:17698 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chloramphenicol An organochlorine compound that is dichloro-substituted acetamide containing a nitrobenzene ring, an amide bond and two alcohol functions. phenio.json CHEBI:17716 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lactose A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form. phenio.json CHEBI:17754 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycerol A triol with a structure of propane substituted at positions 1, 2 and 3 by hydroxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:17755 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cystathionine A modified amino acid generated by enzymic means from homocysteine and serine. phenio.json CHEBI:17759 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol phenio.json CHEBI:17761 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ceramide Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. The fatty acids are typically saturated or monounsaturated with chain lengths from 14 to 26 carbon atoms; the presence of a hydroxyl group on carbon 2 is fairly common. Ceramides are generally precursors of more complex sphingolipids. In the illustrated generalised structure, R(1) = OH, OX (where X = acyl, glycosyl, phosphate, phosphonate, etc.), or H. phenio.json CHEBI:17781 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lumichrome A compound showing blue fluorescence, formed by a photolysis of riboflavin in acid or neutral solution. phenio.json CHEBI:17790 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methanol The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group. phenio.json CHEBI:177917 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenolic steroid phenio.json CHEBI:17792 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organohalogen compound A compound containing at least one carbon-halogen bond (where X is a halogen atom). phenio.json CHEBI:17821 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thymine A pyrimidine nucleobase that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by a methyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:17822 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serine An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:17823 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcitriol A hydroxycalciol that is calcidiol in which the pro-S hydrogen of calcidiol is replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the active form of vitamin D3, produced fom calciol via hydoxylation in the liver to form calcidiol, which is subsequently oxidised in the kidney to give calcitriol. phenio.json CHEBI:17824 biolink:ChemicalSubstance propan-2-ol A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:17833 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gentamycin Any of a group of aminoglycoside antibiotics produced by fermentation of some Micromonospora spp. phenio.json CHEBI:17855 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triglyceride Any glyceride resulting from the condensation of all three hydroxy groups of glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) with fatty acids. phenio.json CHEBI:17858 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutathione disulfide phenio.json CHEBI:17859 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutaric acid An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is a linear five-carbon dicarboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:17862 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-dehydrosphinganine A 2-amino-1-hydroxyoctadecan-3-one that has S-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:17883 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen chloride A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:17891 biolink:ChemicalSubstance donor A molecular entity that can transfer ("donate") an electron, a pair of electrons, an atom or a group to another molecular entity. phenio.json CHEBI:17893 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2R)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid having (2R)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:17895 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-tyrosine An optically active form of tyrosine having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:17924 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glucitol The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol). phenio.json CHEBI:17925 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-glucose D-Glucopyranose having alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre. phenio.json CHEBI:17933 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcidiol A hydroxycalciol that is calciol in which the hydrogen at position 25 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. A prehormone resulting from the oxidation of calciol in the liver, it is further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D3. phenio.json CHEBI:17964 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pipecolic acid A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position C-2. phenio.json CHEBI:17968 biolink:ChemicalSubstance butyrate A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:17972 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleoside triphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:17973 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate A D-galactopyranose 1-phosphate having alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre. phenio.json CHEBI:17984 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acyl-CoA A thioester that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any carboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:17996 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chloride A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. phenio.json CHEBI:18009 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NADP(+) phenio.json CHEBI:18012 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fumaric acid A butenedioic acid in which the C=C double bond has E geometry. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. phenio.json CHEBI:18019 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-lysine An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. phenio.json CHEBI:18035 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diglyceride A glyceride that is glycerol in which any two of the hydroxy groups have been acylated. In the structure shown, two of the R groups (positions not specified) are acyl groups while the remaining R group can be either H or an alkyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:180482 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide A member of the class of triazoles that is 1H-1,2,4-triazole substituted by an aminocarbonyl group at position 3. It is the major catabolite and aglycon of ribavirin. phenio.json CHEBI:18049 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperidine An azacycloalkane that is cyclohexane in which one of the carbons is replaced by a nitrogen. It is a metabolite of cadaverine, a polyamine found in the human intestine. phenio.json CHEBI:18059 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lipid 'Lipids' is a loosely defined term for substances of biological origin that are soluble in nonpolar solvents. They consist of saponifiable lipids, such as glycerides (fats and oils) and phospholipids, as well as nonsaponifiable lipids, principally steroids. phenio.json CHEBI:18085 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycosaminoglycan Any polysaccharide containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues. phenio.json CHEBI:18089 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-benzoylglycine An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as benzoyl. phenio.json CHEBI:18095 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline An optically active form of 4-hydroxyproline having L-trans-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:18101 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:18111 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribosomal RNA RNA molecules which are essential structural and functional components of ribosomes, the subcellular units responsible for protein synthesis. phenio.json CHEBI:18132 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphocholine The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family. phenio.json CHEBI:18133 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexose Any six-carbon monosaccharide which in its linear form contains either an aldehyde group at position 1 (aldohexose) or a ketone group at position 2 (ketohexose). phenio.json CHEBI:18139 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trimethylamine A tertiary amine that is ammonia in which each hydrogen atom is substituted by an methyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:18140 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen halide phenio.json CHEBI:18154 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polysaccharide A biomacromolecule consisting of large numbers of monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. This term is commonly used only for those containing more than ten monosaccharide residues. phenio.json CHEBI:18179 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphoinositide Any phosphatidylinositol that is phosphorylated at one or more of the hydroxy groups of inositol. phenio.json CHEBI:18183 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-oxo-L-proline An optically active form of 5-oxoproline having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:18186 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tyrosine An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. phenio.json CHEBI:18208 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzylpenicillin A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group. phenio.json CHEBI:18211 biolink:ChemicalSubstance citrulline The parent compound of the citrulline class consisting of ornithine having a carbamoyl group at the N(5)-position. phenio.json CHEBI:18237 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutamic acid An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:18240 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-hydroxy-L-proline The L-stereoisomer of 4-hydroxyproline. phenio.json CHEBI:18243 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dopamine Catechol in which the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted by a 2-aminoethyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:18246 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (1->4)-beta-D-glucan A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages. phenio.json CHEBI:18248 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iron atom An iron group element atom that has atomic number 26. phenio.json CHEBI:18254 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleoside Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose. phenio.json CHEBI:18257 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ornithine An alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5. phenio.json CHEBI:18258 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism. phenio.json CHEBI:18259 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosylceramide A glycotetraosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the tetrasaccharide component. phenio.json CHEBI:18274 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2'-deoxyribonucleoside phenio.json CHEBI:18282 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleobase That part of DNA or RNA that may be involved in pairing. phenio.json CHEBI:18287 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-fucose Any form of fucose having L configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:18291 biolink:ChemicalSubstance manganese atom phenio.json CHEBI:18295 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histamine An aralkylamine that has formula C5H9N3. phenio.json CHEBI:18304 biolink:ChemicalSubstance deamido-NAD(+) phenio.json CHEBI:18310 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkane An acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having the general formula CnH2n+2, and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:18320 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,4-dithiothreitol The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol. phenio.json CHEBI:18332 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-thyroxine The L-enantiomer of thyroxine. phenio.json CHEBI:18335 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate A vitamin B6 phosphate that is the phosphoric ester derivative of pyridoxamine. phenio.json CHEBI:18348 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate A phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate in which the two phosphate groups are at C-4 and C-5 of the inositol moiety which has the 1D-myo configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:18357 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-noradrenaline The R-enantiomer of noradrenaline. phenio.json CHEBI:18361 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diphosphate(4-) phenio.json CHEBI:18367 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphate(3-) A phosphate ion that is the conjugate base of hydrogenphosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:18368 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine Sphingosine substituted at the 1-hydroxy group by a D-glucosyl group and at the 2-amino group by an acyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:18375 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate A ribosyl or deoxyribosyl derivative of a pyrimidine or purine base in which C-3 and C-5 of the ribose ring are engaged in formation of a cyclic mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-phosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:18376 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dermatan sulfate Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated beta1->4-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units. phenio.json CHEBI:18379 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrile A compound having the structure RC#N; thus a C-substituted derivative of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N. In systematic nomenclature, the suffix nitrile denotes the triply bound #N atom, not the carbon atom attached to it. phenio.json CHEBI:18391 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-gluconate A gluconate having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:18401 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenylacetate A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of phenylacetic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:18405 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoxal 5'-phosphate The monophosphate ester obtained by condensation of phosphoric acid with the primary hydroxy group of pyridoxal. phenio.json CHEBI:18407 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen cyanide A one-carbon compound consisting of a methine group triple bonded to a nitrogen atom phenio.json CHEBI:18408 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cobamamide A member of the class of cobalamins that is vitamin B12 in which the cyano group is replaced by a 5'-deoxyadenos-5'-yl moiety. It is one of the two metabolically active form of vitamin B12. phenio.json CHEBI:18420 biolink:ChemicalSubstance magnesium(2+) phenio.json CHEBI:18421 biolink:ChemicalSubstance superoxide phenio.json CHEBI:184376 biolink:ChemicalSubstance streptidine(2+) A guanidinium ion obtained by protonation of both guanidino groups of streptidine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:184381 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bacitracin A zwitterion phenio.json CHEBI:18723 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nicotine A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicotine. phenio.json CHEBI:18946 biolink:ChemicalSubstance delta-lactone A lactone having a six-membered lactone ring. phenio.json CHEBI:189832 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid Any polyunsaturated fatty acid carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents. phenio.json CHEBI:189840 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic fatty acid Any fatty acid containing two carboxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:189846 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic fatty acid dianion Any fatty acid that contains 2 carboxylic groups. Major microspecies at pH 7.3 phenio.json CHEBI:190295 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic calcium salt A calcium salt that lacks C-H bonds phenio.json CHEBI:190300 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic phosphate salt A phosphate salt that lacks C-H bonds phenio.json CHEBI:190303 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic potassium salt A potassium salt that lacks C-H bonds phenio.json CHEBI:190509 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imipenem zwitterion Zwitterionic form of imipenem having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated methaneimidamido group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:191220 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2S)-methylsuccinate(2-) The dicarboxylate anion of (S)-methylsuccinic acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:19129 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 11alpha-hydroxy steroid phenio.json CHEBI:19138 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 12-HETE A HETE that is icosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 12. It is a metabolite of arachidonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:19168 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 17-oxo steroid Any oxo steroid carrying the oxo group at position 17. phenio.json CHEBI:191874 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid 26:0 A saturated fatty acid containing 26 carbons and 0 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:192484 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ciprofloxacin zwitterion A zwitterion formed from ciprofloxacin by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:192486 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ciprofloxacin(1+) A secondary ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of ciprofloxacin resulting from the protonation of the NH group; major species at acidic pH. phenio.json CHEBI:19255 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside phenio.json CHEBI:192979 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nystatin A2 phenio.json CHEBI:193111 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylcarbamate The conjugate base of methylcarbamic acid; major microspecies at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:194135 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:19834 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:20067 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-hydroxybutyric acid A straight-chain 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising a butyric acid core with a single hydroxy substituent in the 3- position; a ketone body whose levels are raised during ketosis, used as an energy source by the brain during fasting in humans. Also used to synthesise biodegradable plastics. phenio.json CHEBI:20106 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vanillylmandelic acid An aromatic ether that is the 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:20156 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-oxo-Delta(1) steroid Any 3-oxo steroid that contains a double bond between positions 1 and 2. phenio.json CHEBI:20392 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-hydroxyproline A monohydroxyproline where the hydroxy group is located at the 4-position. It is found in fibrillar collagen. phenio.json CHEBI:204928 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefotaxime A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups. phenio.json CHEBI:20612 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-methyltetrahydrofolate A group of heterocyclic compounds based on the 5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroic acid skeleton conjugated with one or more L-glutamic acid or L-glutamate units. phenio.json CHEBI:20664 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5beta-cholane phenio.json CHEBI:20702 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-aminopurines Any aminopurine having the amino substituent at the 2-position. phenio.json CHEBI:20706 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 6-aminopurines Any compound having 6-aminopurine (adenine) as part of its structure. phenio.json CHEBI:20854 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ATP synthase inhibitor A mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor that interferes with the action of ATP synthase. phenio.json CHEBI:20960 biolink:ChemicalSubstance galactose phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:209807 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefoxitin A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups. It is resistant to beta-lactamase. phenio.json CHEBI:21006 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glucose monophosphate phenio.json CHEBI:21008 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucose phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:21037 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldohexose phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:21080 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribose diphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:21241 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenio.json CHEBI:21501 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetyl-D-amino acid An N-acetyl-amino acid having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:21545 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetyl-L-amino acid An L-amino acid having an N-acetyl substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:21547 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid An N-acyl-L-aspartic acid in which the acyl group is specified as acetyl. phenio.json CHEBI:21575 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetyl-amino acid An N-acyl-amino acid that has acetyl as the acyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:21619 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetylneuraminates phenio.json CHEBI:21622 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetylneuraminic acids phenio.json CHEBI:21638 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylglucosamine phenio.json CHEBI:21644 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acyl-L-amino acid Any N-acylamino acid having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:21647 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acyl-L-aspartic acid L-Aspartic acid substituted at nitrogen by an acyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:21654 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acyl-aspartic acid An aspartic acid derivative that is aspartic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group is replaced by an acyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:21656 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acyl-hexosamine phenio.json CHEBI:21663 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylneuraminates phenio.json CHEBI:21731 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-glycosyl compound A glycosyl compound arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to a nitrogen atom, thus creating a C-N bond. phenio.json CHEBI:21760 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-methyl-amino acid An amino acid derivative in which at least one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a methyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:21766 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-methylglycines An N-alkylglycine that is sarcosine and derivatives of sarcosine arising by replacement of the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen by a hydrocarbyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:22153 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acaricide A substance used to destroy pests of the subclass Acari (mites and ticks). phenio.json CHEBI:22160 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetamides Compounds with the general formula RNHC(=O)CH3. phenio.json CHEBI:22195 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetyl-amino acid Any amino acid derivative that is the N-acetyl or O-acetyl derivative of an amino acid. phenio.json CHEBI:22221 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acyl group An organic group formed by removing one or more hydroxy groups from an oxoacid that has the general structure RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0). Although the term is almost always applied to organic compounds, with carboxylic acid as the oxoacid, acyl groups can in principle be derived from other types of acids such as sulfonic acids or phosphonic acids. phenio.json CHEBI:22251 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine bisphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:22256 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:22260 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosines Any purine ribonucleoside that is a derivative of adenosine. phenio.json CHEBI:22297 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alditol phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:22299 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldonate A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of an aldonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:22300 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldonic acid phosphate An aldonic acid in which at least one of the hydroxy groups has been phosphorylated. phenio.json CHEBI:22301 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldonic acid Any carbohydrate acid formed by oxidising the aldehyde functional group of an aldose to a carboxylic acid functional group. Aldonic acids have the general formula HOCH2[CH(OH)]nC(=O)OH. phenio.json CHEBI:22307 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldoxime Oximes of aldehydes RCH=NOH. phenio.json CHEBI:22313 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkaline earth metal atom phenio.json CHEBI:22314 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkali metal atom phenio.json CHEBI:22315 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkaloid Any of the naturally occurring, basic nitrogen compounds (mostly heterocyclic) occurring mostly in the plant kingdom, but also found in bacteria, fungi, and animals. By extension, certain neutral compounds biogenetically related to basic alkaloids are also classed as alkaloids. Amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, amino sugars and antibiotics are not normally regarded as alkaloids. Compounds in which the nitrogen is exocyclic (dopamine, mescaline, serotonin, etc.) are usually classed as amines rather than alkaloids. phenio.json CHEBI:22323 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkyl group A univalent group -CnH2n+1 derived from an alkane by removal of a hydrogen atom from any carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:22327 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aliphatic sulfide phenio.json CHEBI:22331 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkylamines Any amine formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by alkyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:22333 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkylating agent Highly reactive chemical that introduces alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevents their proper functioning. It could be used as an antineoplastic agent, but it might be very toxic, with carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant actions. It could also be used as a component of poison gases. phenio.json CHEBI:22390 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-glucoside phenio.json CHEBI:22470 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-tocopherol A tocopherol that is chroman-6-ol substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 5, 7 and 8 and a 4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl group at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:22478 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino alcohol An alcohol containing an amino functional group in addition to the alcohol-defining hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:22479 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino cyclitol glycoside phenio.json CHEBI:22480 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino disaccharide A disaccharide derivative that is a disaccharide having one or more substituted or unsubstituted amino groups in place of hydroxy groups at unspecified positions. phenio.json CHEBI:22483 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino oligosaccharide phenio.json CHEBI:22484 biolink:ChemicalSubstance galactosamine oligosaccharide phenio.json CHEBI:22492 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino aldehyde Any aldehyde which contains an amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:22494 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminobenzoate phenio.json CHEBI:22495 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminobenzoic acid phenio.json CHEBI:22501 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminodiol An amino alcohol having two hydroxy functional groups. phenio.json CHEBI:22506 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminoglycan phenio.json CHEBI:22507 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminoglycoside antibiotic phenio.json CHEBI:22527 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminopurine Any purine having at least one amino substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:22558 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anhydro sugar Intramolecular ethers formally arising by elimination of water from two hydroxy groups of a single molecule of a monosaccharide (aldose or ketose) or monosaccharide derivative. phenio.json CHEBI:22562 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anilines Any aromatic amine that is benzene carrying at least one amino substituent and its substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:22563 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anion A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the electron. phenio.json CHEBI:22565 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ansamycin A class of macrocyclic lactams that consist of an aromatic (phenyl or naphthyl) or quinonoid (benzoquinone or naphthoquinone) moiety that is bridged by an aliphatic chain. phenio.json CHEBI:22586 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antioxidant A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. phenio.json CHEBI:22587 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antiviral agent A substance that destroys or inhibits replication of viruses. phenio.json CHEBI:22601 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arabinoside phenio.json CHEBI:22632 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arsenic molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:22633 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arsenite ion An arsenic oxoanion resulting from the removal of one or more protons from arsenous acid. phenio.json CHEBI:22645 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arenecarboxamide A monocarboxylic acid amide in which the amide linkage is bonded directly to an arene ring system. phenio.json CHEBI:22651 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ascorbate A ketoaldonate that is the conjugate base of ascorbic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:22652 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ascorbic acid phenio.json CHEBI:22653 biolink:ChemicalSubstance asparagine An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:22658 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aspartate family amino acid An L-alpha-amino acid which is L-aspartic acid or any of the essential amino acids biosynthesised from it (asparagine, lysine, methionine, threonine and isoleucine). A closed class. phenio.json CHEBI:22660 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aspartic acid An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent phenio.json CHEBI:22661 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aspartic acid derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of aspartic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of aspartic acid by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing aspartic acid residues. phenio.json CHEBI:22676 biolink:ChemicalSubstance auxin Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow"). phenio.json CHEBI:22691 biolink:ChemicalSubstance barbiturate anion phenio.json CHEBI:22693 biolink:ChemicalSubstance barbiturates Members of the class of pyrimidones consisting of pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione (barbituric acid) and its derivatives. Largest group of the synthetic sedative/hypnotics, sharing a characteristic six-membered ring structure. phenio.json CHEBI:22695 biolink:ChemicalSubstance base A molecular entity having an available pair of electrons capable of forming a covalent bond with a hydron (Bronsted base) or with the vacant orbital of some other molecular entity (Lewis base). phenio.json CHEBI:22702 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzamides phenio.json CHEBI:22712 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzenes Any benzenoid aromatic compound consisting of the benzene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:22713 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arenesulfonate oxoanion phenio.json CHEBI:22715 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzimidazoles An organic heterocyclic compound containing a benzene ring fused to an imidazole ring. phenio.json CHEBI:22718 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzoates A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any benzoic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:22720 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzodiazepine A group of heterocyclic compounds with a core structure containing a benzene ring fused to a diazepine ring. phenio.json CHEBI:22723 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzoic acids Any aromatic carboxylic acid that consists of benzene in which at least a single hydrogen has been substituted by a carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:22726 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzophenones Any aromatic ketone in which the carbonyl group is bonded to 2 phenyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:22727 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzopyran phenio.json CHEBI:22728 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzopyrrole phenio.json CHEBI:22729 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzoquinones Any quinone resulting from the formal oxidation of catechol, hydroquinone, or their C-substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:22744 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzyl group phenio.json CHEBI:22798 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-D-glucoside Any D-glucoside in which the anomeric centre has beta-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:22860 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino-acid betaine Any amino acid-derived zwitterion - such as glycine betaine (N,N,N-trimethylammonioacetate) - in which the ammonium nitrogen carries methyl substituents and bears no hydrogen atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:22868 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bile salt A sodium salt of the conjugate of any bile acid with either glycine or taurine. phenio.json CHEBI:22881 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biopterins phenio.json CHEBI:22888 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biphenyls Benzenoid aromatic compounds containing two phenyl or substituted-phenyl groups which are joined together by a single bond. phenio.json CHEBI:22901 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bisphenol By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:22907 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bleomycin A glycopeptide produced by the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus. The term, 'bleomycin' refers to a family of structurally related compounds. When used as an anti-cancer agent, the chemotherapeutical forms are primarily bleomycin A2 and B2. phenio.json CHEBI:22916 biolink:ChemicalSubstance boron molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:22917 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phytogenic insecticide An insecticide compound naturally occurring in plants. phenio.json CHEBI:22918 biolink:ChemicalSubstance branched-chain amino acid Any amino acid in which the parent hydrocarbon chain has one or more alkyl substituents phenio.json CHEBI:22927 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bromine atom phenio.json CHEBI:22928 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bromine molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:22944 biolink:ChemicalSubstance butanediols A diol that is a butanediol or a derivative of a butanediol. phenio.json CHEBI:22958 biolink:ChemicalSubstance butenedioic acid phenio.json CHEBI:22977 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cadmium atom phenio.json CHEBI:22984 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium atom phenio.json CHEBI:22985 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:22986 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium ionophore phenio.json CHEBI:23003 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbamate ester Any ester of carbamic acid or its N-substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:23004 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbamoyl group The univalent carboacyl group formed by loss of -OH from the carboxy group of carbamic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:23007 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbohydrate-containing antibiotic Any carbohydrate derivative that exhibits antibiotic activity. phenio.json CHEBI:23014 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon oxide phenio.json CHEBI:23016 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbonates Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3. phenio.json CHEBI:23018 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor An EC 4.2.1.* (hydro-lyases) inhibitor that interferes with the action of carbonic anhydrase (EC 4.2.1.1). Such compounds reduce the secretion of H(+) ions by the proximal kidney tubule. phenio.json CHEBI:23019 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbonyl group phenio.json CHEBI:23042 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carotene Hydrocarbon carotenoids. phenio.json CHEBI:23044 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carotenoid One of a class of tetraterpenoids (C40), formally derived from the acyclic parent, psi,psi-carotene by hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, cyclization, oxidation, or combination of these processes. This class includes carotenes, xanthophylls and certain compounds that arise from rearrangement of the skeleton of psi,psi-carotene or by loss of part of this structure. Retinoids are excluded. phenio.json CHEBI:23045 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carotenol phenio.json CHEBI:23066 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cephalosporin A class of beta-lactam antibiotics differing from the penicillins in having a 6-membered, rather than a 5-membered, side ring. Although cephalosporins are among the most commonly used antibiotics in the treatment of routine infections, and their use is increasing over time, they can cause a range of hypersensitivity reactions, from mild, delayed-onset cutaneous reactions to life-threatening anaphylaxis in patients with immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy. phenio.json CHEBI:23075 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycotetraosylceramide An oligoglycosylceramide consisting of a glycotetraosyl moiety attached to the ceramide oxygen with an unspecified N-acyl substituent attached to the ceramide nitrogen. phenio.json CHEBI:23079 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cerebroside Any member of a group of glycosphingolipids, also known as monoglycosylceramides, which are important components in animal muscle and nerve cell membranes. phenio.json CHEBI:23089 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chelate-forming peptide phenio.json CHEBI:23114 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chloride salt phenio.json CHEBI:23116 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chlorine atom phenio.json CHEBI:23117 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chlorine molecular entity A halogen molecular entity containing one or more atoms of chlorine. phenio.json CHEBI:23123 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chloroacetate A haloacetate(1-) resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of chloroacetic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:23132 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chlorobenzenes Any organochlorine compound containing a benzene ring which is substituted by one or more chlorines. phenio.json CHEBI:23135 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chlorobenzophenone A member of the class of benzophenones that is any substituted benzophenone in which at least one of the substituents is a chlorine. phenio.json CHEBI:23213 biolink:ChemicalSubstance choline ester phenio.json CHEBI:23217 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholines A quaternary ammonium ion based on the choline ion and its substituted derivatives thereof. phenio.json CHEBI:23229 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chromanol Any member of the class of chromanes that is chromane substituted by one or more hydroxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:23230 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chromanes phenio.json CHEBI:23232 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chromenes phenio.json CHEBI:23239 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chromopeptide phenio.json CHEBI:23240 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chromophore The part (atom or group of atoms) of a molecular entity in which the electronic transition responsible for a given spectral band is approximately localized. phenio.json CHEBI:23324 biolink:ChemicalSubstance citrullines phenio.json CHEBI:23333 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cob(III)alamins phenio.json CHEBI:23334 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cobalamins phenio.json CHEBI:23341 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cobamides phenio.json CHEBI:23354 biolink:ChemicalSubstance coenzyme A low-molecular-weight, non-protein organic compound participating in enzymatic reactions as dissociable acceptor or donor of chemical groups or electrons. phenio.json CHEBI:23357 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cofactor An organic molecule or ion (usually a metal ion) that is required by an enzyme for its activity. It may be attached either loosely (coenzyme) or tightly (prosthetic group). phenio.json CHEBI:23359 biolink:ChemicalSubstance colchicine An alkaloid that is a carbotricyclic compound comprising 5,6,7,9-tetrahydrobenzo[a]heptalene having four methoxy substituents at the 1-, 2-, 3- and 10-positions as well as an oxo group at the 9-position and an acetamido group at the 7-position. It has been isolated from the plants belonging to genus Colchicum. phenio.json CHEBI:23366 biolink:ChemicalSubstance compatible osmolytes phenio.json CHEBI:23367 biolink:ChemicalSubstance molecular entity Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. phenio.json CHEBI:23377 biolink:ChemicalSubstance copper molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:23378 biolink:ChemicalSubstance copper cation phenio.json CHEBI:23390 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cobalt-corrinoid hexaamide phenio.json CHEBI:23403 biolink:ChemicalSubstance coumarins phenio.json CHEBI:23414 biolink:ChemicalSubstance copper(II) sulfate A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion. phenio.json CHEBI:23423 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pseudohalogen oxoacid phenio.json CHEBI:23424 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyanides Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N. phenio.json CHEBI:23443 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic amide phenio.json CHEBI:23447 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic nucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:23449 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic peptide phenio.json CHEBI:23451 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclitol A polyol consisting of a cycloalkane containing at least three hydroxy groups, each attached to a different ring carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:23482 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclohexanones Any alicyclic ketone based on a cyclohexane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof. phenio.json CHEBI:23503 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one A member of the class of oxazolidines that is isoxazoldin-3-one which is substituted at position 4 by an amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:23505 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cystathionines phenio.json CHEBI:23509 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cysteine derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of cysteine at the amino group, carboxy group, or thiol group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of cysteine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing cysteine residues. phenio.json CHEBI:23521 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cytidine 5'-phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:23523 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cytidine phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:23618 biolink:ChemicalSubstance deoxycortisol A 3,20-dioxo steroid having the structure of cortisol but lacking one or more of its hydroxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:23622 biolink:ChemicalSubstance deoxygalactose phenio.json CHEBI:23628 biolink:ChemicalSubstance deoxyhexose Any C6 deoxy sugar having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen. phenio.json CHEBI:23636 biolink:ChemicalSubstance deoxyribonucleoside phenio.json CHEBI:23639 biolink:ChemicalSubstance deoxy sugar Any sugar having a hydroxy group replaced with a hydrogen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:23643 biolink:ChemicalSubstance depsipeptide A natural or synthetic compound having a sequence of amino and hydroxy carboxylic acid residues (usually alpha-amino and alpha-hydroxy acids), commonly but not necessarily regularly alternating. phenio.json CHEBI:23666 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diamine Any polyamine that contains two amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:23677 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diazole Either one of a pair of heterocyclic organic compounds comprising three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms arranged in a ring. phenio.json CHEBI:23690 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic acid amide phenio.json CHEBI:23697 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dichlorobenzene Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying two chloro groups at unspecified positions. phenio.json CHEBI:23763 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrroline Any organic heteromonocyclic compound with a structure based on a dihydropyrrole. phenio.json CHEBI:23765 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quinolone phenio.json CHEBI:237958 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(9H-purin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphonato}oxy)(phosphonatooxy)phosphinate phenio.json CHEBI:23824 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diol A compound that contains two hydroxy groups, generally assumed to be, but not necessarily, alcoholic. Aliphatic diols are also called glycols. phenio.json CHEBI:23849 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diterpenoid Any terpenoid derived from a diterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C20 skeleton of the parent diterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups). phenio.json CHEBI:23853 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dithiol phenio.json CHEBI:23858 biolink:ChemicalSubstance behenate A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of behenic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group. phenio.json CHEBI:23870 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dodecyl group phenio.json CHEBI:23872 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dodecyl sulfate phenio.json CHEBI:23888 biolink:ChemicalSubstance drug Any substance which when absorbed into a living organism may modify one or more of its functions. The term is generally accepted for a substance taken for a therapeutic purpose, but is also commonly used for abused substances. phenio.json CHEBI:23899 biolink:ChemicalSubstance icosanoid Any member of the group of signalling molecules arising from oxidation of the three C20 essential fatty acids (EFAs) icosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA) and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA). phenio.json CHEBI:23905 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic anion phenio.json CHEBI:23906 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic cation phenio.json CHEBI:23924 biolink:ChemicalSubstance enzyme inhibitor A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. phenio.json CHEBI:23953 biolink:ChemicalSubstance erythromycins phenio.json CHEBI:23955 biolink:ChemicalSubstance erythronolide phenio.json CHEBI:23965 biolink:ChemicalSubstance estradiol A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17. phenio.json CHEBI:23966 biolink:ChemicalSubstance estrane phenio.json CHEBI:23976 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethanediol Any diol that is ethane or substituted ethane carrying two hydroxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:23981 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethanolamines phenio.json CHEBI:23982 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethanols Any primary alcohol based on an ethanol skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:23990 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethyl ester Any carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid with ethanol. phenio.json CHEBI:24020 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fat-soluble vitamin (role) Any vitamin that dissolves in fats and are stored in body tissues. Unlike the water-soluble vitamins, they are stored in the body for long periods of time and generally pose a greater risk for toxicity when consumed in excess. phenio.json CHEBI:24026 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty alcohol An aliphatic alcohol consisting of a chain of 3 to greater than 27 carbon atoms. Fatty alcohols may be saturated or unsaturated and may be branched or unbranched. phenio.json CHEBI:24061 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluorine atom phenio.json CHEBI:24062 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluorine molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:24067 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluoroalkane A haloalkane that is an alkane in which at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced by a fluorine atom. phenio.json CHEBI:24068 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluoroamino acid An organofluorine compound that consists of an amino acid substituted by a fluoro group. phenio.json CHEBI:24079 biolink:ChemicalSubstance formamides Amides with the general formula R(1)R(2)NCHO (R(1) and R(2) can be H). phenio.json CHEBI:24099 biolink:ChemicalSubstance formyltetrahydrofolic acid phenio.json CHEBI:24103 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fructosamine phenio.json CHEBI:24127 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fungicide A substance used to destroy fungal pests. phenio.json CHEBI:24129 biolink:ChemicalSubstance furans Compounds containing at least one furan ring. phenio.json CHEBI:24148 biolink:ChemicalSubstance galactonate phenio.json CHEBI:24149 biolink:ChemicalSubstance galactonic acid A hexonic acid that has been found to increase in red blood cells of galactosemic patients. phenio.json CHEBI:24261 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucocorticoid Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that regulate a variety of physiological processes, in particular control of the concentration of glucose in blood. phenio.json CHEBI:24265 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gluconate phenio.json CHEBI:24266 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gluconic acid phenio.json CHEBI:24271 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucosamines Any hexosamine that is glucose in which at least one of the hydroxy groups has been replaced by an amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:24278 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucoside phenio.json CHEBI:24280 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glucosyl group The glucosyl group formed from D-glucopyranose. phenio.json CHEBI:24281 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucosyl group A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a glucose and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having glucose at the reducing end. phenio.json CHEBI:24315 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutamic acid derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of glutamic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing glutamic acid residues. phenio.json CHEBI:24318 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutamine family amino acid An L-alpha-amino acid which is L-glutamic acid or any of the essential amino acids biosynthesised from it (glutamine, proline and arginine). A closed class. phenio.json CHEBI:24319 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 6.3.1.2 (glutamate--ammonia ligase) inhibitor An EC 6.3.* (C-N bond-forming ligase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of glutamate--ammonia ligase (EC 6.3.1.2). phenio.json CHEBI:24329 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutarate A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of glutaric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:24337 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutathione derivative Any organonitrogen compound derived from the Glu-Cys-Gly tripeptide glutathione. phenio.json CHEBI:24353 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycerol ether Any ether having glyceryl as at least one of the O-substituents. phenio.json CHEBI:24360 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycerophosphoglycerols phenio.json CHEBI:24373 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycine derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of glycine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:24384 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycogens phenio.json CHEBI:24396 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycopeptide Any carbohydrate derivative that consists of glycan moieties covalently attached to the side chains of the amino acid residues that constitute the peptide. phenio.json CHEBI:24400 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycoside A glycosyl compound resulting from the attachment of a glycosyl group to a non-acyl group RO-, RS-, RSe-, etc. The bond between the glycosyl group and the non-acyl group is called a glycosidic bond. By extension, the terms N-glycosides and C-glycosides are used as class names for glycosylamines and for compounds having a glycosyl group attached to a hydrocarbyl group respectively. These terms are misnomers and should not be used. The preferred terms are glycosylamines and C-glycosyl compounds, respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:24402 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycosphingolipid A glycosphingolipid is a glycolipid that is a carbohydrate-containing derivative of a sphingoid or ceramide. It is understood that the carbohydrate residue is attached by a glycosidic linkage to O-1 of the sphingoid. phenio.json CHEBI:24403 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycosyl group An organic group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide or oligosaccharide derivative. phenio.json CHEBI:24405 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycosylglucose phenio.json CHEBI:24431 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chemical entity A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances. phenio.json CHEBI:24432 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biological role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biological context. phenio.json CHEBI:24433 biolink:ChemicalSubstance group A defined linked collection of atoms or a single atom within a molecular entity. phenio.json CHEBI:24436 biolink:ChemicalSubstance guanidines Any organonitrogen compound containing a carbamimidamido (guanidino) group. Guanidines have the general structure (R(1)R(2)N)(R(3)R(4)N)C=N-R(5) and are related structurally to amidines and ureas. phenio.json CHEBI:24455 biolink:ChemicalSubstance guanosine phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:24458 biolink:ChemicalSubstance guanosines Any purine ribonucleoside that is a derivative of guanosine. phenio.json CHEBI:24469 biolink:ChemicalSubstance haloalkane A halohydrocarbon that is an alkane in which at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced by with a halogen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:24470 biolink:ChemicalSubstance haloamino acid Any non-proteinogenic amino acid carrying at least one halo group. phenio.json CHEBI:24471 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halogen molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:24472 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halohydrocarbon A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:24473 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halogen phenio.json CHEBI:24500 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heparan phenio.json CHEBI:24505 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heparins phenio.json CHEBI:24527 biolink:ChemicalSubstance herbicide A substance used to destroy plant pests. phenio.json CHEBI:24531 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heterocyclic antibiotic phenio.json CHEBI:24532 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic heterocyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of carbon and at least of one other element. phenio.json CHEBI:24533 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heterodetic cyclic peptide A heterodetic cyclic peptide is a peptide consisting only of amino-acid residues, but in which the linkages forming the ring are not solely peptide bonds; one or more is an isopeptide, disulfide, ester, or other bond. phenio.json CHEBI:24545 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexadecatrienoic acid Any trienoic fatty acid having sixteen carbons. phenio.json CHEBI:24580 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexenoic acid A C6, medium-chain fatty acid carrying a double bond at any position along the main chain. phenio.json CHEBI:24583 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexitol phenio.json CHEBI:24586 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexosamine Any 6-carbon amino monosaccharide with at least one alcoholic hydroxy group replaced by an amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:24588 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexose 1-phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:24599 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histidine derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of histidine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of histidine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing alanine residues. phenio.json CHEBI:24610 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homocysteines phenio.json CHEBI:24612 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homocystines A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid obtained by oxidative dimerisation of homocysteine and its derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:24613 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homodetic cyclic peptide A homodetic cyclic peptide is a cyclic peptide in which the ring consists solely of amino-acid residues in peptide linkages. phenio.json CHEBI:24621 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hormone Originally referring to an endogenous compound that is formed in specialized organ or group of cells and carried to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory function, the term is now commonly used to include non-endogenous, semi-synthetic and fully synthetic analogues of such compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:24628 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imidazolidine-2,4-dione An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4. phenio.json CHEBI:24632 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrocarbon A compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only. phenio.json CHEBI:24644 biolink:ChemicalSubstance HPETE Mono-hydroperoxy (e)icosatetraenoic acids (HPETEs) are the primary products of lipoxygenase-catalysed oxygenation of arachidonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:24648 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxamic acid anion An oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from the hydroxy group of any hydroxamic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:24650 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxamic acid A compound, RkE(=O)lNHOH, derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH) (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH with -NHOH, and derivatives thereof. Specific examples of hydroxamic acids are preferably named as N-hydroxy amides. phenio.json CHEBI:24651 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxides Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing a hydroxy group or salts containing hydroxide (OH(-)). phenio.json CHEBI:24654 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy fatty acid Any fatty acid carrying one or more hydroxy substituents. phenio.json CHEBI:24662 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy-amino acid A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid bearing one or more hydroxy groups at unspecified positions. phenio.json CHEBI:24663 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid Any member of the class of 5beta-cholanic acids carrying at least one hydroxy group at unspecified position. phenio.json CHEBI:24669 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy carboxylic acid Any carboxylic acid with at least one hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:24675 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxybenzoate Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:24676 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxybenzoic acid Any benzoic acid carrying one or more phenolic hydroxy groups on the benzene ring. phenio.json CHEBI:24684 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxybutyric acid Any compound comprising a butyric acid core carrying at least one hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:24709 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxylamines Hydroxylamine, H2N-OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:24712 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxymethyl group phenio.json CHEBI:24734 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxyphenylalanine phenio.json CHEBI:24741 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxyproline A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:24745 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxypyridine Any member of the class of pyridines with at least one hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:24753 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hygromycin phenio.json CHEBI:24757 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hypochlorous acid A chlorine oxoacid with formula HOCl; a weak, unstable acid, it is the active form of chlorine in water. phenio.json CHEBI:24780 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imidazoles A five-membered organic heterocycle containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, or any of its derivatives; compounds containing an imidazole skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:24782 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imide phenio.json CHEBI:24797 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indole phytoalexin phenio.json CHEBI:24803 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indole-3-acetic acids An indol-3-yl carboxylic acid in which the carboxylic acid specified is acetic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:24810 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indol-3-yl carboxylic acid Any indolyl carboxylic acid carrying an indol-3-yl or substituted indol-3-yl group. phenio.json CHEBI:24828 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indoles Any compound containing an indole skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:24829 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indolones phenio.json CHEBI:24833 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxoacid A compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons). phenio.json CHEBI:24834 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic anion phenio.json CHEBI:24835 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic molecular entity A molecular entity that contains no carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:24836 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic oxide phenio.json CHEBI:24837 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic peroxide Compounds of structure ROOR' in which R and R' are inorganic groups. phenio.json CHEBI:24838 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic phosphate Any phosphate that contains no carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:24839 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic salt phenio.json CHEBI:24840 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic sulfate salt phenio.json CHEBI:24843 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inosine phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:24848 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inositol Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol. phenio.json CHEBI:24852 biolink:ChemicalSubstance insecticide Strictly, a substance intended to kill members of the class Insecta. In common usage, any substance used for preventing, destroying, repelling or controlling insects. phenio.json CHEBI:24858 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iodide salt phenio.json CHEBI:24859 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iodine atom Chemical element with atomic number 53. phenio.json CHEBI:24860 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iodine molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:24862 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iodoamino acid An amino acid containing at least one iodo substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:24863 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iodophenol phenio.json CHEBI:24864 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iodothyronine An iodoamino acid in which the amino acid specified is thyronine. phenio.json CHEBI:24866 biolink:ChemicalSubstance salt A salt is an assembly of cations and anions. phenio.json CHEBI:24867 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic ion phenio.json CHEBI:24868 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic salt phenio.json CHEBI:24869 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ionophore A compound which can carry specific ions through membranes of cells or organelles. phenio.json CHEBI:24870 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ion A molecular entity having a net electric charge. phenio.json CHEBI:24873 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iron molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:24875 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iron cation phenio.json CHEBI:24897 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoindoles phenio.json CHEBI:24898 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoleucine A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:24913 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoprenoid Any lipid formally derived from isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene), the skeleton of which can generally be discerned in repeated occurrence in the molecule. The skeleton of isoprenoids may differ from strict additivity of isoprene units by loss or shift of a fragment, commonly a methyl group. The class includes both hydrocarbons and oxygenated derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:24921 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoquinoline alkaloid Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine. phenio.json CHEBI:24922 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoquinolines A class of organic heteropolycyclic compound consisting of isoquinoline and its substitution derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:24951 biolink:ChemicalSubstance kanamycins phenio.json CHEBI:24960 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketoaldehyde Any compound that has an aldehydic and ketonic group in the same molecule. phenio.json CHEBI:24961 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketoaldonate phenio.json CHEBI:24963 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketoaldonic acid Oxo carboxylic acids formally derived from aldonic acids by replacement of a secondary CHOH group by a carbonyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:24973 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketohexose Any hexose containing a single ketone group. phenio.json CHEBI:24978 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketose Ketonic parent sugars (polyhydroxy ketones H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)[CH(OH)]mH) and their intramolecular hemiketals. phenio.json CHEBI:24995 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lactam Cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. phenio.json CHEBI:24996 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lactate A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of lactic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:25000 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lactone Any cyclic carboxylic ester containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure, or an analogue having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. phenio.json CHEBI:25016 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lead atom phenio.json CHEBI:25017 biolink:ChemicalSubstance leucine A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:25022 biolink:ChemicalSubstance leucomycin phenio.json CHEBI:25029 biolink:ChemicalSubstance leukotriene Any icosanoid from that family of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives generated by leukocytes from arachidonic acid, each member having four double bonds of which three are conjugated. phenio.json CHEBI:25036 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lignan Any phenylpropanoid derived from phenylalanine via dimerization of substituted cinnamic alcohols, known as monolignols, to a dibenzylbutane skeleton. Note that while individual members of the class have names ending ...lignane, ...lignene, ...lignadiene, etc., the class names lignan, neolignan, etc., do not end with an "e". phenio.json CHEBI:25046 biolink:ChemicalSubstance linear tetrapyrrole phenio.json CHEBI:25061 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lipopeptide antibiotic phenio.json CHEBI:25094 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lysine A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6. phenio.json CHEBI:25095 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-lysine derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-lysine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-lysine by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:25105 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macrolide antibiotic A macrocyclic lactone with a ring of twelve or more members which exhibits antibiotic activity. phenio.json CHEBI:25106 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macrolide A macrocyclic lactone with a ring of twelve or more members derived from a polyketide. phenio.json CHEBI:25107 biolink:ChemicalSubstance magnesium atom phenio.json CHEBI:25108 biolink:ChemicalSubstance magnesium molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:25115 biolink:ChemicalSubstance malate A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of malic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:25147 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mandelate phenio.json CHEBI:25154 biolink:ChemicalSubstance manganese molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:25155 biolink:ChemicalSubstance manganese cation phenio.json CHEBI:25179 biolink:ChemicalSubstance melanins phenio.json CHEBI:25189 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group. phenio.json CHEBI:25195 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mercury atom phenio.json CHEBI:25212 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metabolite Any intermediate or product resulting from metabolism. The term 'metabolite' subsumes the classes commonly known as primary and secondary metabolites. phenio.json CHEBI:25213 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metal cation phenio.json CHEBI:25216 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metalloporphyrin phenio.json CHEBI:25223 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methanesulfonate ester An organosulfonic ester resulting from the formal condensation of methanesulfonic acid with the hydroxy group of an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol. phenio.json CHEBI:25224 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methanesulfonate A 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate that is the conjugate base of methanesulfonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:25235 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monomethoxybenzene Compounds containing a benzene skeleton substituted with one methoxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:25248 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methyl ester Any carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxy group with methanol. phenio.json CHEBI:25255 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methyl methanesulfonate A methanesulfonate ester resulting from the formal condensation of methanesulfonic acid with methanol. phenio.json CHEBI:25274 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylamines phenio.json CHEBI:25340 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylpyridines Any member of the class of pyridines that carries at least one methyl substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:25345 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methyltetrahydrofolate A group of heterocyclic compounds based on the N-methylated 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroic acid skeleton conjugated with one or more L-glutamic acid or L-glutamate units. phenio.json CHEBI:25348 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylxanthine phenio.json CHEBI:25354 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mineralocorticoid Mineralocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that regulate water and electrolyte metabolism. phenio.json CHEBI:25355 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor phenio.json CHEBI:25362 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental molecule A molecule all atoms of which have the same atomic number. phenio.json CHEBI:25367 biolink:ChemicalSubstance molecule Any polyatomic entity that is an electrically neutral entity consisting of more than one atom. phenio.json CHEBI:25375 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoamine molecular messenger A group of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-). Monoamines are derived from the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan. phenio.json CHEBI:25384 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monocarboxylic acid An oxoacid containing a single carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:25388 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monohydroxybenzoate A hydroxybenzoate carrying a single hydroxy substituent at unspecified position. phenio.json CHEBI:25389 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monohydroxybenzoic acid Any hydroxybenzoic acid having a single phenolic hydroxy substituent on the benzene ring. phenio.json CHEBI:25413 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monounsaturated fatty acid Any fatty acid with one double or triple bond in the fatty acid chain and singly bonded carbon atoms in the rest of the chain. MUFAs have positive effects on the cardiovascular system, and in diabetes treatment. phenio.json CHEBI:25414 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic monocation phenio.json CHEBI:25418 biolink:ChemicalSubstance morphinane alkaloid An isoquinoline alkaloid based on a morphinan skeleton and its substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:25430 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic polycation phenio.json CHEBI:25435 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mutagen An agent that increases the frequency of mutations above the normal background level, usually by interacting directly with DNA and causing it damage, including base substitution. phenio.json CHEBI:25442 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mycotoxin Poisonous substance produced by fungi. phenio.json CHEBI:25471 biolink:ChemicalSubstance naphthalenemonosulfonate phenio.json CHEBI:25477 biolink:ChemicalSubstance naphthalenes Any benzenoid aromatic compound having a skeleton composed of two ortho-fused benzene rings. phenio.json CHEBI:25478 biolink:ChemicalSubstance naphthalenesulfonate phenio.json CHEBI:25481 biolink:ChemicalSubstance naphthoquinone A polycyclic aromatic ketone metabolite of naphthalene. phenio.json CHEBI:25491 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nematicide A substance used to destroy pests of the phylum Nematoda (roundworms). phenio.json CHEBI:25500 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neopterins phenio.json CHEBI:25506 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neuraminates phenio.json CHEBI:25508 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neuraminic acids phenio.json CHEBI:25512 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neurotransmitter An endogenous compound that is used to transmit information across the synapse between a neuron and another cell. phenio.json CHEBI:25513 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neutral glycosphingolipid Any glycosphingolipid containing unsubstituted glycosyl moieties. phenio.json CHEBI:25523 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NADP Abbreviation for nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate when its oxidation state is unknown or unspecified. phenio.json CHEBI:25524 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NAD(P) A coenzyme that may be NAD or NADP. phenio.json CHEBI:25527 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nicotinamide nucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:25529 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridinecarboxamide A member of the class of pyridines that is a substituted pyridine in which at least one of the substituents is a carboxamide or N-substituted caraboxamide group. phenio.json CHEBI:25534 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nicotinic acid nucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:2555 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldicarb The oxime carbamate resulting from the addition of 2-methyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)propanaldoxime to methyl isocyanate. A member of the class of oxime carbamate insecticides, aldicarb is a mixture of E and Z isomers; it is not known which isomer is more active. phenio.json CHEBI:25555 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrogen atom phenio.json CHEBI:25558 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic phenio.json CHEBI:25567 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrous acid phenio.json CHEBI:25585 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nonmetal atom phenio.json CHEBI:2559 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldohexose 6-phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:25604 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleotide-(amino alcohol)s phenio.json CHEBI:25605 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside antibiotic phenio.json CHEBI:25608 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside phosphate A nucleobase-containing molecular entity that is a nucleoside in which one or more of the sugar hydroxy groups has been converted into a mono- or poly-phosphate. The term includes both nucleotides and non-nucleotide nucleoside phosphates. phenio.json CHEBI:25626 biolink:ChemicalSubstance octadecadienoate A long-chain, unsaturated fatty acid anion formed by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any octadecadienoic acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:25627 biolink:ChemicalSubstance octadecadienoic acid Any straight-chain, C18 polyunsaturated fatty acid having two C=C double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:25629 biolink:ChemicalSubstance octadecanoate A fatty acid anion 18:0 that is the conjugate base of octadecanoic acid (stearic acid). Stearates have a variety of uses in the pharmaceutical industry. phenio.json CHEBI:25675 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oligomycin Any of the 26-membered ring macrolides produced by Streptomyces species that can be toxic to other organisms through their ability to inhibit mitochondrial membrane-bound ATP synthases. phenio.json CHEBI:25676 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oligopeptide A peptide containing a relatively small number of amino acids. phenio.json CHEBI:25681 biolink:ChemicalSubstance omega-3 fatty acid A family of polyunsaturated fatty acids that have in common a final carbon-carbon double bond in the omega-3 position, i.e., the third bond from the methyl end of the fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:25693 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic heteromonocyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:25696 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic anion Any organic ion with a net negative charge. phenio.json CHEBI:25697 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic cation Any organic ion with a net positive charge. phenio.json CHEBI:25698 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ether An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen. phenio.json CHEBI:25699 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic ion phenio.json CHEBI:25701 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic oxide An oxide in which the oxygen atom is bonded to a carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:25703 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:25704 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic sulfate Compounds of the general formula SO3HOR where R is an organyl group phenio.json CHEBI:2571 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aliphatic alcohol An alcohol derived from an aliphatic compound. phenio.json CHEBI:25710 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organophosphorus compound An organophosphorus compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-phosphorus bond, but the term is often extended to include esters and thioesters. phenio.json CHEBI:25728 biolink:ChemicalSubstance osmolyte A solute used by a cell under water stress to maintain cell volume. phenio.json CHEBI:25741 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxide An oxide is a chemical compound of oxygen with other chemical elements. phenio.json CHEBI:25750 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxime Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes. phenio.json CHEBI:25754 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo carboxylic acid Any compound that has an aldehydic or ketonic group as well as a carboxylic acid group in the same molecule. phenio.json CHEBI:25798 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxopentanoates The conjugate base of any oxopentanoic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:25799 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxopentanoic acid A C5 fatty acid carrying an oxo group at any position. phenio.json CHEBI:2580 biolink:ChemicalSubstance unsaturated fatty acid anion Any fatty acid anion containing at least one C-C unsaturated bond; formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:25801 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxoproline A pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid consisting of proline bearing a single oxo substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:25805 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxygen atom phenio.json CHEBI:25806 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxygen molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:25807 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic phenio.json CHEBI:25810 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxopurine phenio.json CHEBI:25830 biolink:ChemicalSubstance p-quinones A quinone in which the two oxo groups of the quinone are located para to each other on the 6-membered quinonoid ring. phenio.json CHEBI:25835 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexadecanoate ester A fatty acid ester obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of palmitic acid with a hydroxy group of an alcohol or phenol. phenio.json CHEBI:25865 biolink:ChemicalSubstance penicillanic acids phenio.json CHEBI:25899 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pentitol An alditol obtained by reduction of any pentose. phenio.json CHEBI:25900 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldopentose phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:25901 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pentose A five-carbon monosaccharide which in its linear form contains either an aldehyde group at position 1 (aldopentose) or a ketone group at position 2 (ketopentose). phenio.json CHEBI:25903 biolink:ChemicalSubstance peptide antibiotic A chemically diverse class of peptides that exhibit antimicrobial properties. phenio.json CHEBI:25905 biolink:ChemicalSubstance peptide hormone Any peptide with hormonal activity in animals, whether endocrine, neuroendocrine, or paracrine. phenio.json CHEBI:25940 biolink:ChemicalSubstance peroxides Compounds of structure ROOR'. phenio.json CHEBI:25941 biolink:ChemicalSubstance peroxynitrite The nitrogen oxoanion formed by loss of a proton from peroxynitrous acid. phenio.json CHEBI:25942 biolink:ChemicalSubstance peroxynitrous acid phenio.json CHEBI:25944 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pesticide Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests. phenio.json CHEBI:25978 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenylacetic acids Any monocarboxylic acid that is phenylacetic acid or its substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:25985 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenylalanine derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of alanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of phenylalanine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing phenylalanine residues. phenio.json CHEBI:25990 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenylethanolamines An ethanolamine compound having a phenyl (substituted or unsubstituted) group on the carbon bearing the hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:26004 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenylpropanoid Any organic aromatic compound with a structure based on a phenylpropane skeleton. The class includes naturally occurring phenylpropanoid esters, flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins and many small phenolic molecules as well as their semi-synthetic and synthetic analogues. Phenylpropanoids are also precursors of lignin. phenio.json CHEBI:26020 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphate Salts and esters of phosphoric and oligophosphoric acids and their chalcogen analogues. In inorganic chemistry, the term is also used to describe anionic coordination entities with phosphorus as central atom. phenio.json CHEBI:26034 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate A phosphatidylinositol monophosphate carrying the phosphate group at the 3-position. phenio.json CHEBI:26036 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylinositol monophosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26045 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphite ion phenio.json CHEBI:26069 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphonic acids HP(=O)(OH)2 (phosphonic acid) and its P-substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:26078 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphoric acid A phosphorus oxoacid that consists of one oxo and three hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central phosphorus atom. phenio.json CHEBI:26079 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphoric acid derivative phenio.json CHEBI:26082 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphorus molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:26094 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzenedicarboxylic acid A member of the class of benzoic acids in that consists of benzene substituted by two carboxy groups (A closed class). phenio.json CHEBI:26115 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phytoalexin A toxin made by a plant that acts against an organism attacking it. phenio.json CHEBI:26124 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phytosteroid phenio.json CHEBI:26125 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phytosterols Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:26130 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biological pigment An endogenous molecular entity that results in a colour of an organism as the consequence of the selective absorption of light. phenio.json CHEBI:26144 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperazines phenio.json CHEBI:26145 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperideine phenio.json CHEBI:26148 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperidinemonocarboxylic acid Any member of the class of piperidines in which one of the carbons of the piperidine ring is substituted by a carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:26151 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperidines phenio.json CHEBI:26155 biolink:ChemicalSubstance plant growth regulator A chemical, natural or artificial, that can affect the rate of growth of a plant. phenio.json CHEBI:26167 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polar amino acid Any amino acid whose side chain is capable of forming one or more hydrogen bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:26177 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyene antibiotic A family of antibiotics containing a conjugated polyene moiety, usuallly isolated from some species of Streptomyces. phenio.json CHEBI:26188 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyketide Natural and synthetic compounds containing alternating carbonyl and methylene groups ('beta-polyketones'), biogenetically derived from repeated condensation of acetyl coenzyme A (via malonyl coenzyme A), and usually the compounds derived from them by further condensations, etc. Considered by many to be synonymous with the less frequently used terms acetogenins and ketides. phenio.json CHEBI:26191 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyol A compound that contains two or more hydroxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:26195 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyphenol Members of the class of phenols that contain 2 or more benzene rings each of which is substituted by at least one hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:26199 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyprenol Any member of the class of prenols possessing the general formula H-[CH2C(Me)=CHCH2]nOH in which the carbon skeleton is composed of more than one isoprene units. phenio.json CHEBI:26208 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyunsaturated fatty acid Any fatty acid containing more than one double bond. Acids in this group are reported to have cardioprotective effects; and levels are lowered in chronic fatigue syndrome. phenio.json CHEBI:26214 biolink:ChemicalSubstance porphyrins Natural pigments containing a fundamental skeleton of four pyrrole nuclei united through the alpha-positions by four methine groups to form a macrocyclic structure. phenio.json CHEBI:26216 biolink:ChemicalSubstance potassium atom phenio.json CHEBI:26217 biolink:ChemicalSubstance potassium molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:26218 biolink:ChemicalSubstance potassium salt Any alkali metal salt having potassium(1+) as the cation. phenio.json CHEBI:26244 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prenols Any alcohol possessing the general formula H-[CH2C(Me)=CHCH2]nOH in which the carbon skeleton is composed of one or more isoprene units (biogenetic precursors of the isoprenoids). phenio.json CHEBI:26255 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prenylquinone A quinone substituted by a polyprenyl-derived side-chain. Prenylquinones occur in all living cells. Due to their amphiphilic character, they are mainly located in biological membranes where they function as electron and proton carriers in the photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport chains. Some prenylquinones also perform more specialised roles sucy as antioxidants and enzyme cofactors. Prenylquinones are classified according to ring structure: the main classes are menaquinones, phylloquinones, ubiquinones and plastoquinones. phenio.json CHEBI:26271 biolink:ChemicalSubstance proline An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:26273 biolink:ChemicalSubstance proline derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of proline by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing proline residues. phenio.json CHEBI:26282 biolink:ChemicalSubstance propanals An aldehyde based on a propanal skeleton and its derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:26284 biolink:ChemicalSubstance propane-1,2-diols phenio.json CHEBI:26288 biolink:ChemicalSubstance propanediol phenio.json CHEBI:26333 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostaglandin Naturally occurring compounds derived from the parent C20 acid, prostanoic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:26338 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostaglandins E phenio.json CHEBI:2634 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amidine Derivatives of oxoacids RnE(=O)OH in which the hydroxy group is replaced by an amino group and the oxo group is replaced by =NR. In organic chemistry an unspecified amidine is commonly a carboxamidine. phenio.json CHEBI:26340 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostaglandins F phenio.json CHEBI:26347 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostanoid The family of natural prostaglandins and prostaglandin-like compounds including prostacyclins and thromboxanes. phenio.json CHEBI:26348 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prosthetic group A tightly bound, specific nonpolypeptide unit in a protein determining and involved in its biological activity. phenio.json CHEBI:26355 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heme b A metalloprotoporphyrin in which the four pyrrole nitrogens of the protoporphyrin moiety are coordinated to iron. It is the most abundant of the heme compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:26361 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protoporphyrins phenio.json CHEBI:2637 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amikacin An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group. phenio.json CHEBI:26373 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pteridines phenio.json CHEBI:26375 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pterins phenio.json CHEBI:26385 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine alkaloid phenio.json CHEBI:26386 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine nucleobase A nucleobase whose skeleton is derived from purine. phenio.json CHEBI:26391 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine nucleoside diphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26392 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine nucleoside monophosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26393 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine nucleoside triphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26394 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine nucleoside phenio.json CHEBI:26395 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine nucleotide Any nucleotide that has a purine nucleobase. phenio.json CHEBI:26396 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine ribonucleoside diphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26397 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine ribonucleoside monophosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26398 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine ribonucleoside triphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26399 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine ribonucleoside A ribonucleoside that has a purine moiety as the nucleobase (the R group in the illustration). phenio.json CHEBI:26400 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine ribonucleotide Any ribonucleotide that has a purine nucleobase. phenio.json CHEBI:26401 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purines A class of imidazopyrimidines that consists of purine and its substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:26407 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrans phenio.json CHEBI:26416 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridine alkaloid phenio.json CHEBI:26420 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridinemonocarboxylic acid A monocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is attached to a pyridine (or substituted pyridine) ring. phenio.json CHEBI:26421 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridines Any organonitrogen heterocyclic compound based on a pyridine skeleton and its substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:26432 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine nucleobase A nucleobase whose skeleton is derived from pyrimidine. phenio.json CHEBI:26437 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine nucleoside diphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26440 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine nucleoside phenio.json CHEBI:26441 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine nucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:26442 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine ribonucleoside diphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26446 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine ribonucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:26447 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:26455 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrroles An azole that includes only one N atom and no other heteroatom as a part of the aromatic skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:26456 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrrolidine alkaloid phenio.json CHEBI:26463 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyruvate family amino acid An L-alpha-amino acid which is biosynthesised from pyruvate (i.e. alanine, valine, and leucine). A closed class. phenio.json CHEBI:26469 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quaternary nitrogen compound A nitrogen molecular entity that is electronically neutral but which contains a quaternary nitrogen. phenio.json CHEBI:26509 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quinoline alkaloid phenio.json CHEBI:26512 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quinolinemonocarboxylic acid Any aromatic carboxylic acid that contains a quinoline moiety that is substituted by one carboxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:26513 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quinolines A class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds each of which contains a benzene ring ortho fused to carbons 2 and 3 of a pyridine ring. phenio.json CHEBI:26519 biolink:ChemicalSubstance radical A molecular entity possessing an unpaired electron. phenio.json CHEBI:26523 biolink:ChemicalSubstance reactive oxygen species Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers. phenio.json CHEBI:26534 biolink:ChemicalSubstance retinals phenio.json CHEBI:26536 biolink:ChemicalSubstance retinoic acid A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified). phenio.json CHEBI:26537 biolink:ChemicalSubstance retinoid Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof. phenio.json CHEBI:26547 biolink:ChemicalSubstance rhamnoside phenio.json CHEBI:26558 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleoside monophosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26561 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:26562 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribose phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26580 biolink:ChemicalSubstance rifamycins phenio.json CHEBI:26588 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,3,5-triazines Any compound with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton, in which nitrogen atoms replace carbon at positions 1, 3 and 5 of the core benzene ring structure. phenio.json CHEBI:26596 biolink:ChemicalSubstance salicylates Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:26605 biolink:ChemicalSubstance saponin A glycoside that is a compound containing one or more hydrophilic glycoside moieties combined with a lipophilic triterpenoid or steroid derivative. Found in particular abundance in plant species. phenio.json CHEBI:26606 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sapogenin Any organic polycyclic compound that is the aglycon moiety of a saponin; sapogenins may be steroids or triterpenoids. phenio.json CHEBI:26607 biolink:ChemicalSubstance saturated fatty acid Any fatty acid containing no carbon to carbon multiple bonds. Known to produce adverse biological effects when ingested to excess. phenio.json CHEBI:26649 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serine derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of serine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of serine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing serine residues. phenio.json CHEBI:26650 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serine family amino acid An L-alpha-amino acid which is biosynthesised from 3-phosphoglycerate (i.e. serine, glycine, cysteine and homocysteine). A closed class. phenio.json CHEBI:26658 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sesquiterpenoid Any terpenoid derived from a sesquiterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C15 skeleton of the parent sesquiterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups). phenio.json CHEBI:26666 biolink:ChemicalSubstance short-chain fatty acid An aliphatic monocarboxylic acid with a chain length of less than C6. If any non-hydrocarbon substituent is present, the compound is not normally regarded as a short-chain fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:26667 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sialic acid Any of the N-acylneuraminic acids and their esters and other derivatives of the alcoholic hydroxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:26677 biolink:ChemicalSubstance silicon molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:26706 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sn-glycerol 3-phosphates phenio.json CHEBI:26707 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycerol phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26708 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sodium atom phenio.json CHEBI:26710 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sodium chloride An inorganic chloride salt having sodium(1+) as the counterion. phenio.json CHEBI:26712 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sodium molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:26714 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sodium salt Any alkali metal salt having sodium(1+) as the cation. phenio.json CHEBI:26738 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingenine A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:26739 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingolipid Sphingolipids are a complex family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone. phenio.json CHEBI:26743 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphing-4-enine A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position. phenio.json CHEBI:2676 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amoxicillin A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group. phenio.json CHEBI:26761 biolink:ChemicalSubstance steroid antibiotic phenio.json CHEBI:26764 biolink:ChemicalSubstance steroid hormone Any steroid that acts as hormone. phenio.json CHEBI:26766 biolink:ChemicalSubstance steroid lactone phenio.json CHEBI:26775 biolink:ChemicalSubstance stilbene phenio.json CHEBI:26776 biolink:ChemicalSubstance stilbenoid Any olefinic compound characterised by a 1,2-diphenylethylene backbone. phenio.json CHEBI:26788 biolink:ChemicalSubstance streptomycins phenio.json CHEBI:2679 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amphetamine A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine. phenio.json CHEBI:26806 biolink:ChemicalSubstance succinate A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of succinic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:26816 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbohydrate phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:26819 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfuric ester An ester of an alcohol and sulfuric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:2682 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amphotericin B A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections. phenio.json CHEBI:26820 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfates Salts and esters of sulfuric acid phenio.json CHEBI:26822 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfide Any sulfur molecular entity that involves either covalently bonded or anionic sulfur. phenio.json CHEBI:26829 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfoglycolipid A sulfate ester of a glycolipid. phenio.json CHEBI:26830 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfonium compound phenio.json CHEBI:26833 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfur atom phenio.json CHEBI:26834 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfur-containing amino acid phenio.json CHEBI:26835 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfur molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:26836 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfuric acid A sulfur oxoacid that consists of two oxo and two hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central sulfur atom. phenio.json CHEBI:26873 biolink:ChemicalSubstance terpenoid Any isoprenoid that is a natural product or related compound formally derived from isoprene units. Terpenoids may contain oxygen in various functional groups. This class is subdivided according to the number of carbon atoms in the parent terpene. The skeleton of terpenoids may differ from strict additivity of isoprene units by the loss or shift of a fragment, generally a methyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:26878 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tertiary alcohol A tertiary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has three other carbon atoms attached to it. phenio.json CHEBI:26888 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetrachlorobenzene Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying four chloro groups at unspecified positions. phenio.json CHEBI:26895 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetracyclines A subclass of polyketides having an octahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide skeleton, substituted with many hydroxy and other groups. phenio.json CHEBI:26907 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetrahydrofolic acid A group of heterocyclic compounds based on the 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroic acid skeleton conjugated with one or more L-glutamic acid units. phenio.json CHEBI:26912 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxolanes Any oxacycle having an oxolane (tetrahydrofuran) skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:26921 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetrahydropyridine phenio.json CHEBI:26932 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetrapyrrole A natural pigment containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next. phenio.json CHEBI:26935 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetraterpenoid Any terpenoid derived from a tetraterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C40 skeleton of the parent tetraterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups). phenio.json CHEBI:26948 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin B1 Any member of the group of 1,3-thiazolium cations that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B1 deficiency in animals. Symptoms of vitamin B1 deficiency include constipation, loss of apetite, fatigue, nausea, delirium, blurry vision and muscle weakness. Severe vitamin B1 deficiency can also lead to a disease known as beriberi. Vitamin B1 consists of the vitamer thiamin and its acid, aldehyde and phosphorylated derivatives (and their corresponding ionized, salt and hydrate forms). phenio.json CHEBI:26952 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thioacetic acid phenio.json CHEBI:26959 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiocarboxylic ester An ester in which one or both oxygens of an ester group have been replaced by divalent sulfur. phenio.json CHEBI:26979 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic heterotricyclic compound An organic tricyclic compound in which at least one of the rings of the tricyclic skeleton contains one or more heteroatoms. phenio.json CHEBI:26981 biolink:ChemicalSubstance threitol phenio.json CHEBI:26986 biolink:ChemicalSubstance threonine An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:26995 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thromboxane A class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels. phenio.json CHEBI:2700 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anandamide An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine. phenio.json CHEBI:27013 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tocopherol A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain. phenio.json CHEBI:27024 biolink:ChemicalSubstance toluenes Any member of the class of benzenes that is a substituted benzene in which the substituents include one (and only one) methyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:27026 biolink:ChemicalSubstance toxin Poisonous substance produced by a biological organism such as a microbe, animal or plant. phenio.json CHEBI:27027 biolink:ChemicalSubstance micronutrient Any nutrient required in small quantities by organisms throughout their life in order to orchestrate a range of physiological functions. phenio.json CHEBI:27081 biolink:ChemicalSubstance transition element atom An element whose atom has an incomplete d sub-shell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell. phenio.json CHEBI:27092 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tricarboxylic acid trianion phenio.json CHEBI:27093 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tricarboxylic acid An oxoacid containing three carboxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:27096 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trichlorobenzene Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying three chloro substituents at unspecified positions. phenio.json CHEBI:27134 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trimethylxanthine phenio.json CHEBI:27136 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triol A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:27150 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trisaccharide phenio.json CHEBI:27153 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic trication phenio.json CHEBI:27162 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tryptamines Tryptamine and its substitution derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:27171 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic heterobicyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:27175 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tyramines Aralkylamino compounds which contain a tyramine skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:27177 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-tyrosine derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-tyrosine by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:27207 biolink:ChemicalSubstance univalent carboacyl group A univalent carboacyl group is a group formed by loss of OH from the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:27208 biolink:ChemicalSubstance unsaturated fatty acid Any fatty acid containing at least one C=C or C#C bond. phenio.json CHEBI:27216 biolink:ChemicalSubstance urate(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:27226 biolink:ChemicalSubstance uric acid An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism. phenio.json CHEBI:27242 biolink:ChemicalSubstance uridines phenio.json CHEBI:27247 biolink:ChemicalSubstance urocanate An monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of urocanic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:27248 biolink:ChemicalSubstance urocanic acid An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is prop-2-enoic acid substituted by a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. It is a metabolite of hidtidine. phenio.json CHEBI:27266 biolink:ChemicalSubstance valine A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:27283 biolink:ChemicalSubstance very long-chain fatty acid A fatty acid which has a chain length greater than C22. Very long-chain fatty acids which have a chain length greater than C27 are also known as ultra-long-chain fatty acids. phenio.json CHEBI:27300 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin D Any member of a group of fat-soluble hydroxy seco-steroids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D can be obtained from sun exposure, food and supplements and is biologically inactive and converted into the biologically active calcitriol via double hydroxylation in the body. phenio.json CHEBI:27306 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin B6 Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms). phenio.json CHEBI:27311 biolink:ChemicalSubstance volatile oil component Any plant metabolite that is found naturally as a component of a volatile oil. phenio.json CHEBI:27314 biolink:ChemicalSubstance water-soluble vitamin (role) Any vitamin that dissolves in water and readily absorbed into tissues for immediate use. Unlike the fat-soluble vitamins, they are not stored in the body and need to be replenished regularly in the diet and will rarely accumulate to toxic levels since they are quickly excreted from the body via urine. phenio.json CHEBI:27325 biolink:ChemicalSubstance xanthophyll A subclass of carotenoids consisting of the oxygenated carotenes. phenio.json CHEBI:27363 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zinc atom phenio.json CHEBI:27364 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zinc molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:27365 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zinc ion phenio.json CHEBI:27369 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zwitterion A neutral compound having formal unit electrical charges of opposite sign on non-adjacent atoms. Sometimes referred to as inner salts, dipolar ions (a misnomer). phenio.json CHEBI:27376 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methanesulfonic acid An alkanesulfonic acid in which the alkyl group directly linked to the sulfo functionality is methyl. phenio.json CHEBI:27389 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-aminoisobutyric acid A beta-amino-acid that is isobutyric acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by an amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:27405 biolink:ChemicalSubstance streptidine An amino cyclitol that is scyllo-inositol in which the hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3 are replaced by guanidino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:27412 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gentamycin C1 phenio.json CHEBI:27470 biolink:ChemicalSubstance folic acid An N-acyl-amino acid that is a form of the water-soluble vitamin B9. Its biologically active forms (tetrahydrofolate and others) are essential for nucleotide biosynthesis and homocysteine remethylation. phenio.json CHEBI:27547 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zeaxanthin phenio.json CHEBI:27551 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-methylcytosine A pyrimidine that is a derivative of cytosine, having a methyl group at the 5-position. phenio.json CHEBI:27560 biolink:ChemicalSubstance boron atom phenio.json CHEBI:27561 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxirane A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is a three-membered heterocycle of two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:27563 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arsenic atom phenio.json CHEBI:27565 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-aminosalicylic acid An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4. phenio.json CHEBI:27568 biolink:ChemicalSubstance selenium atom phenio.json CHEBI:27570 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histidine An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. phenio.json CHEBI:27573 biolink:ChemicalSubstance silicon atom phenio.json CHEBI:27584 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldosterone A pregnane-based steroidal hormone produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland, and acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney to cause the conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium, increased water retention, and increased blood pressure. The overall effect of aldosterone is to increase reabsorption of ions and water in the kidney. phenio.json CHEBI:27594 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon atom phenio.json CHEBI:27612 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydantoin phenio.json CHEBI:2762 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimycin A A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison. phenio.json CHEBI:27622 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vanillylmandelate A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of vanillylmandelic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:27638 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cobalt atom A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27. phenio.json CHEBI:27641 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cycloheximide A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. phenio.json CHEBI:27644 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chlortetracycline A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens. phenio.json CHEBI:27656 biolink:ChemicalSubstance camptothecin A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline which is substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 14, and by an ethyl group and a hydroxy group at position 4 (the S enantiomer). phenio.json CHEBI:27659 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-oxo aldehyde Any aldehyde having an oxo substituent at the 2-position. phenio.json CHEBI:27666 biolink:ChemicalSubstance actinomycin D phenio.json CHEBI:27667 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-D-galactose A D-galactopyranose having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre. phenio.json CHEBI:27690 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetazolamide phenio.json CHEBI:27701 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxytetracycline A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae. phenio.json CHEBI:27732 biolink:ChemicalSubstance caffeine A trimethylxanthine in which the three methyl groups are located at positions 1, 3, and 7. A purine alkaloid that occurs naturally in tea and coffee. phenio.json CHEBI:27780 biolink:ChemicalSubstance detergent A surfactant (or a mixture containing one or more surfactants) having cleaning properties in dilute solutions. phenio.json CHEBI:27822 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-aminobenzimidazole A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is benzimidazole in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by an amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:27823 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5. phenio.json CHEBI:27848 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-L-rhamnoside phenio.json CHEBI:27869 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chloroacetic acid A chlorocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid carrying a 2-chloro substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:27881 biolink:ChemicalSubstance resveratrol A stilbenol that is stilbene in which the phenyl groups are substituted at positions 3, 5, and 4' by hydroxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:27897 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tryptophan An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. phenio.json CHEBI:27899 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cisplatin A diamminedichloroplatinum compound in which the two ammine ligands and two chloro ligands are oriented in a cis planar configuration around the central platinum ion. An anticancer drug that interacts with, and forms cross-links between, DNA and proteins, it is used as a neoplasm inhibitor to treat solid tumours, primarily of the testis and ovary. Commonly but incorrectly described as an alkylating agent due to its mechanism of action (but it lacks alkyl groups). phenio.json CHEBI:27902 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetracycline A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria. phenio.json CHEBI:27933 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-lactam antibiotic An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic that contains a beta-lactam ring. phenio.json CHEBI:27955 biolink:ChemicalSubstance streptamine An amino cyclitol consisting of scyllo-inositol with the hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3 replaced by unsubstituted amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:27958 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cocaine A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca. phenio.json CHEBI:27967 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 11beta-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione phenio.json CHEBI:28001 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vancomycin A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile. phenio.json CHEBI:28024 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyanic acid phenio.json CHEBI:28044 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenylalanine An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:28050 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homocarnosine A histidine derivative that is histidine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-amino group has been replaced by a 4-aminobutanoyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:28061 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-galactose D-Galactopyranose having alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre. phenio.json CHEBI:28077 biolink:ChemicalSubstance rifampicin A member of the class of rifamycins that is a a semisynthetic antibiotic derived from Amycolatopsis rifamycinica (previously known as Amycolatopsis mediterranei and Streptomyces mediterranei). phenio.json CHEBI:28079 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-L-arabinoside phenio.json CHEBI:28084 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin phenio.json CHEBI:28087 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycogen A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues. phenio.json CHEBI:28098 biolink:ChemicalSubstance kanamycin B phenio.json CHEBI:28112 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nickel atom Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28. phenio.json CHEBI:28115 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylcobalamin phenio.json CHEBI:28125 biolink:ChemicalSubstance all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid A docosahexaenoic acid having six cis-double bonds at positions 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19. phenio.json CHEBI:2814 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arecoline A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine with a methyl group at position 1, and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3. An alkaloid found in the areca nut, it acts as an agonist of muscarinic acetylcholine. phenio.json CHEBI:28159 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-asparagine An optically active form of asparagine having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:28201 biolink:ChemicalSubstance rotenone A member of the class of rotenones that consists of 1,2,12,12a-tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]furo[2,3-h]chromen-6(6aH)-one substituted at position 2 by a prop-1-en-2-yl group and at positions 8 and 9 by methoxy groups (the 2R,6aS,12aS-isomer). A non-systemic insecticide, it is the principal insecticidal constituent of derris (the dried rhizome and root of Derris elliptica). phenio.json CHEBI:28240 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dichloroacetate A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of dichloroacetic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:28260 biolink:ChemicalSubstance galactose An aldohexose that is the C-4 epimer of glucose. phenio.json CHEBI:28300 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutamine An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. phenio.json CHEBI:28304 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heparin A highly sulfated linear glycosaminoglycan comprising complex patterns of uronic acid-(1->4)-D-glucosamine repeating subunits. Used as an injectable anticoagulant, it has the highest negative charge density of any known biological molecule. phenio.json CHEBI:28306 biolink:ChemicalSubstance semicarbazide A monocarboxylic acid amide that is urea where one of the amino groups has been replaced with hydrazine. phenio.json CHEBI:28358 biolink:ChemicalSubstance rac-lactic acid A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-lactic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:28368 biolink:ChemicalSubstance novobiocin A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus. phenio.json CHEBI:28383 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:28384 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin K Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors. phenio.json CHEBI:28417 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gentamycin C phenio.json CHEBI:28425 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-carotene A cyclic carotene with a beta- and an epsilon-ring at opposite ends respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:28479 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-tyrosine An optically active form of tyrosine having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:28545 biolink:ChemicalSubstance valinomycin A twelve-membered cyclodepsipeptide composed of three repeating D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl-D-valyl-L-lactoyl-L-valyl units joined in sequence. An antibiotic found in several Streptomyces strains. phenio.json CHEBI:28600 biolink:ChemicalSubstance farnesol A farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-2,6,10-triene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 1. phenio.json CHEBI:28616 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbamic acid A one-carbon compound that is ammonia in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a carboxy group. Although carbamic acid derivatives are common, carbamic acid itself has never been synthesised. phenio.json CHEBI:28626 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1H-indol-3-amine phenio.json CHEBI:28659 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphorus atom phenio.json CHEBI:28669 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bacitracin A mixture of at least nine closely related homodetic cyclic peptides produced by Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis, which is particularly active against Gram-positive bacteria. phenio.json CHEBI:28670 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neopterin phenio.json CHEBI:28680 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cytarabine A pyrimidine nucleoside in which cytosine is attached to D-arabinofuranose via a beta-N(1)-glycosidic bond. Used mainly in the treatment of leukaemia, especially acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia, cytarabine is an antimetabolite antineoplastic agent that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. It also has antiviral and immunosuppressant properties. phenio.json CHEBI:28689 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dehydroepiandrosterone An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands. phenio.json CHEBI:28694 biolink:ChemicalSubstance copper atom phenio.json CHEBI:28697 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 21-deoxycortisol A deoxycortisol that is 17xi-pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 11 and an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17. It is a marker of virilizing adrenal hyperplasia caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency. phenio.json CHEBI:28748 biolink:ChemicalSubstance doxorubicin phenio.json CHEBI:28757 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fructose A ketohexose that is an isomer of glucose. phenio.json CHEBI:28765 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylinositol phosphate Any member of the phosphoinositide family of compounds, of which seven occur naturally. phenio.json CHEBI:28789 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-glucitol The L-enantiomer of glucitol. phenio.json CHEBI:28790 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serotonin The 5-hydroxy derivative of tryptamine. phenio.json CHEBI:28793 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-D-glucan phenio.json CHEBI:28815 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heparan sulfate A linear polysaccharide in which the backbone consists of a variably sulfated repeating disaccharide unit. phenio.json CHEBI:28817 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dodecane A straight-chain alkane with 12 carbon atoms. It has been isolated from the essential oils of various plants including Zingiber officinale (ginger). phenio.json CHEBI:28822 biolink:ChemicalSubstance icosanoic acid A C20 striaght-chain saturated fatty acid which forms a minor constituent of peanut (L. arachis) and corn oils. Used as an organic thin film in the production of liquid crystals for a wide variety of technical applications. phenio.json CHEBI:28829 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminophenol A substituted aniline carrying a hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:28838 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lutein phenio.json CHEBI:28842 biolink:ChemicalSubstance octadecanoic acid A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics. phenio.json CHEBI:28859 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5alpha-androstane The 5alpha-stereoisomer of androstane. phenio.json CHEBI:28864 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tobramycin A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring. phenio.json CHEBI:28866 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetracosanoic acid A C24 straight-chain saturated fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:28868 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid anion The conjugate base of a fatty acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group of the corresponding fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:28874 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylinositol Any glycerophosphoinositol having one phosphatidyl group esterified to one of the hydroxy groups of inositol. phenio.json CHEBI:28875 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetradecanoic acid A straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat. phenio.json CHEBI:28892 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ganglioside A molecule composed of a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) with one or more sialic acids linked on the sugar chain. phenio.json CHEBI:28909 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iprodione An imidazolidine-2,4-dione in which the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by an N-(isopropyl)carboxamide group while that at position 3 is substituted by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group. A contact fungicide, it blocks the growth of the fungal mycelium and inhibits the germination of fungal spores. It is used on fruit and vegetable crops affected by various fungal diseases. It is also used as a nematicide. phenio.json CHEBI:28915 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fosfomycin A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus. phenio.json CHEBI:28918 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-adrenaline The R-enantiomer of adrenaline. It is a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands resulting in the 'fight-or-flight' response. phenio.json CHEBI:28938 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ammonium An onium cation obtained by protonation of ammonia. phenio.json CHEBI:28940 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calciol A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone. phenio.json CHEBI:28941 biolink:ChemicalSubstance docosanoic acid A straight-chain, C22, long-chain saturated fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:28963 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino sugar Any sugar having one or more alcoholic hydroxy groups replaced by substituted or unsubstituted amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:28965 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic acid dianion A carboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of any dicarboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:28971 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ampicillin A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group. phenio.json CHEBI:28976 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbonic acid phenio.json CHEBI:29007 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ceftriaxone A third-generation cephalosporin compound having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups. phenio.json CHEBI:29013 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fusidic acid A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. phenio.json CHEBI:29016 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arginine An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:29034 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iron(3+) phenio.json CHEBI:29035 biolink:ChemicalSubstance manganese(2+) A divalent metal cation in which the metal is manganese. phenio.json CHEBI:29036 biolink:ChemicalSubstance copper(2+) An ion of copper carrying a double positive charge. phenio.json CHEBI:29057 biolink:ChemicalSubstance keratan phenio.json CHEBI:29067 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboxylic acid anion The conjugate base formed when the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid is deprotonated. phenio.json CHEBI:29073 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-ascorbic acid The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate. phenio.json CHEBI:29075 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mononucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:29089 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate An sn-glycerol 3-phosphate compound having unspecified O-acyl groups at the 1- and 2-positions. phenio.json CHEBI:29101 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sodium(1+) A monoatomic monocation obtained from sodium. phenio.json CHEBI:29103 biolink:ChemicalSubstance potassium(1+) A monoatomic monocation obtained from potassium. phenio.json CHEBI:29105 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zinc(2+) phenio.json CHEBI:29108 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium(2+) phenio.json CHEBI:29192 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogenperoxide(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:29195 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyanate phenio.json CHEBI:29202 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isocyanic acid A colourless, volatile, poisonous inorganic compound with the formula HNCO; the simplest stable chemical compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, the four most commonly-found elements in organic chemistry and biology. phenio.json CHEBI:29214 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfonic acid phenio.json CHEBI:29222 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hypochlorite phenio.json CHEBI:29228 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen fluoride A diatomic molecule containing covalently bonded hydrogen and fluorine atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:29256 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiol An organosulfur compound in which a thiol group, -SH, is attached to a carbon atom of any aliphatic or aromatic moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:29258 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dihydrogenphosphite A monovalent inorganic anion obtained by deprotonation of phosphorous acid. phenio.json CHEBI:29259 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogenphosphite A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid. phenio.json CHEBI:29277 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dinitride(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:29281 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkyl sulfate phenio.json CHEBI:29337 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azanide phenio.json CHEBI:29340 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydridonitrate(2-) A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of two protons from ammonia. phenio.json CHEBI:29347 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monocarboxylic acid amide A carboxamide derived from a monocarboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:29348 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty amide A monocarboxylic acid amide derived from a fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:29360 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methanediide phenio.json CHEBI:29369 biolink:ChemicalSubstance peroxy group phenio.json CHEBI:29412 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxonium phenio.json CHEBI:29429 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylidyne group phenio.json CHEBI:29438 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methanide phenio.json CHEBI:29534 biolink:ChemicalSubstance avermectin B1a phenio.json CHEBI:29537 biolink:ChemicalSubstance avermectin B1b phenio.json CHEBI:2955 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azithromycin A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections. phenio.json CHEBI:295975 biolink:ChemicalSubstance choline phosphate(1-) The organophosphate oxoanion formed from choline by removal of two protons from the phosphate group. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:29678 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sodium arsenite An inoganic sodium salt with formula with formula NaAsO2. phenio.json CHEBI:29687 biolink:ChemicalSubstance teicoplanin A complex mixture of related natural products isolated from the fermentation broth of a strain of Actinoplanes teichomyceticus comprising five major components (teicoplanin A2-1 through A2-5), a hydrolysis component (teicoplanin A3-1), and four minor components (teicoplanin RS-1 through RS-4). An antibiotic with a similar spectrum of activity to vancomycin, it is used to treat serious Gram-positive bacterial infections, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. phenio.json CHEBI:29688 biolink:ChemicalSubstance telithromycin phenio.json CHEBI:29699 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tunicamycin A mixture of antiviral nucleoside antibiotics produced by Streptomyces lysosuperificus. It contains at least 10 homologues comprising uracil, N-acetylglucosamine, an 11-carbon aminodialdose called tunicamine, and a fatty acid linked to the amino group of the tunicamine. The homologues vary in the composition of the fatty acid moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:29700 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tylactone A 16-membererd macrolide that is the aglycone of the antibiotic 5-O-beta-D-mycaminosyltylactone. phenio.json CHEBI:29745 biolink:ChemicalSubstance barbiturate Conjugate base of barbituric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:29785 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitro group phenio.json CHEBI:29792 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroperoxy group phenio.json CHEBI:29793 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydridodioxygen(1+) phenio.json CHEBI:29806 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fumarate(2-) A C4-dicarboxylate that is the E-isomer of but-2-enedioate(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:29888 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diphosphoric acid An acyclic phosphorus acid anhydride obtained by condensation of two molecules of phosphoric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:29917 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiol group phenio.json CHEBI:29919 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrosulfide phenio.json CHEBI:29922 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfo group phenio.json CHEBI:29934 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (1s,4s)-prephenate(2-) A prephenate(2-) obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of (1s,4s)-prephenic acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:29985 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-glutamate(1-) An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of L-glutamic acid, having anionic carboxy groups and a cationic amino group phenio.json CHEBI:29986 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glutamate(1-) An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of D-glutamic acid, having anionic carboxy groups and a cationic amino group phenio.json CHEBI:29987 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutamate(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion that is the conjugate base of glutamate(1-). phenio.json CHEBI:29988 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-glutamate(2-) An L-alpha-amino acid anion that is the dianion obtained by the deprotonation of the both the carboxy groups of L-glutamic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:29989 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glutamate(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:29990 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-aspartate(1-) An aspartate(1-) that is the conjugate base of D-aspartic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:29991 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-aspartate(1-) An aspartate(1-) that is the conjugate base of L-aspartic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:29993 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-aspartate(2-) An aspartate(2-) that is the conjugate base of L-aspartate(1-). phenio.json CHEBI:29994 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-aspartate(2-) An aspartate(2-) that is the conjugate base of D-aspartate(1-). phenio.json CHEBI:29995 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aspartate(2-) A C4-dicarboxylate that is the dianion obtained by the deprotonation of both the carboxy groups of aspartic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30031 biolink:ChemicalSubstance succinate(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion resulting from the removal of a proton from both of the carboxy groups of succinic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30052 biolink:ChemicalSubstance copper(0) phenio.json CHEBI:30089 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetate A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of acetic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30096 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diazene phenio.json CHEBI:30103 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diazenide phenio.json CHEBI:30106 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azo group phenio.json CHEBI:3015 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benomyl A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is the methyl ester of [1-(butylcarbamoyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]carbamic acid. A foliar fungicide used to control a wide range of Ascomycetes and Fungi Imperfecti in a wide range of crops. phenio.json CHEBI:30212 biolink:ChemicalSubstance photon Particle of zero charge, zero rest mass, spin quantum number 1, energy hnu and momentum hnu/c (h is the Planck constant, nu the frequency of radiation and c the speed of light), carrier of electromagnetic force. phenio.json CHEBI:30245 biolink:ChemicalSubstance linoleate An octadecadienoate with cis- double bonds at the 9- and 12- positions; the conjugate base of linoleic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30256 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiocarbonyl group phenio.json CHEBI:30297 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimonite A trivalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of all three protons from antimonous acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30320 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thioacetate phenio.json CHEBI:30347 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethylenediamine An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine in which the alkane is ethane. phenio.json CHEBI:30353 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isopropyl group phenio.json CHEBI:30356 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isobutyl group phenio.json CHEBI:30363 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isobutane An alkane that is propane substituted by a methyl group at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:30411 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cobalamin A cobalt-corrinoid hexaamide that is cobalamin with the oxidation state of the central cobalt atom unspecified. phenio.json CHEBI:30412 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic dication phenio.json CHEBI:30413 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heme A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron. phenio.json CHEBI:30436 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetrahydropterin phenio.json CHEBI:30488 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfonium phenio.json CHEBI:30501 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beryllium atom Alkaline earth metal atom with atomic number 4. phenio.json CHEBI:30512 biolink:ChemicalSubstance silver atom phenio.json CHEBI:30513 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimony atom phenio.json CHEBI:30527 biolink:ChemicalSubstance flavin A derivative of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton, with a substituent on the 10 position. phenio.json CHEBI:30563 biolink:ChemicalSubstance silicon dioxide A silicon oxide made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a silicon atom is covalently bonded to two oxygens. phenio.json CHEBI:30566 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gamma-aminobutyrate An gamma-amino acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of gamma-aminobutyric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:305790 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thyroxine zwitterion The amino acid zwitterion formed from thyroxine by transfer of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:30616 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ATP(4-) A nucleoside triphosphate(4-) obtained by global deprotonation of the triphosphate OH groups of ATP; major species present at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:30623 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxalate(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of oxalic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30653 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homoserine An alpha-amino acid that is glycine substituted at the alpha-position by a 2-hydroxyethyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:30659 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-thyroxine The D-enantiomer of thyroxine. phenio.json CHEBI:30660 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thyroxine An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions. phenio.json CHEBI:30661 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thyronine A tyrosine derivative where the phenolic hydrogen of tyrosine is substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl. phenio.json CHEBI:30697 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-D-glucosyl group A D-glucosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-glucose and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having beta-D-glucose at the reducing end. The unsubstituted parent of the class of beta-D-glucosyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:30742 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethylene glycol A 1,2-glycol compound produced via reaction of ethylene oxide with water. phenio.json CHEBI:30745 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenylacetic acid A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:30746 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzoic acid A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:30751 biolink:ChemicalSubstance formic acid The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects. phenio.json CHEBI:30762 biolink:ChemicalSubstance salicylate A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30768 biolink:ChemicalSubstance propionic acid A short-chain saturated fatty acid comprising ethane attached to the carbon of a carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:30769 biolink:ChemicalSubstance citric acid A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms. phenio.json CHEBI:30772 biolink:ChemicalSubstance butyric acid A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:30776 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexanoic acid A C6, straight-chain saturated fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30779 biolink:ChemicalSubstance succinate(1-) A dicarboxylic acid monoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from one of the carboxy groups of succinic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30794 biolink:ChemicalSubstance malonic acid An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group. phenio.json CHEBI:30795 biolink:ChemicalSubstance malonate(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:30802 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isophthalic acid A benzenedicarboxylic acid that is benzene substituted by carboxy groups at position 1 and 3. One of three possible isomers of benzenedicarboxylic acid, the others being phthalic and terephthalic acids. phenio.json CHEBI:30803 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isophthalate(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:30804 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isophthalate(1-) A dicarboxylic acid monoanion that is the conjugate base of isophthalic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30807 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetradecanoate A long-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of myristic acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:30839 biolink:ChemicalSubstance orotate phenio.json CHEBI:30848 biolink:ChemicalSubstance urate(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:30860 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylmalonic acid A dicarboxylic acid that is malonic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:30861 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylmalonate(1-) A dicarboxylic acid monoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from one of the carboxylic acid groups of methylmalonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30879 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alcohol A compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:30911 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucitol phenio.json CHEBI:30915 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-oxoglutaric acid An oxo dicarboxylic acid that consists of glutaric acid bearing an oxo substituent at position 2. It is an intermediate metabolite in Krebs cycle. phenio.json CHEBI:30916 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-oxoglutarate(1-) A dicarboxylic acid monoanion resulting from selective deprotonation of the 1-carboxy group of 2-oxoglutaric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30920 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate(1-) A dicarboxylic acid monoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from one of the carboxylic acid groups of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30921 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutarate(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both the carboxy groups of glutaric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:30938 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 6-aminopenicillanate phenio.json CHEBI:3095 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biguanide phenio.json CHEBI:3098 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bile acid Any member of a group of hydroxy-5beta-cholanic acids occuring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine. In mammals bile acids almost invariably have 5beta-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:30985 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4,4'-bipyridine A bipyridine in which the two pyridine moieties are linked by a bond between positions C-4 and C-4'. phenio.json CHEBI:31009 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexacosanoic acid A 26-carbon, straight-chain, saturated fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:31011 biolink:ChemicalSubstance valerate A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of valeric acid; present in ester form as component of many steroid-based pharmaceuticals. phenio.json CHEBI:31013 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cerotate The conjugate base of cerotic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:31014 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetracosanoate A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of tetracosanoic acid (lignoceric acid), formed by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:31286 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bifonazole A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections. phenio.json CHEBI:31355 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboplatin A platinum coordination entity with cis square-planar geometry in which platinum(II) is coordinated to two ammonia ligands and a bidentate cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate ligand. phenio.json CHEBI:31577 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethylenediamine derivative Any organic amino compound that is a derivative of ethylenediamine. phenio.json CHEBI:3165 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bradykinin A linear nonapeptide messenger belonging to the kinin group of proteins, with amino acid sequence RPPGFSPFR. Enzymatically produced from kallidin in the blood, it is a powerful vasodilator that causes smooth muscle contraction, and may mediate inflammation. phenio.json CHEBI:31927 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nystatin A3 phenio.json CHEBI:32066 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Prothionamide phenio.json CHEBI:32111 biolink:ChemicalSubstance saccharin A 1,2-benzisothiazole having a keto-group at the 3-position and two oxo substituents at the 1-position. It is used as an artificial sweetening agent. phenio.json CHEBI:32158 biolink:ChemicalSubstance streptomycin sulfate phenio.json CHEBI:32161 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfadimethoxine A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. phenio.json CHEBI:32360 biolink:ChemicalSubstance icosanoate A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of icosanoic acid (arachidic acid). phenio.json CHEBI:32395 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arachidonate A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:32439 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alaninate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of alanine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32440 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alaninium An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of alanine. phenio.json CHEBI:32442 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-cysteinate(1-) The L-enantiomer of cysteinate(1-). phenio.json CHEBI:32443 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-cysteinate(2-) The L-enantiomer of cysteinate(2-). phenio.json CHEBI:32445 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-cysteinium The L-enantiomer of cysteinium. phenio.json CHEBI:32449 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-cysteinate(1-) The D-enantiomer of cysteinate(1-). phenio.json CHEBI:32450 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-cysteinate(2-) The D-enantiomer of cysteinate(2-). phenio.json CHEBI:32451 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-cysteinium The D-enantiomer of cysteinium. phenio.json CHEBI:32456 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cysteinate(1-) A sulfur-containing amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of cysteine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32457 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cysteinate(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:32458 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cysteinium phenio.json CHEBI:32486 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-phenylalaninate An optically active form of phenylalaninate having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32487 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-phenylalaninium An optically active form of phenylalaninium having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32494 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-phenylalaninate The D-enantiomer of phenylalaninate. phenio.json CHEBI:32495 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-phenylalaninium An optically active form of phenylalaninium having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32504 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenylalaninate An aromatic amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of phenylalanine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32505 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenylalaninium An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of phenylalanine, arising from protonation of the amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:32507 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycinium An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of glycine, arising from protonation of the amino. phenio.json CHEBI:32508 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycinate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of glycine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32529 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histidinate(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:32530 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histidinate(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:32531 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histidinium(1+) phenio.json CHEBI:32532 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histidinium(2+) phenio.json CHEBI:32544 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nicotinate A pyridinemonocarboxylate that is the conjugate base of nicotinic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:32550 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-lysinate An optically active form of lysinate having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32551 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-lysinium(1+) An optically active form of lysinium having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32552 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-lysinium(2+) The L-enantiomer of lysinium(2+). phenio.json CHEBI:32556 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-lysinate An optically active form of lysinate having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32557 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-lysinium(1+) An optically active form of lysinium having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32558 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-lysinium(2+) The D-enantiomer of lysinium(2+). phenio.json CHEBI:32563 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lysinate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of lysine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32564 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lysinium(1+) An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of lysine, having two cationic amino groups and an anionic carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32565 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lysinium(2+) An alpha-amino-acid cation obtained by protonation of both amino groups of lysine. phenio.json CHEBI:32588 biolink:ChemicalSubstance potassium chloride A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion. phenio.json CHEBI:32594 biolink:ChemicalSubstance barium atom phenio.json CHEBI:32600 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetracene An acene that consists of four ortho-fused benzene rings in a rectilinear arrangement. phenio.json CHEBI:32612 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoleucinate phenio.json CHEBI:32613 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoleucinium phenio.json CHEBI:32627 biolink:ChemicalSubstance leucinate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of leucine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32628 biolink:ChemicalSubstance leucinium An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of leucine, arising from protonation of the amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:32631 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-methioninate The L-enantiomer of methioninate. phenio.json CHEBI:32632 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-methioninium The L-enantiomer of methioninium. phenio.json CHEBI:32637 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-methioninate The D-enantiomer of methioninate. phenio.json CHEBI:32638 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-methioninium The D-enantiomer of methioninium. phenio.json CHEBI:32644 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methioninate A sulfur-containing amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of methionine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32646 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methioninium A sulfur-containing amino-acid anion that is the conjugate acid of methionine, arising from protonation of the amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:32650 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-asparaginate An optically active form of asparaginate having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32651 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-asparaginium phenio.json CHEBI:32656 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-asparaginate phenio.json CHEBI:32657 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-asparaginium phenio.json CHEBI:32660 biolink:ChemicalSubstance asparaginate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of asparagine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32661 biolink:ChemicalSubstance asparaginium phenio.json CHEBI:32678 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutaminate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of glutamine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32679 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutaminium An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of glutamine, arising from protonation of the amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:32681 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-argininate An L-alpha-amino acid anion that is the conjugate base of L-arginine; obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32682 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-argininium(1+) The L-enantiomer of argininium(1+). phenio.json CHEBI:32683 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-argininium(2+) phenio.json CHEBI:32688 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-argininate phenio.json CHEBI:32689 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-argininium(1+) The D-enantiomer of argininium(1+). phenio.json CHEBI:32690 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-argininium(2+) phenio.json CHEBI:32695 biolink:ChemicalSubstance argininate phenio.json CHEBI:32696 biolink:ChemicalSubstance argininium(1+) phenio.json CHEBI:32697 biolink:ChemicalSubstance argininium(2+) phenio.json CHEBI:32727 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tryptophanate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of tryptophan, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32728 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tryptophanium An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of tryptophan, arising from protonation of the alpha-amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:32760 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-tyrosinate(1-) An optically active form of tyrosinate having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32761 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-tyrosinate(2-) The L-enantiomer of tyrosinate(2-). phenio.json CHEBI:32762 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-tyrosinium An optically active form of tyrosinium having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32773 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-tyrosinate(1-) An optically active form of tyrosinate(1-) having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32774 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-tyrosinate(2-) The D-enantiomer of tyrosinate(2-). phenio.json CHEBI:32775 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-tyrosinium An optically active form of tyrosinium having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32784 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tyrosinate(1-) An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of tyrosine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32785 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tyrosinate(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:32786 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tyrosinium An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of tyrosine, arising from protonation of the amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:32816 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyruvic acid A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis. phenio.json CHEBI:32820 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-threoninate An L-alpha-amino acid anion that is the conjugate base of L-threonine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32822 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-threoninium The L-enantiomer of threoninium. phenio.json CHEBI:32827 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-threoninate The D-enantiomer of threoninate. phenio.json CHEBI:32828 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-threoninium The D-enantiomer of threoninium. phenio.json CHEBI:32832 biolink:ChemicalSubstance threoninate phenio.json CHEBI:32833 biolink:ChemicalSubstance threoninium phenio.json CHEBI:32836 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-serinate A serinate that is the conjugate base of L-serine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32837 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-serinium A serinium that is the conjugate acid of L-serine, obtained by protonation of the amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:32840 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-serinate The D-enantiomer of serinate. phenio.json CHEBI:32841 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-serinium The D-enantiomer of serinium. phenio.json CHEBI:32845 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serinate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of serine. phenio.json CHEBI:32846 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serinium An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of serine. phenio.json CHEBI:32859 biolink:ChemicalSubstance valinate phenio.json CHEBI:32860 biolink:ChemicalSubstance valinium phenio.json CHEBI:32862 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-prolinate An optically active form of prolinate having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32863 biolink:ChemicalSubstance secondary amine A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing two hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:32864 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-prolinium An optically active form of prolinium having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32867 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-prolinate An optically active form of prolinate having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32868 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-prolinium An optically active form of prolinium having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:32871 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prolinate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of proline, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:32872 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prolinium An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of proline, arising from protonation of the amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:32876 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tertiary amine A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:32877 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary amine A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one hydrogen atom by a hydrocarbyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:32879 biolink:ChemicalSubstance propane phenio.json CHEBI:32898 biolink:ChemicalSubstance baccatin III A tetracyclic diterpenoid isolated from plant species of the genus Taxus. phenio.json CHEBI:32926 biolink:ChemicalSubstance octadecane A straight-chain alkane carrying 18 carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:32952 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amine A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:32955 biolink:ChemicalSubstance epoxide Any cyclic ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a 3-membered ring. phenio.json CHEBI:32964 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ornithinate phenio.json CHEBI:32970 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-aminoethanesulfonate A 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate that is ethanesulfonate substituted by an amino group at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:32988 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amide An amide is a derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:33017 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diphosphate(1-) A monovalent inorganic anion obtained by deprotonation of one of the phosphate OH groups in diphosphoric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:33019 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diphosphate(3-) A trivalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of all three protons from diphosphoric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:3306 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcitonin A 32-membered heterodetic cyclic peptide comprising the sequence Cys-Ser-Asn-Leu-Ser-Thr-Cys-Val-Leu-Gly-Lys-Leu-Ser-Gln-Glu-Leu-His-Lys-Leu-Gln-Thr-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Asn-Thr-Gly-Ser-Gly-Thr-Pro-NH2 cyclised by a disulfide bridge between the two Cys residues at positions 1 and 7. phenio.json CHEBI:33083 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluoranthene An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a naphthalene and benzene unit connected by a five-membered ring. phenio.json CHEBI:3311 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium carbonate A calcium salt with formula CCaO3. phenio.json CHEBI:33173 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzimidazolide phenio.json CHEBI:33198 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-gluconic acid A gluconic acid having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:33216 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bisphenol A A bisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:33224 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chromane A benzopyran consisting of a pyran ring having a benzene ring ortho-fused across positions 2 and 3. phenio.json CHEBI:33229 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin (role) A biochemical role played by any micronutrient that is an organic compound. Vitamins are present in foods in small amounts and are essential to normal metabolism and biochemical functions, usually as coenzymes. The term "vitamines" (from vita + amines) was coined in 1912 by Casimir Funk, who believed that these compounds were amines. phenio.json CHEBI:33231 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antitubercular agent A substance that kills or slows the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is used in the treatment of tuberculosis. phenio.json CHEBI:33232 biolink:ChemicalSubstance application Intended use of the molecular entity or part thereof by humans. phenio.json CHEBI:33233 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fundamental particle A particle not known to have substructure. phenio.json CHEBI:33234 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin E Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen. phenio.json CHEBI:33238 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic entity A monoatomic entity is a molecular entity consisting of a single atom. phenio.json CHEBI:33240 biolink:ChemicalSubstance coordination entity An assembly consisting of a central atom (usually metallic) to which is attached a surrounding array of other groups of atoms (ligands). phenio.json CHEBI:33241 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxoacid derivative phenio.json CHEBI:33242 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic hydride phenio.json CHEBI:33245 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic fundamental parent An organic fundamental parent is a structure used as a basis for substitutive names in organic nomenclature, containing, in addition to one or more hydrogen atoms, a single atom of an element, a number of atoms (alike or different) linked together to form an unbranched chain, a monocyclic or polycyclic ring system, or a ring assembly or ring/chain system. phenio.json CHEBI:33246 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic group Any substituent group which does not contain carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:33247 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic group Any substituent group or skeleton containing carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:33248 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrocarbyl group A univalent group formed by removing a hydrogen atom from a hydrocarbon. phenio.json CHEBI:33249 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organyl group Any organic substituent group, regardless of functional type, having one free valence at a carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:33250 biolink:ChemicalSubstance atom A chemical entity constituting the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element. phenio.json CHEBI:33252 biolink:ChemicalSubstance atomic nucleus A nucleus is the positively charged central portion of an atom, excluding the orbital electrons. phenio.json CHEBI:33253 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleon Heavy nuclear particle: proton or neutron. phenio.json CHEBI:33256 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary amide A derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:33257 biolink:ChemicalSubstance secondary amide A derivative of two oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which two acyl groups are attached to the amino or substituted amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:33259 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental molecular entity A molecular entity all atoms of which have the same atomic number. phenio.json CHEBI:33261 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organosulfur compound An organosulfur compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-sulfur bond. phenio.json CHEBI:33262 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental oxygen phenio.json CHEBI:33263 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diatomic oxygen phenio.json CHEBI:33266 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diatomic nitrogen phenio.json CHEBI:33267 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental nitrogen phenio.json CHEBI:33273 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyatomic anion An anion consisting of more than one atom. phenio.json CHEBI:33280 biolink:ChemicalSubstance molecular messenger phenio.json CHEBI:33281 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimicrobial agent A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans. phenio.json CHEBI:33282 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antibacterial agent A substance (or active part thereof) that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. phenio.json CHEBI:33284 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nutrient A nutrient is a food component that an organism uses to survive and grow. phenio.json CHEBI:33285 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heteroorganic entity A heteroorganic entity is an organic molecular entity in which carbon atoms or organic groups are bonded directly to one or more heteroatoms. phenio.json CHEBI:33286 biolink:ChemicalSubstance agrochemical An agrochemical is a substance that is used in agriculture or horticulture. phenio.json CHEBI:33287 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fertilizer A fertilizer is any substance that is added to soil or water to assist the growth of plants. phenio.json CHEBI:33288 biolink:ChemicalSubstance rodenticide A substance used to destroy rodent pests. phenio.json CHEBI:33290 biolink:ChemicalSubstance food Any material that can be ingested by an organism. phenio.json CHEBI:33292 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fuel An energy-rich substance that can be transformed with release of usable energy. phenio.json CHEBI:33295 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diagnostic agent A substance administered to aid diagnosis of a disease. phenio.json CHEBI:33296 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkali metal molecular entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an alkali metal. phenio.json CHEBI:33299 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkaline earth molecular entity An alkaline earth molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an alkaline earth metal. phenio.json CHEBI:33300 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pnictogen Any p-block element atom that is in group 15 of the periodic table: nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth. phenio.json CHEBI:33302 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pnictogen molecular entity A p-block molecular entity containing any pnictogen. phenio.json CHEBI:33303 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chalcogen Any p-block element belonging to the group 16 family of the periodic table. phenio.json CHEBI:33304 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chalcogen molecular entity Any p-block molecular entity containing a chalcogen. phenio.json CHEBI:33306 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon group element atom phenio.json CHEBI:33307 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiocarboxylic acid An organic acid in which one or both oxygens of a carboxy group have been replaced by divalent sulfur. phenio.json CHEBI:33308 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboxylic ester An ester of a carboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:33317 biolink:ChemicalSubstance boron group element atom phenio.json CHEBI:33318 biolink:ChemicalSubstance main group element atom An atom belonging to one of the main groups (found in the s- and p- blocks) of the periodic table. phenio.json CHEBI:33324 biolink:ChemicalSubstance strontium atom phenio.json CHEBI:33327 biolink:ChemicalSubstance silicon oxide phenio.json CHEBI:33338 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aryl group A group derived from an arene by removal of a hydrogen atom from a ring carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:33340 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zinc group element atom phenio.json CHEBI:33352 biolink:ChemicalSubstance manganese group element atom phenio.json CHEBI:33356 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iron group element atom phenio.json CHEBI:33358 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cobalt group element atom phenio.json CHEBI:33362 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nickel group element atom phenio.json CHEBI:33364 biolink:ChemicalSubstance platinum phenio.json CHEBI:33365 biolink:ChemicalSubstance platinum group metal atom phenio.json CHEBI:33366 biolink:ChemicalSubstance copper group element atom phenio.json CHEBI:33384 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-serine zwitterion A serine zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of L-serine. phenio.json CHEBI:33402 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfur oxoacid phenio.json CHEBI:33405 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydracid A hydracid is a compound which contains hydrogen that is not bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons). phenio.json CHEBI:33408 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pnictogen oxoacid phenio.json CHEBI:33415 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental carbon phenio.json CHEBI:33424 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfur oxoacid derivative phenio.json CHEBI:33425 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halogen oxoacid phenio.json CHEBI:33426 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chlorine oxoacid phenio.json CHEBI:33429 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic monoanion phenio.json CHEBI:33431 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental chlorine phenio.json CHEBI:33432 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic chlorine phenio.json CHEBI:33433 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic halogen phenio.json CHEBI:33434 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental halogen phenio.json CHEBI:33437 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chlorine oxoanion phenio.json CHEBI:33442 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine phenio.json CHEBI:33443 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halogen oxoanion phenio.json CHEBI:33447 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phospho sugar Any monosaccharide containing an alcoholic hydroxy group esterified with phosphoric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:33452 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzylic group Arylmethyl groups and derivatives formed by substitution: ArCR2-. phenio.json CHEBI:33455 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrogen oxoacid phenio.json CHEBI:33457 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphorus oxoacid A pnictogen oxoacid which contains phosphorus and oxygen, at least one hydrogen atom bound to oxygen, and forms an ion by the loss of one or more protons. phenio.json CHEBI:33458 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrogen oxoanion phenio.json CHEBI:33459 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pnictogen oxoanion phenio.json CHEBI:33461 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphorus oxoanion phenio.json CHEBI:33462 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphonate(1-) A monovalent inorganic anion obtained by deprotonation of one of the two OH groups in phosphonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:33464 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental phosphorus phenio.json CHEBI:33465 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental pnictogen phenio.json CHEBI:33466 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic phosphorus phenio.json CHEBI:33467 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphorus(1+) phenio.json CHEBI:3347 biolink:ChemicalSubstance candesartan A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension. phenio.json CHEBI:33474 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrocarbylidyne group Trivalent groups, RC#, formed by removing three hydrogen atoms from the same carbon atom of a hydrocarbon, the free valencies of which are engaged in a triple bond. phenio.json CHEBI:33482 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfur oxoanion phenio.json CHEBI:33484 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chalcogen oxoacid phenio.json CHEBI:33485 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chalcogen oxoanion phenio.json CHEBI:33497 biolink:ChemicalSubstance transition element molecular entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a transition element. phenio.json CHEBI:33504 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkali metal cation phenio.json CHEBI:33513 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkaline earth cation phenio.json CHEBI:33515 biolink:ChemicalSubstance transition element cation phenio.json CHEBI:33521 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metal atom An atom of an element that exhibits typical metallic properties, being typically shiny, with high electrical and thermal conductivity. phenio.json CHEBI:33535 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfur hydride phenio.json CHEBI:33540 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiosulfuric acid phenio.json CHEBI:33541 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiosulfate(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:33543 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfonate The sulfur oxoanion formed by deprotonation of sulfonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:33551 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organosulfonic acid An organic derivative of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:33552 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfonic acid derivative phenio.json CHEBI:33554 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organosulfonate oxoanion An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:33555 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arenesulfonic acid Organic derivatives of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon of an aryl group. phenio.json CHEBI:33558 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-amino-acid anion An amino-acid anion obtained by deprotonation of any alpha-amino acid. phenio.json CHEBI:33559 biolink:ChemicalSubstance s-block element atom phenio.json CHEBI:33560 biolink:ChemicalSubstance p-block element atom Any main group element atom belonging to the p-block of the periodic table. phenio.json CHEBI:33561 biolink:ChemicalSubstance d-block element atom phenio.json CHEBI:33563 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycolipid Any member of class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). Some substances classified as bacterial glycolipids have the sugar part acylated by one or more fatty acids and the glycerol part may be absent. phenio.json CHEBI:33566 biolink:ChemicalSubstance catechols Any compound containing an o-diphenol component. phenio.json CHEBI:33567 biolink:ChemicalSubstance catecholamine 4-(2-Aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution. phenio.json CHEBI:33568 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adrenaline A catecholamine in which the aminoethyl side-chain is hydroxy-substituted at C-1 and methylated on nitrogen. phenio.json CHEBI:33569 biolink:ChemicalSubstance noradrenaline A catecholamine in which C-1 of the aminoethyl side-chain is hydroxy-substituted. phenio.json CHEBI:33570 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzenediols phenio.json CHEBI:33571 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-noradrenaline The S-enantiomer of noradrenaline. phenio.json CHEBI:33572 biolink:ChemicalSubstance resorcinols Any benzenediol in which the two hydroxy groups are meta to one another. phenio.json CHEBI:33575 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboxylic acid An oxoacid acid carrying at least one -C(=O)OH group and having the structure RC(=O)OH, where R is any any monovalent functional group. Carboxylic acids are the most common type of organic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:33576 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfur-containing carboxylic acid Any carboxylic acid having a sulfur substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:33579 biolink:ChemicalSubstance main group molecular entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms from any of groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of the periodic table. phenio.json CHEBI:33581 biolink:ChemicalSubstance boron group molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33582 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon group molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33595 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic compound Any molecule that consists of a series of atoms joined together to form a ring. phenio.json CHEBI:33597 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homocyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of the same element only. phenio.json CHEBI:33598 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbocyclic compound A homocyclic compound in which all of the ring members are carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:33599 biolink:ChemicalSubstance spiro compound A compound having one atom as the only common member of two rings. phenio.json CHEBI:33608 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33635 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polycyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:33636 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bicyclic compound A molecule that features two fused rings. phenio.json CHEBI:33637 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ortho-fused compound A polycyclic compound in which two rings have two, and only two, atoms in common. Such compounds have n common faces and 2n common atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:33639 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ortho- and peri-fused compound A polycyclic compound in which one ring contains two, and only two, atoms in common with each of two or more rings of a contiguous series of rings. Such compounds have n common faces and less than 2n common atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:33641 biolink:ChemicalSubstance olefin Acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, apart from the formal ones in aromatic compounds. The class olefins subsumes alkenes and cycloalkenes and the corresponding polyenes. phenio.json CHEBI:33645 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acyclic olefin Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:33653 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aliphatic compound Any acyclic or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated carbon compound, excluding aromatic compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:33654 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alicyclic compound An aliphatic compound having a carbocyclic ring structure which may be saturated or unsaturated, but may not be a benzenoid or other aromatic system. phenio.json CHEBI:33655 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic compound A cyclically conjugated molecular entity with a stability (due to delocalization) significantly greater than that of a hypothetical localized structure (e.g. Kekule structure) is said to possess aromatic character. phenio.json CHEBI:33658 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arene Any monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. phenio.json CHEBI:33659 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic aromatic compound phenio.json CHEBI:33661 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monocyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:33662 biolink:ChemicalSubstance annulene A mancude monocyclic hydrocarbon without side chains of the general formula CnHn (n is an even number) or CnHn+1 (n is an odd number). In systematic nomenclature an annulene with seven or more carbon atoms may be named [n]annulene, where n is the number of carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:33663 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic hydrocarbon phenio.json CHEBI:33664 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monocyclic hydrocarbon phenio.json CHEBI:33666 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polycyclic hydrocarbon phenio.json CHEBI:33670 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heteromonocyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:33671 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heteropolycyclic compound A polycyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one non-carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:33672 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heterobicyclic compound A bicyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one skeletal heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:33673 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zinc group molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33674 biolink:ChemicalSubstance s-block molecular entity An s-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an s-block element. phenio.json CHEBI:33675 biolink:ChemicalSubstance p-block molecular entity A p-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a p-block element. phenio.json CHEBI:33676 biolink:ChemicalSubstance d-block molecular entity A d-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a d-block element. phenio.json CHEBI:33692 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrides Hydrides are chemical compounds of hydrogen with other chemical elements. phenio.json CHEBI:33693 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxygen hydride phenio.json CHEBI:33694 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biomacromolecule A macromolecule formed by a living organism. phenio.json CHEBI:33695 biolink:ChemicalSubstance information biomacromolecule phenio.json CHEBI:33696 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleic acid A macromolecule made up of nucleotide units and hydrolysable into certain pyrimidine or purine bases (usually adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil), D-ribose or 2-deoxy-D-ribose and phosphoric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:33697 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleic acid High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing ribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; RNA is central to the synthesis of proteins. phenio.json CHEBI:33699 biolink:ChemicalSubstance messenger RNA An RNA molecule that transfers the coding information for protein synthesis from the chromosomes to the ribosomes mRNA is formed from a DNA template by transcription. It may be a copy of a single gene or of several adjacent genes (polycistronic mRNA). On the ribosome, the sequence is converted into the programmed amino acid sequence through translation. phenio.json CHEBI:33700 biolink:ChemicalSubstance proteinogenic amino-acid residue phenio.json CHEBI:33702 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyatomic cation A cation consisting of more than one atom. phenio.json CHEBI:33703 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino-acid cation phenio.json CHEBI:33704 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-amino acid An amino acid in which the amino group is located on the carbon atom at the position alpha to the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:33706 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-amino acid A non-proteinogenic amino acid in which the amino group is located on the carbon atom at the position beta to the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:33707 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gamma-amino acid A non-proteinogenic amino-acid in which the amino group is located on the carbon atom at the position gamma to the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:33708 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino-acid residue When two or more amino acids combine to form a peptide, the elements of water are removed, and what remains of each amino acid is called an amino-acid residue. phenio.json CHEBI:33709 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino acid A carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:3371 biolink:ChemicalSubstance capreomycin phenio.json CHEBI:33710 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-amino-acid residue phenio.json CHEBI:33719 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-amino-acid cation phenio.json CHEBI:33720 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbohydrate acid phenio.json CHEBI:33721 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbohydrate acid anion phenio.json CHEBI:33729 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetritol phenio.json CHEBI:33743 biolink:ChemicalSubstance manganese group molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33744 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iron group molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33745 biolink:ChemicalSubstance copper group molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33747 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nickel group molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33748 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nickel molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33749 biolink:ChemicalSubstance platinum molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33752 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexonic acid Any aldonic acid formed by oxidising the aldehyde group of an aldohexose to a carboxylic acid group. phenio.json CHEBI:33760 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexonate phenio.json CHEBI:33767 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cobalt group molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33778 biolink:ChemicalSubstance galactonates phenio.json CHEBI:33780 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beryllium molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33791 biolink:ChemicalSubstance canonical nucleoside residue phenio.json CHEBI:33792 biolink:ChemicalSubstance canonical ribonucleoside residue phenio.json CHEBI:33793 biolink:ChemicalSubstance canonical deoxyribonucleoside residue phenio.json CHEBI:33804 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gluconates phenio.json CHEBI:33822 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic hydroxy compound An organic compound having at least one hydroxy group attached to a carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:33823 biolink:ChemicalSubstance enol Alkenols; the term refers specifically to vinylic alcohols, which have the structure HOCR'=CR2. Enols are tautomeric with aldehydes (R' = H) or ketones (R' =/= H). phenio.json CHEBI:33832 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic cyclic compound Any organic molecule that consists of atoms connected in the form of a ring. phenio.json CHEBI:33833 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heteroarene A heterocyclic compound formally derived from an arene by replacement of one or more methine (-C=) and/or vinylene (-CH=CH-) groups by trivalent or divalent heteroatoms, respectively, in such a way as to maintain the continuous pi-electron system characteristic of aromatic systems and a number of out-of-plane pi-electrons corresponding to the Hueckel rule (4n+2). phenio.json CHEBI:33836 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzenoid aromatic compound phenio.json CHEBI:33837 biolink:ChemicalSubstance conjugated protein Conjugated protein is a protein that contains a non-peptide component, usually in stoichiometric proportion. phenio.json CHEBI:33838 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside An N-glycosyl compound that has both a nucleobase, normally adenine, guanine, xanthine, thymine, cytosine or uracil, and either a ribose or deoxyribose as functional parents. phenio.json CHEBI:33839 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macromolecule A macromolecule is a molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. phenio.json CHEBI:33842 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic annulene phenio.json CHEBI:33847 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monocyclic arene A monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. phenio.json CHEBI:33848 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polycyclic arene A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. phenio.json CHEBI:33853 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenols Organic aromatic compounds having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a benzene or other arene ring. phenio.json CHEBI:33854 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic alcohol Any alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring. phenio.json CHEBI:33856 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic amino acid An amino acid whose structure includes an aromatic ring. phenio.json CHEBI:33857 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic primary alcohol Any primary alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring. phenio.json CHEBI:33859 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic carboxylic acid Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring. phenio.json CHEBI:33860 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic amine An amino compound in which the amino group is linked directly to an aromatic system. phenio.json CHEBI:33861 biolink:ChemicalSubstance transition element coordination entity phenio.json CHEBI:33862 biolink:ChemicalSubstance platinum coordination entity phenio.json CHEBI:33888 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cobalt molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33890 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cobalt coordination entity phenio.json CHEBI:33892 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iron coordination entity phenio.json CHEBI:33893 biolink:ChemicalSubstance reagent A substance used in a chemical reaction to detect, measure, examine, or produce other substances. phenio.json CHEBI:33906 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cobalt corrinoid phenio.json CHEBI:33909 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metallotetrapyrrole phenio.json CHEBI:33913 biolink:ChemicalSubstance corrinoid A derivative of the corrin nucleus, which contains four reduced or partly reduced pyrrole rings joined in a macrocycle by three =C- groups and one direct carbon-carbon bond linking alpha positions. phenio.json CHEBI:33916 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldopentose A pentose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end. phenio.json CHEBI:33917 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldohexose A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end. phenio.json CHEBI:3392 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbendazim A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 2-aminobenzimidazole in which the primary amino group is substituted by a methoxycarbonyl group. A fungicide, carbendazim controls Ascomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti, and Basidiomycetes on a wide variety of crops, including bananas, cereals, cotton, fruits, grapes, mushrooms, ornamentals, peanuts, sugarbeet, soybeans, tobacco, and vegetables. phenio.json CHEBI:3393 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbenicillin A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain. phenio.json CHEBI:33937 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macronutrient Any nutrient required in large quantities by organisms throughout their life in order to orchestrate a range of physiological functions. Macronutrients are usually chemical elements (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur) that humans consume in the largest quantities. Calcium, sodium, magnesium and potassium are sometimes included as macronutrients because they are required in relatively large quantities compared with other vitamins and minerals. phenio.json CHEBI:33942 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribose Any aldopentose where the open-chain form has all the hydroxy groups on the same side in the Fischer projection. Occurrs in two enantiomeric forms, D- and L-ribose, of which only the former is found in nature. phenio.json CHEBI:33958 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halide salt phenio.json CHEBI:33964 biolink:ChemicalSubstance silver molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:33966 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental silver phenio.json CHEBI:33973 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental magnesium phenio.json CHEBI:33984 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fucose Any deoxygalactose that is deoxygenated at the 6-position. phenio.json CHEBI:34043 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2-phenylenediamine A phenylenediamine in which the two amino groups are ortho to each other. phenio.json CHEBI:3405 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboxin An anilide obtained by formal condensation of the amino group of aniline with the carboxy group of 2-methyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiine-3-carboxylic acid. A fungicide for control of bunts and smuts normally that is normally used as a seed treatment. phenio.json CHEBI:34133 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 11-oxotestosterone A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is testosterone carrying an additional oxo substituent at position 11. phenio.json CHEBI:34134 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 11-Ketoandrosterone phenio.json CHEBI:3424 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carnitinium A quaternary ammonium ion that is the the conjugate acid of carnitine. phenio.json CHEBI:34608 biolink:ChemicalSubstance captan A dicarboximide that is 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydrophthalimide in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a trichloromethyl group. A non-systemic fungicide introduced in the 1950s, it is widely used for the control of fungal diseases in fruits, vegetables, and ornamental crops. phenio.json CHEBI:34653 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Congo Red An indicator dye that is blue-violet at pH 3.0 and red at pH 5.0. phenio.json CHEBI:34751 biolink:ChemicalSubstance F4-Neuroprostane (4-series) phenio.json CHEBI:3478 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefaclor A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:34848 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mevastatin A carboxylic ester that is pravastatin that is lacking the allylic hydroxy group. A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) isolated from Penicillium citrinum and from Penicillium brevicompactum, its clinical use as a lipid-regulating drug ceased following reports of toxicity in animals. phenio.json CHEBI:34905 biolink:ChemicalSubstance paraquat An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions. phenio.json CHEBI:3499 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefotetan A semi-synthetic second-generation cephamycin antibiotic with [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl, methoxy and {[4-(2-amino-1-carboxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,3-dithietan-2-yl]carbonyl}amino groups at the 3, 7alpha, and 7beta positions, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is resistant to a wide range of beta-lactamases and is active against a broad spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. phenio.json CHEBI:34994 biolink:ChemicalSubstance teicoplanin A2 Any of the glycopeptides whose structure consists of teicoplanin A3-1 in which the hydroxy group of the di(aryloxy)-substituted phenol moiety has been converted to the corresponding 2-acylamino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucoside. Members of the class differ only in the nature of the acyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:34995 biolink:ChemicalSubstance teicoplanin A2-1 A teicoplanin A2 that has (4Z)-dec-4-enoyl as the variable N-acyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:34996 biolink:ChemicalSubstance teicoplanin A2-3 A teicoplanin A2 that has decanoyl as the variable N-acyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:34997 biolink:ChemicalSubstance teicoplanin A2-4 A teicoplanin A2 that has 8-methyldecanoyl as the variable N-acyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:34998 biolink:ChemicalSubstance teicoplanin A2-5 A teicoplanin A2 that has 9-methyldecanoyl as the variable N-acyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:34999 biolink:ChemicalSubstance teicoplanin A3-1 A glycopeptide consisting of a macropolycyclic heptapeptide in which a phenolic hydroxy group has been converted to its alpha-D-mannoside while a secondary alcohol group has been converted to the corresponding 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucoside. phenio.json CHEBI:35014 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiophanate-methyl A member of the class of thioureas that is the dimethyl ester of (1,2-phenylenedicarbamothioyl)biscarbamic acid. A fungicide effective against a broad spectrum of diseases in fruit, vegetables, turf and other crops including eyespot, scab, powdery mildew and grey mould. phenio.json CHEBI:3504 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefpodoxime A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with methoxymethyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamino substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. Given by mouth as its proxetil ester prodrug, it is used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, and sinusitis. phenio.json CHEBI:3505 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefpodoxime proxetil The 1-[(isopropoxycarbonyl)oxy]ethyl (proxetil) ester prodrug of cefpodoxime. After swallowing, hydrolysis of the ester group occurs in the intestinal epithelium, to release active cefpodoxime in the bloodstream. It is used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, and sinusitis. phenio.json CHEBI:350546 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serotonin(1+) An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of serotonin; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:3508 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ceftazidime A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic bearing pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and {[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-{[(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy]imino}acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:35106 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrogen hydride phenio.json CHEBI:35107 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azane Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2. phenio.json CHEBI:35115 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental manganese phenio.json CHEBI:35117 biolink:ChemicalSubstance manganese coordination entity phenio.json CHEBI:35131 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldose phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:35134 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metalloprotein phenio.json CHEBI:35136 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iron protein phenio.json CHEBI:35137 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hemoprotein Conjugated proteins containing heme as the prosthetic group. phenio.json CHEBI:35143 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hemoglobin phenio.json CHEBI:35147 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (6'R)-beta,epsilon-carotene phenio.json CHEBI:35148 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (6'S)-beta,epsilon-carotene phenio.json CHEBI:3515 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefuroxime A 3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin compound having a 7-(2Z)-2-(furan-2-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido side chain. phenio.json CHEBI:35155 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental calcium phenio.json CHEBI:35156 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium salt phenio.json CHEBI:35158 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribose bisphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:35163 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic carotene phenio.json CHEBI:35175 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfate salt phenio.json CHEBI:35179 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion An oxo monocarboxylic acid anion in which the oxo group is located at the 2-position. phenio.json CHEBI:35184 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gluconic acid phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:35186 biolink:ChemicalSubstance terpene A hydrocarbon of biological origin having carbon skeleton formally derived from isoprene [CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2]. phenio.json CHEBI:35189 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sesquiterpene A C15 terpene. phenio.json CHEBI:35190 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diterpene A C20 terpene. phenio.json CHEBI:35191 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triterpene A C30 terpene. phenio.json CHEBI:35193 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetraterpene A C40 terpene. phenio.json CHEBI:35195 biolink:ChemicalSubstance surfactant A substance which lowers the surface tension of the medium in which it is dissolved, and/or the interfacial tension with other phases, and, accordingly, is positively adsorbed at the liquid/vapour and/or at other interfaces. phenio.json CHEBI:35196 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrogen oxide phenio.json CHEBI:35213 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclodepsipeptide A depsipeptide in which the amino and hydroxy carboxylic acid residues are connected in a ring. phenio.json CHEBI:35219 biolink:ChemicalSubstance plant growth retardant phenio.json CHEBI:35221 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimetabolite A substance which is structurally similar to a metabolite but which competes with it or replaces it, and so prevents or reduces its normal utilization. phenio.json CHEBI:35222 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inhibitor A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction. phenio.json CHEBI:35223 biolink:ChemicalSubstance catalyst A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without modifying the overall standard Gibbs energy change in the reaction. phenio.json CHEBI:35224 biolink:ChemicalSubstance effector A small molecule which increases (activator) or decreases (inhibitor) the activity of an (allosteric) enzyme by binding to the enzyme at the regulatory site (which is different from the substrate-binding catalytic site). phenio.json CHEBI:35230 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fossil fuel A fuel such as coal, oil and natural gas which has formed over many years through the decomposition of deposited vegetation which was under extreme pressure of an overburden of earth. phenio.json CHEBI:35235 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-cysteine zwitterion phenio.json CHEBI:35236 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-cysteine zwitterion phenio.json CHEBI:35237 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cysteine zwitterion phenio.json CHEBI:35238 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino acid zwitterion The zwitterionic form of an amino acid having a negatively charged carboxyl group and a positively charged amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:35243 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serine zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amnio group of serine. phenio.json CHEBI:35247 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-serine zwitterion A serine zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of D-serine. phenio.json CHEBI:35258 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glyco-amino acid phenio.json CHEBI:35259 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzofurans phenio.json CHEBI:35267 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quaternary ammonium ion A derivative of ammonium, NH4(+), in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with univalent (usually organyl) groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35273 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quaternary ammonium salt Derivatives of ammonium compounds, (NH4(+))Y(-), in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with univalent (usually organyl) groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35274 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ammonium ion derivative Ammonium, NH4(+), and derivatives formed by substitution by univalent groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35275 biolink:ChemicalSubstance S-glycosyl compound A glycosyl compound arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and a S atom bound to a carbon atom, thus creating a C-S bond. phenio.json CHEBI:35276 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ammonium compound Compounds (NH4(+))Y(-) and derivatives, in which one or more of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with univalent groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35281 biolink:ChemicalSubstance onium betaine Neutral molecules having charge-separated forms with an onium atom which bears no hydrogen atoms and that is not adjacent to the anionic atom. phenio.json CHEBI:35282 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfonium betaine Neutral molecules having charge-separated forms with an sulfonium atom which bears no hydrogen atoms and that is not adjacent to the anionic atom. phenio.json CHEBI:35284 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ammonium betaine Any neutral molecule having charge-separated forms with a quaternary ammonium atom which bears no hydrogen atoms and that is not adjacent to the anionic atom. phenio.json CHEBI:35285 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iminium betaine phenio.json CHEBI:35286 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iminium ion Cations of structure R2C=N(+)R2. phenio.json CHEBI:35287 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acylcholine A choline ester formed from choline and a carboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:35293 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fused compound phenio.json CHEBI:35294 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbopolycyclic compound A polyclic compound in which all of the ring members are carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:35295 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homopolycyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:35296 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ortho-fused polycyclic arene phenio.json CHEBI:35297 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acene A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of fused benzene rings in a rectilinear arrangement. phenio.json CHEBI:35300 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene phenio.json CHEBI:35312 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pentoside phenio.json CHEBI:35313 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexoside phenio.json CHEBI:35315 biolink:ChemicalSubstance deoxy hexoside phenio.json CHEBI:3533 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cephaeline A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having a hydroxy group at the 6'-position and methoxy substituents at the 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. phenio.json CHEBI:35337 biolink:ChemicalSubstance central nervous system stimulant Any drug that enhances the activity of the central nervous system. phenio.json CHEBI:35338 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amphetamines Amines that constitute a class of central nervous system stimulants based on the structure of the parent amphetamine 1-phenylpropan-2-amine. phenio.json CHEBI:3534 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cephalexin A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract. phenio.json CHEBI:35341 biolink:ChemicalSubstance steroid Any of naturally occurring compounds and synthetic analogues, based on the cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene carbon skeleton, partially or completely hydrogenated; there are usually methyl groups at C-10 and C-13, and often an alkyl group at C-17. By extension, one or more bond scissions, ring expansions and/or ring contractions of the skeleton may have occurred. Natural steroids are derived biogenetically from squalene which is a triterpene. phenio.json CHEBI:35342 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 17alpha-hydroxy steroid The alpha-stereoisomer of 17-hydroxy steroid. phenio.json CHEBI:35343 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 17beta-hydroxy steroid A 17-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group at position 17 has a beta-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:35344 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 21-hydroxy steroid phenio.json CHEBI:35346 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 11beta-hydroxy steroid Any 11-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has beta- configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:35348 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3beta-sterol A sterol in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has beta- configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:35350 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy steroid phenio.json CHEBI:35352 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organonitrogen compound Any heteroorganic entity containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond. phenio.json CHEBI:35356 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboximide An imide in which the two acyl substituents on nitrogen are carboacyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35358 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfonamide An amide of a sulfonic acid RS(=O)2NR'2. phenio.json CHEBI:35359 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboxamidine Compounds having the structure RC(=NR)NR2. The term is used as a suffix in systematic nomenclature to denote the -C(=NH)NH2 group including its carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:35362 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrazide Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC). phenio.json CHEBI:35363 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbohydrazide A hydrazide consisting of hydrazine carrying one or more carboacyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35366 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid Any aliphatic monocarboxylic acid derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax. Natural fatty acids commonly have a chain of 4 to 28 carbons (usually unbranched and even-numbered), which may be saturated or unsaturated. By extension, the term is sometimes used to embrace all acyclic aliphatic carboxylic acids. phenio.json CHEBI:35367 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiocarboxylic acid anion phenio.json CHEBI:35371 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lipooligosaccharide phenio.json CHEBI:35381 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monosaccharide Parent monosaccharides are polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H or polyhydroxy ketones H-[CHOH]n-C(=O)[CHOH]m-H with three or more carbon atoms. The generic term 'monosaccharide' (as opposed to oligosaccharide or polysaccharide) denotes a single unit, without glycosidic connection to other such units. It includes aldoses, dialdoses, aldoketoses, ketoses and diketoses, as well as deoxy sugars, provided that the parent compound has a (potential) carbonyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:35391 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aspartate(1-) An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of aspartic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:35406 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxoanion An oxoanion is an anion derived from an oxoacid by loss of hydron(s) bound to oxygen. phenio.json CHEBI:35410 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary diamine A primary diamine is a compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing two hydrogen atoms by amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35411 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkane-alpha,omega-diamine A primary diamine that is ethane or a higher alkane in which a hydrogen of each of the terminal methyl groups has been replaced by an amino group. H2NCH2(CH2)nCH2NH2, where n = 0, 1, 2, etc. phenio.json CHEBI:35418 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetylneuraminate A ketoaldonate that is the conjugate base of N-acetylneuraminic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:35427 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ortho-fused polycyclic hydrocarbon phenio.json CHEBI:35436 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glucoside Any glucoside in which the glycoside group is derived from D-glucose. phenio.json CHEBI:35441 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antiinfective agent A substance used in the prophylaxis or therapy of infectious diseases. phenio.json CHEBI:35442 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antiparasitic agent A substance used to treat or prevent parasitic infections. phenio.json CHEBI:35443 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anthelminthic drug Substance intended to kill parasitic worms (helminths). phenio.json CHEBI:35444 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antinematodal drug A substance used in the treatment or control of nematode infestations. phenio.json CHEBI:35467 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphorodiamide phenio.json CHEBI:35468 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triazene phenio.json CHEBI:35469 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antidepressant Antidepressants are mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. phenio.json CHEBI:35470 biolink:ChemicalSubstance central nervous system drug A class of drugs producing both physiological and psychological effects through a variety of mechanisms involving the central nervous system. phenio.json CHEBI:35471 biolink:ChemicalSubstance psychotropic drug A loosely defined grouping of drugs that have effects on psychological function. phenio.json CHEBI:35472 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anti-inflammatory drug A substance that reduces or suppresses inflammation. phenio.json CHEBI:35473 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tranquilizing drug A traditional grouping of drugs said to have a soothing or calming effect on mood, thought or behaviour. phenio.json CHEBI:35474 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anxiolytic drug Anxiolytic drugs are agents that alleviate anxiety, tension, and anxiety disorders, promote sedation, and have a calming effect without affecting clarity of consciousness or neurologic conditions. phenio.json CHEBI:35475 biolink:ChemicalSubstance non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug An anti-inflammatory drug that is not a steroid. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions. They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. phenio.json CHEBI:35476 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antipsychotic agent Antipsychotic drugs are agents that control agitated psychotic behaviour, alleviate acute psychotic states, reduce psychotic symptoms, and exert a quieting effect. phenio.json CHEBI:35479 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkali metal salt phenio.json CHEBI:35480 biolink:ChemicalSubstance analgesic An agent capable of relieving pain without the loss of consciousness or without producing anaesthesia. In addition, analgesic is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to cause a reduction of pain symptoms. phenio.json CHEBI:35481 biolink:ChemicalSubstance non-narcotic analgesic A drug that has principally analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory actions. Non-narcotic analgesics do not bind to opioid receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:35482 biolink:ChemicalSubstance opioid analgesic A narcotic or opioid substance, synthetic or semisynthetic agent producing profound analgesia, drowsiness, and changes in mood. phenio.json CHEBI:35488 biolink:ChemicalSubstance central nervous system depressant A loosely defined group of drugs that tend to reduce the activity of the central nervous system. phenio.json CHEBI:35489 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic disulfide Compounds of structure RSSR in which R and R' are organic groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35492 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cystine zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion that is the tautomer of cystine. phenio.json CHEBI:35493 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antipyretic A drug that prevents or reduces fever by lowering the body temperature from a raised state. An antipyretic will not affect the normal body temperature if one does not have fever. Antipyretics cause the hypothalamus to override an interleukin-induced increase in temperature. The body will then work to lower the temperature and the result is a reduction in fever. phenio.json CHEBI:35496 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluorobenzenes Any fluoroarene that is a benzene or a substituted benzene carrying at least one fluoro group. phenio.json CHEBI:35497 biolink:ChemicalSubstance androgen antagonist A compound which inhibits or antagonises the biosynthesis or actions of androgens. phenio.json CHEBI:35498 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diuretic An agent that promotes the excretion of urine through its effects on kidney function. phenio.json CHEBI:35504 biolink:ChemicalSubstance addition compound An addition compound contains two or more simpler compounds that can be packed in a definite ratio into a crystal. The term covers donor-acceptor complexes (adducts) and a variety of lattice compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:35505 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrate An addition compound that contains water in weak chemical combination with another compound. phenio.json CHEBI:35506 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkaloid fundamental parent phenio.json CHEBI:35507 biolink:ChemicalSubstance natural product fundamental parent phenio.json CHEBI:35508 biolink:ChemicalSubstance steroid fundamental parent phenio.json CHEBI:35509 biolink:ChemicalSubstance androstane phenio.json CHEBI:35515 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5alpha-cholestane The 5alpha-stereoisomer of cholestane. phenio.json CHEBI:35516 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholestane phenio.json CHEBI:35519 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholane phenio.json CHEBI:35522 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-adrenergic agonist An agent that selectively binds to and activates beta-adrenergic receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:35523 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bronchodilator agent An agent that causes an increase in the expansion of a bronchus or bronchial tubes. phenio.json CHEBI:35524 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sympathomimetic agent A drug that mimics the effects of stimulating postganglionic adrenergic sympathetic nerves. Included in this class are drugs that directly stimulate adrenergic receptors and drugs that act indirectly by provoking the release of adrenergic transmitters. phenio.json CHEBI:35526 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hypoglycemic agent A drug which lowers the blood glucose level. phenio.json CHEBI:35544 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor A compound or agent that combines with cyclooxygenases (EC 1.14.99.1) and thereby prevents its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of icosanoids, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes. phenio.json CHEBI:35545 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bipyridine phenio.json CHEBI:35550 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1H-1,2,4-triazole phenio.json CHEBI:35552 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heterocyclic organic fundamental parent phenio.json CHEBI:35554 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cardiovascular drug A drug that affects the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter or blood volume. phenio.json CHEBI:35555 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent phenio.json CHEBI:35560 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2,4-triazole phenio.json CHEBI:35561 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3H-1,2,4-triazole phenio.json CHEBI:35568 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mancude ring Any molecular entity that consists of a ring having (formally) the maximum number of noncumulative double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:35569 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-adrenergic agonist An agent that selectively binds to and activates alpha-adrenergic receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:35570 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mancude organic heterobicyclic parent phenio.json CHEBI:35571 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mancude organic heterocyclic parent phenio.json CHEBI:35573 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic mancude parent phenio.json CHEBI:35580 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-oxide phenio.json CHEBI:35581 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indole Either of two isomeric forms comprising a benzene ring fused to a pyrrole ring. phenio.json CHEBI:35584 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine A heterobicyclic aromatic organic compound comprising a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring; the parent compound of the purines. phenio.json CHEBI:35586 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1H-purine The 1H-tautomer of purine. phenio.json CHEBI:35588 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3H-purine The 3H-tautomer of purine. phenio.json CHEBI:35589 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 9H-purine The 9H-tautomer of purine. phenio.json CHEBI:35604 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon oxoanion A negative ion consisting solely of carbon and oxygen atoms, and therefore having the general formula CxOy(n-) for some integers x, y and n. phenio.json CHEBI:35605 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon oxoacid phenio.json CHEBI:35610 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antineoplastic agent A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. phenio.json CHEBI:35617 biolink:ChemicalSubstance flavouring agent A food additive that is used to added improve the taste or odour of a food. phenio.json CHEBI:35618 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic ether Any ether in which the oxygen is attached to at least one aryl substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:35620 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vasodilator agent A drug used to cause dilation of the blood vessels. phenio.json CHEBI:35621 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-aminobutyric acid An alpha-amino acid that is butyric acid bearing a single amino substituent located at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:35622 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiazolidines phenio.json CHEBI:35623 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anticonvulsant A drug used to prevent seizures or reduce their severity. phenio.json CHEBI:35625 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor An EC 3.5.2.* (non-peptide cyclic amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of beta-lactamase (EC 3.5.2.6). phenio.json CHEBI:35627 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-lactam A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a four-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:35640 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adrenergic uptake inhibitor Adrenergic uptake inhibitors are drugs that block the transport of adrenergic transmitters into axon terminals or into storage vesicles within terminals. The tricyclic antidepressants and amphetamines are among the therapeutically important drugs that may act via inhibition of adrenergic transport. Many of these drugs also block transport of serotonin. phenio.json CHEBI:356416 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-ammoniolevulinate The zwitterion formed from 5-aminolevulinic acid by transfer of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group. It is the major species present at physiological pH. phenio.json CHEBI:35649 biolink:ChemicalSubstance morphinan phenio.json CHEBI:35662 biolink:ChemicalSubstance terpenoid fundamental parent phenio.json CHEBI:35664 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor Any EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that inhibits HMG-CoA reductases. Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors have been shown to lower directly cholesterol synthesis. The Enzyme Commission designation is EC 1.1.1.34 for the NADPH-dependent enzyme and EC 1.1.1.88 for an NADH-dependent enzyme. phenio.json CHEBI:35674 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antihypertensive agent Any drug used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular hypertension regardless of pharmacological mechanism. phenio.json CHEBI:35678 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histamine agonist A drug that binds to and activates histamine receptors. Although they have been suggested for a variety of clinical applications, histamine agonists have so far been more widely used in research than therapeutically. phenio.json CHEBI:35679 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antilipemic drug A substance used to treat hyperlipidemia (an excess of lipids in the blood). phenio.json CHEBI:35681 biolink:ChemicalSubstance secondary alcohol A secondary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has two other carbon atoms attached to it. phenio.json CHEBI:35683 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aryl sulfide Any organic sulfide in which the sulfur is attached to at least one aromatic group. phenio.json CHEBI:35688 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzimidazolecarboxylic acid A member of the class of benzimidazoles carrying a carboxy group at unspecified position. phenio.json CHEBI:35689 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetrazoles An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains four N atoms and one C atom. phenio.json CHEBI:35690 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:35691 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:35692 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic acid Any carboxylic acid containing two carboxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35693 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic acid anion phenio.json CHEBI:35694 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclobutane-1,1-dicarboxylate(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:35695 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic acid monoanion Any dicarboxylic acid anion that is a monoanion obtained by the deprotonation of only one of the carboxy groups of the dicarboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:35701 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ester A compound formally derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l > 0) and an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol by linking with formal loss of water from an acidic hydroxy group of the former and a hydroxy group of the latter. phenio.json CHEBI:35702 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diethyl ether An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35703 biolink:ChemicalSubstance xenobiotic A xenobiotic (Greek, xenos "foreign"; bios "life") is a compound that is foreign to a living organism. Principal xenobiotics include: drugs, carcinogens and various compounds that have been introduced into the environment by artificial means. phenio.json CHEBI:35705 biolink:ChemicalSubstance immunosuppressive agent An agent that suppresses immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-cells or by inhibiting the activation of helper cells. In addition, an immunosuppressive agent is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to diminish the extent and/or voracity of an immune response. phenio.json CHEBI:35715 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitro compound A compound having a nitro group, -NO2 (free valence on nitrogen), which may be attached to carbon, nitrogen (as in nitramines), or oxygen (as in nitrates), among other elements (in the absence of specification, C-nitro compounds are usually implied). phenio.json CHEBI:35716 biolink:ChemicalSubstance C-nitro compound A nitro compound having the nitro group (-NO2) attached to a carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:35717 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sedative A central nervous system depressant used to induce drowsiness or sleep or to reduce psychological excitement or anxiety. phenio.json CHEBI:35718 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antifungal agent An antimicrobial agent that destroys fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. phenio.json CHEBI:35720 biolink:ChemicalSubstance enrofloxacin A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 4, a fluoro group at position 6, a cyclopropyl group at position 1 and a 4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 7. It is a veterinary antibacterial agent used for the treatment of pets. phenio.json CHEBI:35721 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heparan sulfates phenio.json CHEBI:35722 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfated glycosaminoglycan phenio.json CHEBI:35724 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbohydrate sulfate phenio.json CHEBI:35725 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isopropyl ester Any carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of propan-2-ol. phenio.json CHEBI:35727 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triazoles An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:35735 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic acid monoamide phenio.json CHEBI:35737 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monothiocarboxylic acid Compounds in which one oxygen of a carboxy group has been replaced by divalent sulfur; RC(=O)SH or RC(=S)OH. phenio.json CHEBI:35740 biolink:ChemicalSubstance liposaccharide phenio.json CHEBI:35741 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycerolipid Any member of the group of lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at least one fatty acid-derived group is attached. phenio.json CHEBI:35744 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbocyclic fatty acid Any fatty acid containing a ring composed of carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:35748 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid ester A carboxylic ester in which the carboxylic acid component can be any fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:35753 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tricarboxylic acid anion Any anion of a tricarboxylic acid formed by deprotonation of at least one carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:35757 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monocarboxylic acid anion A carboxylic acid anion formed when the carboxy group of a monocarboxylic acid is deprotonated. phenio.json CHEBI:35776 biolink:ChemicalSubstance arsenic oxoanion phenio.json CHEBI:35780 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphate ion A phosphorus oxoanion that is the conjugate base of phosphoric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:35782 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diphosphate ion phenio.json CHEBI:35785 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingoid Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:35786 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphosphingolipid phenio.json CHEBI:35788 biolink:ChemicalSubstance seco-steroid phenio.json CHEBI:35789 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo steroid phenio.json CHEBI:35790 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxazole An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom. phenio.json CHEBI:35794 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetrapyrrole fundamental parent phenio.json CHEBI:35804 biolink:ChemicalSubstance citrate(1-) A tricarboxylic acid monoanion that is the conjugate base of citric acid, obtained by deprotonation of one of the three carboxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35808 biolink:ChemicalSubstance citrate(2-) A tricarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of two of the three carboxy groups of citric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:35816 biolink:ChemicalSubstance leprostatic drug A substance that suppresses Mycobacterium leprae, ameliorates the clinical manifestations of leprosy, and/or reduces the incidence and severity of leprous reactions. phenio.json CHEBI:35819 biolink:ChemicalSubstance branched-chain fatty acid Any fatty acid in which the parent hydrocarbon chain has one or more alkyl substituents; a common component in animal and bacterial lipids. The fatty acyl chain is usually saturated and the substituent a methyl group; however, unsaturated BCFAs are found in marine animals, and branches other than methyl are found in microbial lipids. phenio.json CHEBI:35820 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antiprotozoal drug Any antimicrobial drug which is used to treat or prevent protozoal infections. phenio.json CHEBI:35821 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anticholesteremic drug A substance used to lower plasma cholesterol levels. phenio.json CHEBI:35825 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mandelic acid A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which two of the methyl hydrogens are substituted by phenyl and hydroxyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35842 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antirheumatic drug A drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. phenio.json CHEBI:35850 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfone An organosulfur compound having the structure RS(=O)2R (R =/= H). phenio.json CHEBI:35856 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lipoxygenase inhibitor A compound or agent that combines with lipoxygenase and thereby prevents its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of the icosanoid products hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid and various leukotrienes. phenio.json CHEBI:35862 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bacitracin A A homodetic cyclic peptide consisting of (4R)-2-[(1S,2S)-1-amino-2-methylbutyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid attached head-to-tail to L-leucyl,D-glutamyl, L-lysyl, D-ornityl, L-isoleucyl, D-phenylalanyl, L-histidyl. D-aspartyl and L-asparaginyl residues coupled in sequence and cyclised by condensation of the side-chain amino group of the L-lysyl residue with the C-terminal carboxylic acid group. It is the major component of bacitracin. phenio.json CHEBI:35868 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy monocarboxylic acid Any monocarboxylic acid which also contains a separate (alcoholic or phenolic) hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:35871 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo monocarboxylic acid Any monocarboxylic acid having at least one additional oxo functional group. phenio.json CHEBI:35875 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imidazopyrimidine phenio.json CHEBI:35881 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pnictogen hydride phenio.json CHEBI:35902 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo monocarboxylic acid anion phenio.json CHEBI:35903 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo carboxylic acid anion Any carboxylic acid anion containing at least one oxo group. phenio.json CHEBI:35907 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutarate(1-) A dicarboxylic acid monoanion that is the conjugate base of glutaric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:35910 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid Any monocarboxylic acid having a 2-oxo substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:35915 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sterol ester A steroid ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of any carboxylic acid with the 3-hydroxy group of a sterol. phenio.json CHEBI:35923 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroperoxide A monosubstitution product of hydrogen peroxide, HOOH. phenio.json CHEBI:35924 biolink:ChemicalSubstance peroxol Monosubstitution products of hydrogen peroxide HOOH, having the skeleton ROOH, in which R is any organyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:35931 biolink:ChemicalSubstance delta-amino acid A non-proteinogenic amino acid in which the amino group is located on the carbon atom at the position delta to the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:35942 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neurotransmitter agent A substance used for its pharmacological action on any aspect of neurotransmitter systems. Neurotransmitter agents include agonists, antagonists, degradation inhibitors, uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function. phenio.json CHEBI:35950 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:35969 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that has a hydroxy group beta to the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:35972 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid Any hydroxy monocarboxylic acid carrying at least two hydroxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35973 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion An oxo monocarboxylic acid anion having the oxo group located at the 3-position (R = H or organyl group). phenio.json CHEBI:35983 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 7-oxo monocarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:35987 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diamino acid Any amino acid carrying two amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:35992 biolink:ChemicalSubstance penams Natural and synthetic antibiotics containing the 4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-7-one structure, generally assumed to have the 5R configuration unless otherwise specified. phenio.json CHEBI:36005 biolink:ChemicalSubstance docosahexaenoic acid Any C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:36009 biolink:ChemicalSubstance omega-6 fatty acid A family of polyunsaturated fatty acids that have in common a final carbon-carbon double bond in the n-6 position, i.e., the sixth bond from the methyl end of the fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:36027 biolink:ChemicalSubstance stilbenol Any stilbenoid with at least one phenolic group. phenio.json CHEBI:36033 biolink:ChemicalSubstance icosatetraenoic acid A 20-carbon, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four double bonds at unspecified positions. phenio.json CHEBI:36039 biolink:ChemicalSubstance icosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoic acid Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 10 and 14. phenio.json CHEBI:36040 biolink:ChemicalSubstance icosa-6,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 6, 8, 11 and 14. phenio.json CHEBI:36043 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimicrobial drug A drug used to treat or prevent microbial infections. phenio.json CHEBI:36044 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antiviral drug A substance used in the prophylaxis or therapy of virus diseases. phenio.json CHEBI:36047 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antibacterial drug A drug used to treat or prevent bacterial infections. phenio.json CHEBI:36054 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzoate ester Esters of benzoic acid or substituted benzoic acids. phenio.json CHEBI:36059 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion Any monocarboxylic acid anion carrying at least one hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:36063 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxytocic A drug that stimulates contraction of the myometrium. Oxytocics are used to induce labour, obstetric at term, to prevent or control postpartum or postabortion haemorrhage, and to assess foetal status in high risk pregnancies. They may also be used alone or with other drugs to induce abortions (abortifacients). phenio.json CHEBI:36064 biolink:ChemicalSubstance taxane phenio.json CHEBI:36066 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostaglandins Falpha phenio.json CHEBI:36078 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholanoid phenio.json CHEBI:36080 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protein A biological macromolecule minimally consisting of one polypeptide chain synthesized at the ribosome. phenio.json CHEBI:36093 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic chloride phenio.json CHEBI:36109 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperidinecarboxylate phenio.json CHEBI:36110 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pipecolate A piperidinecarboxylate that is the conjugate base of pipecolic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:36132 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alicyclic ketone A cyclic ketone in which the carbocyclic ring structure which may be saturated or unsaturated, but may not be a benzenoid or other aromatic system. phenio.json CHEBI:36141 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quinone Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included). phenio.json CHEBI:36145 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo dicarboxylic acid Any dicarboxylic acid carrying one or more oxo groups. phenio.json CHEBI:36147 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo dicarboxylate phenio.json CHEBI:36158 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metalloprotoporphyrin A metal--protoporphyrin coordination complex. phenio.json CHEBI:36159 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protoporphyrinate phenio.json CHEBI:36164 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino dicarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:36180 biolink:ChemicalSubstance butenedioate phenio.json CHEBI:36186 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:36205 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclobutanedicarboxylate phenio.json CHEBI:36233 biolink:ChemicalSubstance disaccharide A compound in which two monosaccharides are joined by a glycosidic bond. phenio.json CHEBI:36235 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bile acid anion phenio.json CHEBI:36237 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholanic acid A steroid acid that consists of cholane having a carboxy group in place of the methyl group at position 24. phenio.json CHEBI:36238 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5beta-cholanic acid phenio.json CHEBI:36242 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by removal of a proton from the carboxylic acid group of 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:36244 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic acid monoester A monoester of a dicarboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:36248 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5beta-cholanic acids Members of the class of cholanic acids based on a 5beta-cholane skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:36275 biolink:ChemicalSubstance HETE Any monohydroxylated icosanoid having four double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:36277 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bile acid salt A salt of a bile acid. phenio.json CHEBI:36278 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholanic acids phenio.json CHEBI:36299 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tricarboxylic acid monoanion phenio.json CHEBI:36300 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tricarboxylic acid dianion phenio.json CHEBI:36306 biolink:ChemicalSubstance icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14. phenio.json CHEBI:36309 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic tetrapyrrole phenio.json CHEBI:36313 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycerophosphocholine The glycerol phosphate ester of a phosphocholine. A nutrient with many different roles in human health. phenio.json CHEBI:36314 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycerophosphoethanolamine phenio.json CHEBI:36315 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycerophosphoinositol Any glycerophospholipid having the polar alcohol inositol esterified to the phosphate group at the sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone. phenio.json CHEBI:36326 biolink:ChemicalSubstance octadecanoid Unsaturated C18 fatty acids and skeletally related compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:36328 biolink:ChemicalSubstance HODE Hydroxy-octadecadienoic acids, formed in mammalian cells from the corresponding hydroperoxy compounds (HPODEs). phenio.json CHEBI:36329 biolink:ChemicalSubstance HPODE Hydroperoxy-octadecadienoic acids, formed in mammalian cells by peroxidation of linoleic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:36333 biolink:ChemicalSubstance local anaesthetic Any member of a group of drugs that reversibly inhibit the propagation of signals along nerves. Wide variations in potency, stability, toxicity, water-solubility and duration of action determine the route used for administration, e.g. topical, intravenous, epidural or spinal block. phenio.json CHEBI:36335 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trypanocidal drug A drug used to treat or prevent infections caused by protozoal organisms belonging to the suborder Trypanosomatida. phenio.json CHEBI:36336 biolink:ChemicalSubstance naphthalenesulfonic acid phenio.json CHEBI:36338 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lepton Lepton is a fermion that does not experience the strong force (strong interaction). The term is derived from the Greek lambdaepsilonpitauomicronsigma (small, thin). phenio.json CHEBI:36339 biolink:ChemicalSubstance baryon Baryon is a fermion that does experience the strong force (strong interaction). The term is derived from the Greek betaalpharhoupsilonsigma (heavy). phenio.json CHEBI:36340 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fermion Particle of half-integer spin quantum number following Fermi-Dirac statistics. Fermions are named after Enrico Fermi. phenio.json CHEBI:36341 biolink:ChemicalSubstance boson Particle of integer spin quantum number following Bose-Einstein statistics. Bosons are named after Satyendra Nath Bose. phenio.json CHEBI:36342 biolink:ChemicalSubstance subatomic particle A particle smaller than an atom. phenio.json CHEBI:36343 biolink:ChemicalSubstance composite particle A subatomic particle known to have substructure (i.e. consisting of smaller particles). phenio.json CHEBI:36344 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hadron Hadron is a subatomic particle which experiences the strong force. phenio.json CHEBI:36347 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nuclear particle A nucleus or any of its constituents in any of their energy states. phenio.json CHEBI:36357 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyatomic entity Any molecular entity consisting of more than one atom. phenio.json CHEBI:36358 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyatomic ion An ion consisting of more than one atom. phenio.json CHEBI:36359 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphorus oxoacid derivative phenio.json CHEBI:36360 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphorus oxoacids and derivatives phenio.json CHEBI:36361 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphorous acid phenio.json CHEBI:36364 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkaline earth salt phenio.json CHEBI:3638 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chloroquine An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis. phenio.json CHEBI:36380 biolink:ChemicalSubstance emetan phenio.json CHEBI:36386 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dichloroacetic acid An organochlorine compound comprising acetic acid carrying two chloro substituents at the 2-position. It occurs in nature in seaweed, Asparagopsis taxiformis. phenio.json CHEBI:36388 biolink:ChemicalSubstance saturated organic heterocyclic parent phenio.json CHEBI:36389 biolink:ChemicalSubstance saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent phenio.json CHEBI:3639 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chlorothalonil A dinitrile that is benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile substituted by four chloro groups. A non-systemic fungicide first introduced in the 1960s, it is used to control a range of diseases in a wide variety of crops. phenio.json CHEBI:36416 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mancude organic heterotricyclic parent phenio.json CHEBI:36477 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfoglycosphingolipid phenio.json CHEBI:36498 biolink:ChemicalSubstance galactosylceramide Any of the cerebrosides in which the monosaccharide head group is galactose. phenio.json CHEBI:36500 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucosylceramide Any of the cerebrosides in which the monosaccharide head group is glucose. phenio.json CHEBI:36508 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycotriaosylceramide phenio.json CHEBI:36520 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oligoglycosylceramide phenio.json CHEBI:36526 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acidic glycosphingolipid phenio.json CHEBI:36527 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycosylsphingoid phenio.json CHEBI:36544 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sialodiosylceramide A ganglioside in which the number of residues in the oligosaccharide chain is two. phenio.json CHEBI:36563 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zinc group coordination entity phenio.json CHEBI:36566 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zinc coordination entity phenio.json CHEBI:36586 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbonyl compound Any compound containing the carbonyl group, C=O. The term is commonly used in the restricted sense of aldehydes and ketones, although it actually includes carboxylic acids and derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:36587 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic oxo compound Organic compounds containing an oxygen atom, =O, doubly bonded to carbon or another element. phenio.json CHEBI:36606 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acid anhydride Compounds consisting of two acyl groups bonded to the same oxygen atom acyl-O-acyl. phenio.json CHEBI:36608 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acyclic acid anhydride phenio.json CHEBI:36622 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzimidazole A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is a heterocyclic organic compound comprising fused benzene and imidazole rings. phenio.json CHEBI:36623 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4H-benzimidazole phenio.json CHEBI:36624 biolink:ChemicalSubstance naphthyridine Any one of eight organic heterobicyclic compounds that have a naphthalene skeleton in which two of the carbons are replaced by nitrogens. A 'closed' class. phenio.json CHEBI:36628 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,8-naphthyridine A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are situated at positions 1 and 8. phenio.json CHEBI:36639 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2H-benzimidazole phenio.json CHEBI:36641 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3aH-benzimidazole phenio.json CHEBI:36683 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organochlorine compound An organochlorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chlorine bond. phenio.json CHEBI:36685 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chlorocarboxylic acid A carboxylic acid containing at least one chloro group. phenio.json CHEBI:36688 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heterotricyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:36699 biolink:ChemicalSubstance corticosteroid hormone Any of a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex. phenio.json CHEBI:36700 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphocholines Any compound having phosphocholine as part of its structure. phenio.json CHEBI:36709 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminoquinoline Any member of the class of quinolines in which the quinoline skeleton is substituted by one or more amino or substituted-amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:36711 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphoethanolamine phenio.json CHEBI:36723 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (20R)-17,20-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one phenio.json CHEBI:36726 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 17,20-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one A C21-steroid that is pregnane which contains a double bond between positions 4 and 5 and is substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and by hydroxy groups at the 17alpha and 20 positions. phenio.json CHEBI:36735 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biladienes Compounds based on a biladiene skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:36756 biolink:ChemicalSubstance farnesane A sesquiterpene that is dodecane substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 6 and 10. phenio.json CHEBI:36757 biolink:ChemicalSubstance farnesane sesquiterpenoid phenio.json CHEBI:36785 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbobicyclic compound A bicyclic compound in which all the ring atoms are carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:36810 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (trifluoromethyl)benzene A fluorohydrocarbon that is fluoroform in which the hydrogen is substituted by a phenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:36816 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxime O-ether O-organyl oximes R2C=NOR' (R' =/= H). phenio.json CHEBI:36818 biolink:ChemicalSubstance seco-cholestane phenio.json CHEBI:36820 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ring assembly Two or more cyclic systems (single rings or fused systems) which are directly joined to each other by double or single bonds are named ring assemblies when the number of such direct ring junctions is one less than the number of cyclic systems involved. phenio.json CHEBI:36823 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pseudohalo group phenio.json CHEBI:36828 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pseudohalide anion phenio.json CHEBI:36829 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyatomic monoanion phenio.json CHEBI:36830 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoanion phenio.json CHEBI:36834 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-hydroxy steroid Any hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy group at position 3. phenio.json CHEBI:36835 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3alpha-hydroxy steroid A 3-hydroxy steroid in which the 3-hydroxy substituent is in the alpha-position. phenio.json CHEBI:36836 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3beta-hydroxy steroid A 3-hydroxy steroid in which the 3-hydroxy substituent is in the beta-position. phenio.json CHEBI:36838 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 17-hydroxy steroid A hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy group at position 17. phenio.json CHEBI:36841 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 11-hydroxy steroid phenio.json CHEBI:36848 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-hydroxy steroid phenio.json CHEBI:36853 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy seco-steroid phenio.json CHEBI:36854 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 20-hydroxy steroid Any hydroxy steroid that in which the steroid skeleton contains a hydroxy substituent at position 20. phenio.json CHEBI:36856 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen isocyanide phenio.json CHEBI:36860 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 14-hydroxy steroid phenio.json CHEBI:36862 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 14beta-hydroxy steroid A 14-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group has a beta-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:36871 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic radical phenio.json CHEBI:36873 biolink:ChemicalSubstance radical anion phenio.json CHEBI:36875 biolink:ChemicalSubstance radical ion A radical that carries an electric charge. phenio.json CHEBI:36876 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic radical anion phenio.json CHEBI:36878 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic radical ion phenio.json CHEBI:36885 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 20-oxo steroid An oxo steroid carrying an oxo group at position 20. phenio.json CHEBI:36887 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 18-oxo steroid phenio.json CHEBI:36892 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental fluorine phenio.json CHEBI:36893 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental iodine phenio.json CHEBI:36895 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic fluorine phenio.json CHEBI:36897 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoatomic iodine phenio.json CHEBI:36902 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chalcogen hydride phenio.json CHEBI:36914 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic ion phenio.json CHEBI:36915 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic cation phenio.json CHEBI:36916 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cation A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the proton. phenio.json CHEBI:36919 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimony molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:36920 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimony oxoacid phenio.json CHEBI:36921 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimony oxoanion phenio.json CHEBI:36961 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chalcocarbonic acid phenio.json CHEBI:36962 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organochalcogen compound An organochalcogen compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chalcogen bond. phenio.json CHEBI:36963 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organooxygen compound An organochalcogen compound containing at least one carbon-oxygen bond. phenio.json CHEBI:36970 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vitamin B6 phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:36976 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleotide A nucleotide is a nucleoside phosphate resulting from the condensation of the 3 or 5 hydroxy group of a nucleoside with phosphoric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:36980 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridine nucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:36982 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic purine nucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:36988 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5'-deoxyribonucleoside phenio.json CHEBI:37007 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nicotinamide dinucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:37010 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37015 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleoside 5'-phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37021 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37022 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino-acid anion phenio.json CHEBI:37024 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-aminoadipic acid An alpha-amino acid that is adipic acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. An intermediate in the formation of lysine. phenio.json CHEBI:37038 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37039 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37045 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37054 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-hydroxybutyrate A hydroxy fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of 3-hydroxybutyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:37070 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-methylbutyric acid A methylbutyric acid comprising a butyric acid core carrying a 2-methyl substituent. Produced from amino acid leucine during nutrient starvation in bacteria. phenio.json CHEBI:37075 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37076 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37096 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine 5'-phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37121 biolink:ChemicalSubstance guanosine 5'-phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37123 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside bisphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37141 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organobromine compound A compound containing at least one carbon-bromine bond. phenio.json CHEBI:37142 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organoiodine compound An organoiodine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-iodine bond. phenio.json CHEBI:37143 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organofluorine compound An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond. phenio.json CHEBI:37153 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor Any EC 3.1.3.* (phosphoric monoester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of phosphoprotein phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.16). phenio.json CHEBI:37154 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fumarate(1-) A hydrogen butenedioate obtained by deprotonation of one of the carboxy groups of fumaric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:37155 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen butenedioate phenio.json CHEBI:37163 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucan A polysaccharide composed of glucose residues. phenio.json CHEBI:37164 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homopolysaccharide Glycans composed of a single type of monosaccharide residue. They are named by replacing the ending '-ose' of the sugar by '-an'. phenio.json CHEBI:37175 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic hydride phenio.json CHEBI:37176 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mononuclear parent hydride phenio.json CHEBI:37206 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexol A polyol that contains 6 hydroxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:37240 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37246 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental sodium phenio.json CHEBI:37247 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental potassium phenio.json CHEBI:37253 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental zinc phenio.json CHEBI:37257 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phytanate A branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of phytanic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group. phenio.json CHEBI:3732 biolink:ChemicalSubstance clarithromycin The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis. phenio.json CHEBI:37323 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 7,8-dimethylisoalloxazine A 7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4-dione that is isoalloxazine substituted by methyl groups at positions 7 and 8. phenio.json CHEBI:37324 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4-dione phenio.json CHEBI:37325 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alloxazine phenio.json CHEBI:37326 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzo[g]pteridine-2,4-dione phenio.json CHEBI:37327 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoalloxazine phenio.json CHEBI:37328 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:37332 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tropane alkaloid phenio.json CHEBI:37395 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mucopolysaccharide Any of the group of polysaccharides composed of alternating units from uronic acids and glycosamines, and commonly partially esterified with sulfuric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:37396 biolink:ChemicalSubstance proteoglycan A glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are polysaccharides that contain amino sugars. The protein is glycosylated by one or more (up to about 100) glycosaminoglycans. phenio.json CHEBI:37397 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chondroitin sulfate Any of a class of 10--60 kDa glycosaminoglycan sulfates, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues. phenio.json CHEBI:37404 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental copper phenio.json CHEBI:37407 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic ether Any ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a ring. phenio.json CHEBI:37415 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-amanitin A heterodetic cyclic peptide consisting of eight amino acid residues and containing a thioether bridge between a cysteine and a tryptophan residue. It is found in a number of poisonous mushrooms, including Amanita phalloides (the death cap), Galerina marginata, and and Conocybe filaris. phenio.json CHEBI:37416 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor An EC 2.7.7.* (nucleotidyltransferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of RNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.6). phenio.json CHEBI:37445 biolink:ChemicalSubstance folic acids A group of heterocyclic compounds based on the pteroic acid skeleton conjugated with one or more L-glutamic acid units. phenio.json CHEBI:3745 biolink:ChemicalSubstance clindamycin A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic. phenio.json CHEBI:37480 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-galactopyranose 1-phosphate A D-galactose phosphate that consists of D-galactopyranose having a single phospho substituent located at the 1-position. It is an intermediate obtained during the the galactose metabolism. phenio.json CHEBI:3749 biolink:ChemicalSubstance clofazimine 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients. phenio.json CHEBI:37526 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tigliane phenio.json CHEBI:37527 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acid An acid is a molecular entity capable of donating a hydron (Bronsted acid) or capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (Lewis acid). phenio.json CHEBI:37532 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phorbol ester Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C. phenio.json CHEBI:37533 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azo compound Derivatives of diazene with the general structure R-N=N-R'. phenio.json CHEBI:37550 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingosine 1-phosphate A phosphosphingolipid that consists of sphingosine having a phospho group attached at position 1 phenio.json CHEBI:37577 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heteroatomic molecular entity A molecular entity consisting of two or more chemical elements. phenio.json CHEBI:37578 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halide Any heteroatomic molecular entity that is a chemical compound of halogen with other chemical elements. phenio.json CHEBI:37581 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gamma-lactone A lactone having a five-membered lactone ring. phenio.json CHEBI:37584 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nicotinic acid dinucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:37598 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrogen mustard Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR. phenio.json CHEBI:37617 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldehydo-L-galactose phenio.json CHEBI:37618 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-galactose phenio.json CHEBI:37619 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-galactopyranose The L-enantiomer of galactopyranose. phenio.json CHEBI:37620 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-L-galactose A L-galactopyranose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position. phenio.json CHEBI:37621 biolink:ChemicalSubstance galactopyranose The pyranose form of galactose. phenio.json CHEBI:37622 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboxamide An amide of a carboxylic acid, having the structure RC(=O)NR2. The term is used as a suffix in systematic name formation to denote the -C(=O)NH2 group including its carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:37624 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-glucose phenio.json CHEBI:37627 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-glucopyranose The L-enantiomer of glucopyranose. phenio.json CHEBI:37630 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-L-glucose A L-glucopyranose with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position. phenio.json CHEBI:37631 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-L-glucose A L-glucopyranose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position. phenio.json CHEBI:3766 biolink:ChemicalSubstance clozapine A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia. phenio.json CHEBI:37661 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucopyranose phenio.json CHEBI:37662 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldehydo-galactose phenio.json CHEBI:37670 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protease inhibitor A compound which inhibits or antagonizes the biosynthesis or actions of proteases (endopeptidases). phenio.json CHEBI:37684 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mannose An aldohexose that is the C-2 epimer of glucose. phenio.json CHEBI:37699 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protein kinase inhibitor An EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of protein kinases. phenio.json CHEBI:37700 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor An EC 2.7.11.* (protein-serine/threonine kinase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of protein kinase C (EC 2.7.11.13). phenio.json CHEBI:37716 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mixed diacylamine Any imide in which the acyl substituents are any two from carboacyl, sulfonyl and phosphoryl phenio.json CHEBI:37733 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8). phenio.json CHEBI:37734 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphoric ester phenio.json CHEBI:37739 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycerophospholipid Any glycerolipid having a phosphate group ester-linked to a terminal carbon of the glycerol backbone. phenio.json CHEBI:37749 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halogen oxide phenio.json CHEBI:37750 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chlorine oxide phenio.json CHEBI:37786 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acyclic phosphorus acid anhydride phenio.json CHEBI:37793 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino sulfonic acid An organosulfonic acid containing one or more amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:37806 biolink:ChemicalSubstance penicillanic acid A penam that consists of 3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane bearing a carboxy group at position 2 and having (2S,5R)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:37808 biolink:ChemicalSubstance butane A straight chain alkane composed of 4 carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:37826 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfuric acid derivative phenio.json CHEBI:37834 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraene phenio.json CHEBI:37835 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkatetraene Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having four carbon-carbon double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:37838 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboacyl group A carboacyl group is a group formed by loss of at least one OH from the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:37845 biolink:ChemicalSubstance growth hormone A hormone that specifically regulates growth. phenio.json CHEBI:37848 biolink:ChemicalSubstance plant hormone A plant growth regulator that modulates the formation of stems, leaves and flowers, as well as the development and ripening of fruit. The term includes endogenous and non-endogenous compounds (e.g. active compounds produced by bacteria on the leaf surface) as well as semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:37852 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organoammonium sulfate salt phenio.json CHEBI:37853 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphate salt phenio.json CHEBI:37863 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chalcoperoxol phenio.json CHEBI:37886 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adrenergic agonist An agent that selectively binds to and activates adrenergic receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:37887 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adrenergic antagonist An agent that binds to but does not activate adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of endogenous or exogenous adrenergic agonists. phenio.json CHEBI:37890 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-adrenergic antagonist An agent that binds to but does not activate alpha-adrenergic receptors thereby blocking the actions of endogenous or exogenous alpha-adrenergic agonists. alpha-Adrenergic antagonists are used in the treatment of hypertension, vasospasm, peripheral vascular disease, shock, and pheochromocytoma. phenio.json CHEBI:37912 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxycoumarin Any coumarin carrying at least one hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:37930 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenothiazine antipsychotic drug phenio.json CHEBI:37931 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 10H-phenothiazine The 10H-tautomer of phenothiazine. phenio.json CHEBI:37932 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenothiazine phenio.json CHEBI:37933 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4aH-phenothiazine phenio.json CHEBI:37934 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1H-phenothiazine phenio.json CHEBI:37935 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3H-phenothiazine phenio.json CHEBI:37941 biolink:ChemicalSubstance clopidogrel A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks. phenio.json CHEBI:37942 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thienopyridine Any organic heterobicyclic compound whose skeleton results from the formal ortho-fusion of any bond of a pyridine with any bond of a thiophene. phenio.json CHEBI:37943 biolink:ChemicalSubstance colistin A multi-component mixture comprising mostly of colistin A (R = Me) and B (R = H), with small amounts of colistin C and other polymyxins, produced by certain strains of Bacillus polymyxa var. colistinus. An antibiotic, it is used as its sulfate salt (for oral or topical use) or as the sodium salt of the N-methylsulfonic acid derivative (the injectable form) in the treatment of severe Gram-negative infections, partiularly those due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. phenio.json CHEBI:37947 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzothiazoles phenio.json CHEBI:37948 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxaspiro compound A spiro compound in which at least one of the cyclic components is an oxygen heterocyle. phenio.json CHEBI:37949 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azacycloalkane phenio.json CHEBI:37955 biolink:ChemicalSubstance H1-receptor antagonist H1-receptor antagonists are the drugs that selectively bind to but do not activate histamine H1 receptors, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous histamine. phenio.json CHEBI:37956 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histamine antagonist Histamine antagonists are the drugs that bind to but do not activate histamine receptors, thereby blocking the actions of histamine or histamine agonists. phenio.json CHEBI:37957 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histaminergic drug Drugs used for their actions on histaminergic systems. phenio.json CHEBI:37958 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dye phenio.json CHEBI:37962 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adrenergic agent Any agent that acts on an adrenergic receptor or affects the life cycle of an adrenergic transmitter. phenio.json CHEBI:37963 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyranone Any of a class of cyclic chemical compounds that contain an unsaturated six-membered ring with one ring oxygen atom and an oxo substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:38012 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminoglycoside sulfate salt phenio.json CHEBI:38032 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbotricyclic compound A carbopolyclic compound comprising of three carbocyclic rings. phenio.json CHEBI:38068 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimalarial A drug used in the treatment of malaria. Antimalarials are usually classified on the basis of their action against Plasmodia at different stages in their life cycle in the human. phenio.json CHEBI:38070 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anti-arrhythmia drug A drug used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. Anti-arrhythmia drugs may affect the polarisation-repolarisation phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibres. phenio.json CHEBI:38077 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polypyrrole A compound composed of two or more pyrrole units. phenio.json CHEBI:38092 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cardenolide glycoside Any member of the class of cardenolides with glycosyl residues attached to position 3. phenio.json CHEBI:38093 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenothiazines phenio.json CHEBI:38099 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiadiazoles phenio.json CHEBI:38101 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organonitrogen heterocyclic compound Any organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:38102 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triazines Compounds based on a triazine skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:38104 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxacycle Any organic heterocyclic compound containing at least one ring oxygen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:38106 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organosulfur heterocyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:38119 biolink:ChemicalSubstance brassinin phenio.json CHEBI:38124 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dialdehyde Any aldehyde with two aldehyde groups. phenio.json CHEBI:38127 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiocarbamic ester Any organonitrogen compound with formula RS-C(=X)NH2 where X = O (monothiocarbamic esters) or S (dithiocarbamic esters), or their N-substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:38129 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dithiocarbamic ester Any ester derived from a member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids by formal replacement of the -SH group by -SR, where R is an organyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:38131 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lactol Cyclic hemiacetals formed by intramolecular addition of a hydroxy group to an aldehydic or ketonic carbonyl group. They are thus 1-oxacycloalkan-2-ols or unsaturated analogues. phenio.json CHEBI:38147 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cardiotonic drug A drug that has a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output. phenio.json CHEBI:3815 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Collagen phenio.json CHEBI:38157 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iron chelator phenio.json CHEBI:38161 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chelator A ligand with two or more separate binding sites that can bind to a single metallic central atom, forming a chelate. phenio.json CHEBI:38163 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic heterotetracyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:38164 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic heteropentacyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:38166 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic heteropolycyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:38179 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monocyclic heteroarene phenio.json CHEBI:38180 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polycyclic heteroarene phenio.json CHEBI:38181 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridinemonocarboxylate A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of a pyridinemonocarboxylic acid. A 'closed class'. phenio.json CHEBI:38182 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monohydroxypyridine A hydroxypyridine carrying a single hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:38186 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isonicotinate A pyridinemonocarboxylate resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of isonicotinic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:38187 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridinecarbaldehyde phenio.json CHEBI:38195 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5beta-hydroxy steroid phenio.json CHEBI:38196 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxymethylpyridine Any member of the class of pyridines carrying a hydroxymethyl substituent at unspecified position. phenio.json CHEBI:38198 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminoalkylpyridine phenio.json CHEBI:38215 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium channel blocker One of a class of drugs that acts by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cell membranes or on the release and binding of calcium in intracellular pools. phenio.json CHEBI:38216 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3,3'-(biphenyl-4,4'-diyldidiazene-2,1-diyl)bis(4-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonate) phenio.json CHEBI:38217 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3,3'-(biphenyl-4,4'-diyldidiazene-2,1-diyl)bis(4-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid) phenio.json CHEBI:38218 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isophthalonitrile phenio.json CHEBI:38222 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrocarbyl anion phenio.json CHEBI:38231 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phytotoxin Any toxin produced by a plant. phenio.json CHEBI:38234 biolink:ChemicalSubstance DNA polymerase inhibitor Any inhibitor of a DNA polymerase. phenio.json CHEBI:38260 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrrolidines Any of a class of heterocyclic amines having a saturated five-membered ring. phenio.json CHEBI:38261 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imidazolidines phenio.json CHEBI:38263 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid An alpha-amino acid that is butanoic acid substituted by an amino group at position 2 and a hydroxy group at position 3. phenio.json CHEBI:38264 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid A branched chain amino acid that consists of 3-methylpentanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:38275 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrrolidinone phenio.json CHEBI:38290 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-ascorbate The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants. phenio.json CHEBI:38295 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azabicycloalkane phenio.json CHEBI:38297 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiabicycloalkane phenio.json CHEBI:38298 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzodioxoles phenio.json CHEBI:38304 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diazolidine phenio.json CHEBI:38311 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cephem phenio.json CHEBI:38313 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diazines Any organic heterocyclic compound containing a benzene ring in which two of the C-H fragments have been replaced by isolobal nitrogens (the diazine parent structure). phenio.json CHEBI:38314 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrazines phenio.json CHEBI:38315 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-D-arabinoside phenio.json CHEBI:38316 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidinecarboxylate anion phenio.json CHEBI:38323 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholinergic drug Any drug used for its actions on cholinergic systems. Included here are agonists and antagonists, drugs that affect the life cycle of acetylcholine, and drugs that affect the survival of cholinergic neurons. phenio.json CHEBI:38324 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholinergic agonist Any drug that binds to and activates cholinergic receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:38325 biolink:ChemicalSubstance muscarinic agonist Any drug that binds to and activates a muscarinic cholinergic receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:38329 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxazolidines phenio.json CHEBI:38337 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidone A pyrimidine carrying one or more oxo substituents. phenio.json CHEBI:38338 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminopyrimidine A member of the class of pyrimidines that is pyrimidine substituted by at least one amino group and its derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:38355 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hex-4-enoic acid A hexenoic acid with the double bond at position 4. phenio.json CHEBI:38418 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,3-thiazoles phenio.json CHEBI:38443 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-benzopyran phenio.json CHEBI:38445 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chromenone phenio.json CHEBI:38461 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbamate insecticide Derivatives of carbamic acid with insecticidal properties of general formula ROC(=O)NR(1)R(2), where ROH is an alcohol, oxime, or phenol and R(1) is hydrogen or methyl. Like organophosphate insecticides, they are cholinesterase inhibitors, but carbamate insecticides differ in action from the organophosphates in that the inhibitory effect on cholinesterase is generally brief. phenio.json CHEBI:38462 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of enzyme acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7), which helps breaking down of acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:38468 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indol-3-yl carboxylic acid anion phenio.json CHEBI:38496 biolink:ChemicalSubstance electron-transport chain inhibitor phenio.json CHEBI:38497 biolink:ChemicalSubstance respiratory-chain inhibitor phenio.json CHEBI:38498 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor phenio.json CHEBI:38499 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor phenio.json CHEBI:38500 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor An EC 1.9.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor heme group, oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of cytochrome c oxidase (EC 1.9.3.1). phenio.json CHEBI:38502 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor phenio.json CHEBI:38503 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.6.5.3 [NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H(+)-translocating)] inhibitor A respiratory-chain inhibitor that interferes with the action of the the enzyme NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H(+)-translocating), EC 1.6.5.3. phenio.json CHEBI:38515 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parent phenio.json CHEBI:38530 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quinazolines Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:38532 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrazone Compounds having the structure R2C=NNR2, formally derived from aldehydes or ketones by replacing =O by =NNH2 (or substituted analogues). phenio.json CHEBI:38534 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-(methylsulfanyl)acetaldoxime phenio.json CHEBI:38560 biolink:ChemicalSubstance simple protein phenio.json CHEBI:38582 biolink:ChemicalSubstance difluorobenzene Any member of the class of fluorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring carrying two fluorine atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:38584 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,3-difluorobenzene A difluorobenzene carrying fluoro groups at positions 1 and 3. phenio.json CHEBI:38597 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triazole phenio.json CHEBI:38623 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor An EC 1.4.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH2 group, oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of monoamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4). phenio.json CHEBI:38631 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminoalkylindole phenio.json CHEBI:38632 biolink:ChemicalSubstance membrane transport modulator Any agent that affects the transport of molecular entities across a biological membrane. phenio.json CHEBI:38633 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sodium channel blocker An agent that inhibits sodium influx through cell membranes. phenio.json CHEBI:38637 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tyrosine kinase inhibitor Any protein kinase inhibitor that interferes with the action of tyrosine kinase. phenio.json CHEBI:38653 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylbutyric acid A methyl-branched fatty acid comprising a butyric acid core carrying a single methyl substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:38655 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-2-methylbutyric acid The (S)-enantiomer of 2-methylbutanoic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:38700 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic sodium salt phenio.json CHEBI:38702 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic sodium salt phenio.json CHEBI:38716 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboxylic acid dianion Any dianion containing at least one carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:38717 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboxylic acid trianion A trianion containing at least one carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:38773 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quinolinemonocarboxylate A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the monoanion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group attached to the quinoline skeleton phenio.json CHEBI:38777 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azetidines phenio.json CHEBI:38785 biolink:ChemicalSubstance morpholines Any compound containing morpholine as part of its structure. phenio.json CHEBI:38793 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pteroate phenio.json CHEBI:38794 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pteroic acid phenio.json CHEBI:38795 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pteroic acids phenio.json CHEBI:38796 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pteroates phenio.json CHEBI:38807 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium channel agonist Agents that increase calcium influx into calcium channels of excitable tissues. phenio.json CHEBI:38808 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium channel modulator A membrane transport modulator that is able to regulate intracellular calcium levels. phenio.json CHEBI:38809 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ryanodine receptor modulator phenio.json CHEBI:38824 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluorocarbon Compounds consisting wholly of fluorine and carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:38825 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetrafluoromethane phenio.json CHEBI:38831 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-benzofurans phenio.json CHEBI:38856 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halophenol phenio.json CHEBI:38867 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anaesthetic Substance which produces loss of feeling or sensation. phenio.json CHEBI:38869 biolink:ChemicalSubstance general anaesthetic Substance that produces loss of consciousness. phenio.json CHEBI:38870 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inhalation anaesthetic phenio.json CHEBI:38877 biolink:ChemicalSubstance intravenous anaesthetic phenio.json CHEBI:3892 biolink:ChemicalSubstance corticotropin A polypeptide hormone produced and secreted by the pituitary gland comprising 39 amino acid residues coupled in a linear sequence. The N-terminal 24-amino acid segment is identical in all species and contains the adrenocorticotrophic activity. Corticotropin stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland and boosts the synthesis of corticosteroids, mainly glucocorticoids but also sex steroids (androgens). It is used in the treatment of certain neurological disorders such as infantile spasms and multiple sclerosis, and diagnostically to investigate adrenocortical insufficiency. phenio.json CHEBI:38922 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dibenzofurans Any organic heterotricyclic compound based on a dibenzofuran skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof. phenio.json CHEBI:38924 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dibenzothiepine phenio.json CHEBI:38925 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzopteridine phenio.json CHEBI:38932 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridopyrimidine Any organic heterobicyclic compound consisting of a pyridine ring ortho-fused at any position to a pyrimidine ring. phenio.json CHEBI:38958 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indole alkaloid An alkaloid containing an indole skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:38975 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylbenzene Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:38976 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkylbenzene A monocyclic arene that is benzene substituted with one or more alkyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:39000 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sodium channel modulator phenio.json CHEBI:39015 biolink:ChemicalSubstance apolipoprotein Protein component on the surface of lipoprotein. phenio.json CHEBI:39022 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inclusion compound A complex in which one component (the host) forms a cavity or, in the case of a crystal, a crystal lattice containing spaces in the shape of long tunnels or channels in which molecular entities of a second chemical species (the guest) are located. There is no covalent bonding between guest and host, the attraction being generally due to van der Waals forces. phenio.json CHEBI:39024 biolink:ChemicalSubstance clathrate compound Inclusion compound in which the guest molecule is in a cage formed by the host molecule or by a lattice of host molecules. phenio.json CHEBI:39025 biolink:ChemicalSubstance high-density lipoprotein A class of lipoproteins of small size (4-13 nm) and dense (greater than 1.063 g/ml) particles. They are synthesized in the liver without a lipid core, accumulate cholesterol esters from peripheral tissues and transport them to the liver for re-utilization or elimination from the body (the reverse cholesterol transport). phenio.json CHEBI:39026 biolink:ChemicalSubstance low-density lipoprotein A class of lipoproteins of small size (18-25 nm) and low density (1.019-1.063 g/ml) particles with a core composed mainly of cholesterol esters and smaller amounts of triglycerides. The surface monolayer consists mostly of phospholipids, a single copy of apolipoprotein B-100, and free cholesterol molecules. The main function of LDL is to transport cholesterol and cholesterol esters from the liver. Excessive levels are associated with cardiovascular disease. phenio.json CHEBI:39027 biolink:ChemicalSubstance very-low-density lipoprotein A class of lipoproteins of large size (30-80 nm), very low density (0.93-1.006 g/ml) particles with a core composed mainly of triglycerides and a surface monolayer of phospholipids and cholesterol into which are imbedded the apolipoproteins B, E, and C. VLDL facilitate the transport of endogenously made triglycerides to extrahepatic tissues. phenio.json CHEBI:39123 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium cation phenio.json CHEBI:39124 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium ion phenio.json CHEBI:39127 biolink:ChemicalSubstance magnesium cation Any magnesium ion that is positively charged. phenio.json CHEBI:39128 biolink:ChemicalSubstance magnesium ion phenio.json CHEBI:39141 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Bronsted acid A molecular entity capable of donating a hydron to an acceptor (Bronsted base). phenio.json CHEBI:39142 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Bronsted base A molecular entity capable of accepting a hydron from a donor (Bronsted acid). phenio.json CHEBI:39144 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Lewis base A molecular entity able to provide a pair of electrons and thus capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron-pair acceptor (Lewis acid), thereby producing a Lewis adduct. phenio.json CHEBI:39146 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trichostatin phenio.json CHEBI:39150 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-oxopentanoate A member of the class of oxopentanoates that is the conjugate base of 4-oxopentanoic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:39157 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trichostatic acid phenio.json CHEBI:39158 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-trichostatic acid phenio.json CHEBI:39159 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-trichostatic acid phenio.json CHEBI:39162 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-nicotine A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has R-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:39201 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenazines Any organonitrogen heterocyclic compound based on a phenazine skeleton and derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:39208 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antibiotic insecticide phenio.json CHEBI:39209 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macrolide insecticide phenio.json CHEBI:39213 biolink:ChemicalSubstance avermectin insecticide phenio.json CHEBI:39214 biolink:ChemicalSubstance abamectin Mixture of 80% avermectin B1a and 20% avermectin B1b. phenio.json CHEBI:39215 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antibiotic pesticide phenio.json CHEBI:39216 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antibiotic acaricide phenio.json CHEBI:39217 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antibiotic nematicide phenio.json CHEBI:39218 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macrolide acaricide phenio.json CHEBI:39219 biolink:ChemicalSubstance avermectin acaricide phenio.json CHEBI:39220 biolink:ChemicalSubstance avermectin pesticide phenio.json CHEBI:39221 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macrolide pesticide phenio.json CHEBI:39230 biolink:ChemicalSubstance emamectin A mixture of emamectin B1a (major component) and emamectin B1b (minor component). phenio.json CHEBI:39231 biolink:ChemicalSubstance emamectin B1a phenio.json CHEBI:39232 biolink:ChemicalSubstance emamectin B1b phenio.json CHEBI:39268 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dibenzothiazepine phenio.json CHEBI:39270 biolink:ChemicalSubstance naphthofuran phenio.json CHEBI:39279 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halomethane A haloalkane that is methane in which one (or more) of the hydrogens have been replaced by a halogen atom/halogen atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:39281 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluoromethanes A halomethane that is methane in which one or more hydrogens has been replaced by fluorine. phenio.json CHEBI:39317 biolink:ChemicalSubstance growth regulator Any chemical substance that inhibits the life-cycle of an organism. phenio.json CHEBI:39410 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2,4-triazines Any compound with a 1,2,4-triazine skeleton, in which nitrogen atoms replace carbon at positions 1, 2 and 4 of the core benzene ring structure. phenio.json CHEBI:39417 biolink:ChemicalSubstance branched-chain saturated fatty acid Any saturated fatty acid with a carbon side-chain or isopropyl termination. phenio.json CHEBI:39418 biolink:ChemicalSubstance straight-chain saturated fatty acid Any saturated fatty acid lacking a side-chain. phenio.json CHEBI:39420 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pentacosanoic acid phenio.json CHEBI:39430 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dioxolane phenio.json CHEBI:39437 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tocol A chromanol with a chroman-6-ol skeleton that is substituted at position 2 by a saturated or triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. phenio.json CHEBI:39442 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluorescent probe A role played by a fluorescent molecular entity used to study the microscopic environment by fluorescence spectroscopy. phenio.json CHEBI:39446 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine ribonucleosides phenio.json CHEBI:39447 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidines Any compound having a pyrimidine as part of its structure. phenio.json CHEBI:39467 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiadiazole phenio.json CHEBI:39472 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,3,4-thiadiazole phenio.json CHEBI:39474 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyazaalkane Any azaalkane in which two or more carbons in the chain are replaced by nitrogen. phenio.json CHEBI:39745 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dihydrogenphosphate A monovalent inorganic anion that consists of phosphoric acid in which one of the three OH groups has been deprotonated. phenio.json CHEBI:39832 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methoxyethane An ether that is the methyl ether derivative of ethanol. phenio.json CHEBI:3992 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic ketone phenio.json CHEBI:40009 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-cycloserine A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis). phenio.json CHEBI:4027 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclophosphamide A phosphorodiamide that is 1,3,2-oxazaphosphinan-2-amine 2-oxide substituted by two 2-chloroethyl groups at the amino nitrogen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:40303 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lovastatin A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom). phenio.json CHEBI:40304 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. phenio.json CHEBI:4031 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclosporin A A cyclic nonribosomal peptide of eleven amino acids; an immunosuppressant drug widely used in post-allogeneic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient's immune system, and therefore the risk of organ rejection. Also causes reversible inhibition of immunocompetent lymphocytes in the G0- and G1-phase of the cell cycle. phenio.json CHEBI:4046 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyproheptadine The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia. phenio.json CHEBI:404903 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ertapenem Meropenem in which the one of the two methyl groups attached to the amide nitrogen is replaced by hydrogen while the other is replaced by a 3-carboxyphenyl group. The sodium salt is used for the treatment of moderate to severe susceptible infections including intra-abdominal and acute gynaecological infections, pneumonia, and infections of the skin and of the urinary tract. phenio.json CHEBI:40721 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine 5'-monophosphate(1+) An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) obtained by selective protonation at position N1 on the purine moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:40751 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-adrenaline The S-enantiomer of adrenaline. phenio.json CHEBI:40909 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azoxystrobin An aryloxypyrimidine having a 4,6-diphenoxypyrimidine skeleton in which one of the phenyl rings is cyano-substituted at C-2 and the other carries a 2-methoxy-1-(methoxycarbonyl)vinyl substituent, also at C-2. An inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration by blocking electron transfer between cytochromes b and c1, it is used widely as a fungicide in agriculture. phenio.json CHEBI:41032 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3]benzothiazol-1-ium phenio.json CHEBI:41275 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1H-benzimidazole The 1H-tautomer of benzimidazole. phenio.json CHEBI:41308 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzophenone The simplest member of the class of benzophenones, being formaldehyde in which both hydrogens are replaced by phenyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:4139 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-galactopyranose A galactopyranose having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:41402 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboxymethyl group phenio.json CHEBI:41550 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluoroform phenio.json CHEBI:41609 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbonate phenio.json CHEBI:4167 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glucopyranose A glucopyranose having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:417636 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-{((R)-2-Carboxy-3-methoxymethyl-8-oxo-5-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-7-ylcarbamoyl)-[(Z)-methoxyimino]-methyl}-thiazol-2-yl-ammonium phenio.json CHEBI:4177 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glucosylsphingosine A D-glucoside that is derived by formal reaction of the primary hydroxy group of sphingosine at the anomeric position of D-glucose. phenio.json CHEBI:41808 biolink:ChemicalSubstance decane A straight-chain alkane with 10 carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:41865 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sebacic acid An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,8-dicarboxy derivative of octane. phenio.json CHEBI:41879 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dexamethasone A fluorinated steroid that is 9-fluoropregna-1,4-diene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 11, 17 and 21, a methyl group at position 16 and oxo groups at positions 3 and 20. It is a synthetic member of the class of glucocorticoids. phenio.json CHEBI:4194 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-hexose A hexose that has D-configuration at position 5. phenio.json CHEBI:41941 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at the 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of dopamine. phenio.json CHEBI:41948 biolink:ChemicalSubstance eflornithine A fluoroamino acid that is ornithine substituted by a difluoromethyl group at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:4195 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-hexose 6-phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:42090 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-threitol The L-enantiomer of threitol. phenio.json CHEBI:42111 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-lactic acid An optically active form of lactic acid having (R)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:422 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-lactic acid An optically active form of lactic acid having (S)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:42266 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethane An alkane comprising of two carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:42355 biolink:ChemicalSubstance erythromycin A An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:42485 biolink:ChemicalSubstance formyl group phenio.json CHEBI:42724 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-amphetamine A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has R configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:4290 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium iodide phenio.json CHEBI:42905 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-L-galactose A L-galactopyranose with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric center. phenio.json CHEBI:43176 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy group phenio.json CHEBI:43254 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (4S)-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one phenio.json CHEBI:43451 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen iodide A diatomic molecule containing covalently bonded hydrogen and iodine atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:43474 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogenphosphate A phosphate ion that is the conjugate base of dihydrogenphosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:43799 biolink:ChemicalSubstance butan-1-amine A primary aliphatic amine that is butane substituted by an amino group at position 1. phenio.json CHEBI:43966 biolink:ChemicalSubstance melagatran A member of the class of azetidines that is (2S)-azetidine 2-carboxylic acid in which the carboxylic acid has been converted to the amide corresponding to formal condensation with 4-(aminomethyl)benzenecarboximidamide and in which the hydrogen attached to the azetidine nitrogen is replaced by a (2R)-2-cyclohexyl-2-[(carboxymethyl)amino]acetyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:43968 biolink:ChemicalSubstance meropenem A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:44137 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tiamulin A carbotricyclic compound that is pleuromutilin in which the hydroxyacetate group is replaced by a 2-{[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]sulfanyl}acetate group. An antibacterial drug, tiamulin is used in veterinary medicine (generally as its hydrogen fumarate salt) for the treatment of swine dysentery caused by Serpulina hyodysenteriae. phenio.json CHEBI:44185 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methotrexate phenio.json CHEBI:44215 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NAD zwitterion phenio.json CHEBI:4439 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dermatan A mucopolysaccharide consisting of repeating beta-(1->4)-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units. phenio.json CHEBI:44409 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NADP zwitterion phenio.json CHEBI:44423 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxyurea A member of the class of ureas that is urea in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. An antineoplastic used in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia as well as for sickle-cell disease. phenio.json CHEBI:4469 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-amphetamine A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:44976 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphonic acid A phosphorus oxoacid that consists of a single pentavalent phosphorus covalently bound via single bonds to a single hydrogen and two hydroxy groups and via a double bond to an oxygen. The parent of the class of phosphonic acids. phenio.json CHEBI:45064 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphite(3-) A trivalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of all three protons from phosphorous acid. phenio.json CHEBI:45081 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pentamidine A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease. phenio.json CHEBI:4511 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicloxacillin A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl]formyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:4520 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diethofencarb A carbamate ester that is the isopropyl ester of (3,4-diethoxyphenyl)carbamic acid. A fungicide with strong activity against Botrytis cinerea and benzimidazole-resistant strains of Botryis spp. phenio.json CHEBI:45212 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diphosphate(2-) A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from diphosphoric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:45285 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrazinecarboxamide A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis. phenio.json CHEBI:45367 biolink:ChemicalSubstance rifabutin phenio.json CHEBI:45373 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfanilamide A sulfonamide in which the sulfamoyl functional group is attached to aniline at the 4-position. phenio.json CHEBI:45379 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylcarbamic acid An amino acid consisting of carbamic acid having an N-methyl substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:45506 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-ribose phenio.json CHEBI:4551 biolink:ChemicalSubstance digoxin A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. phenio.json CHEBI:45525 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-2-methylbutyric acid The (R)-enantiomer of 2-methylbutanoic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:45557 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sec-butyl group phenio.json CHEBI:45599 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dodecyl hydrogen sulfate phenio.json CHEBI:45615 biolink:ChemicalSubstance salicylhydroxamic acid A hydroxamic acid that is N-hydroxybenzamide carrying a phenolic hydroxy group at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:456215 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine 5'-monophosphate(2-) A nucleoside 5'-monophosphate(2-) that results from the removal of two protons from the phosphate group of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP). phenio.json CHEBI:456216 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ADP(3-) A nucleoside 5'-diphosphate(3-) arising from deprotonation of all three diphosphate OH groups of adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP); major species present at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:45630 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-oxopentanoic acid An oxopentanoic acid with the oxo group in the 4-position. phenio.json CHEBI:45696 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogensulfate phenio.json CHEBI:45863 biolink:ChemicalSubstance paclitaxel A tetracyclic diterpenoid isolated originally from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, Taxus brevifolia. It is a mitotic inhibitor used in cancer chemotherapy. Note that the use of the former generic name 'taxol' is now limited, as Taxol is a registered trade mark. phenio.json CHEBI:45924 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trimethoprim An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge. phenio.json CHEBI:45979 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiabendazole A member of the class of benzimidazoles carrying a 1,3-thiazol-4-yl substituent at position 2. A mainly post-harvest fungicide used to control a wide range of diseases including Aspergillus, Botrytis, Cladosporium and Fusarium. phenio.json CHEBI:46024 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trichostatin A phenio.json CHEBI:46077 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4H-1,2,4-triazole phenio.json CHEBI:46081 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluconazole A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis. phenio.json CHEBI:46195 biolink:ChemicalSubstance paracetamol A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:46209 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-tyrosinal An amino aldehyde that is L-tyrosine in which the carboxy group has undergone formal redution to give the corrresponding aldehyde phenio.json CHEBI:46245 biolink:ChemicalSubstance coenzyme Q10 A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:46345 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-fluorouracil A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth. phenio.json CHEBI:46416 biolink:ChemicalSubstance virginiamycin S1 A cyclodepsipeptide that is N-(3-hydroxypicolinoyl)-L-threonyl-D-alpha-aminobutyryl-L-prolyl-N-methyl-L-phenylalanyl-4-oxo-L-pipecoloyl-L-2-phenylglycine in which the carboxy group of the 2-phenylglycine moiety has undergone formal intramolecular condensation with the hydroxy group of the N-(3-hydroxypicolinoyl)-L-threonyl to give the corresponding 19-membered ring lactone. It is one of the two major components of the antibacterial drug virginiamycin, produced by Streptomyces virginiae, S. loidensis, S. mitakaensis, S. pristina-spiralis, S. ostreogriseus, and others. phenio.json CHEBI:46577 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dextrofloxacin The (R)-enantiomer of ofloxacin. phenio.json CHEBI:46629 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo group phenio.json CHEBI:46633 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbapenems The class of beta-lactam antibiotics that whose members have a carbapenem skeleton which is variously substituted at positions 3, 4, and 6. phenio.json CHEBI:46634 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbapenemcarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:46662 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mineral In general, a mineral is a chemical substance that is normally crystalline formed and has been formed as a result of geological processes. The term also includes metamict substances (naturally occurring, formerly crystalline substances whose crystallinity has been destroyed by ionising radiation) and can include naturally occurring amorphous substances that have never been crystalline ('mineraloids') such as georgite and calciouranoite as well as substances formed by the action of geological processes on bigenic compounds ('biogenic minerals'). phenio.json CHEBI:46668 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino acid ester Any carboxylic ester derivative of an amino acid. phenio.json CHEBI:46686 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azaalkane phenio.json CHEBI:46687 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diazaalkane phenio.json CHEBI:46691 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2,3-dihydroxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone phenio.json CHEBI:46695 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluorohydrocarbon A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with fluorine atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:46700 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzoxazole Compounds based on a fused 1,2- or 1,3-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:46701 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:46721 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbonate salt phenio.json CHEBI:46723 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphate mineral phenio.json CHEBI:46725 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxide mineral phenio.json CHEBI:46733 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxabicycloalkane phenio.json CHEBI:46761 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dipeptide Any molecule that contains two amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages. phenio.json CHEBI:46767 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:46770 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrrolidinecarboxamide phenio.json CHEBI:46773 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxypyrrolidine phenio.json CHEBI:46774 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyether Any ether that contains more than one ether linkage. phenio.json CHEBI:46775 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-alkylpyrrolidine phenio.json CHEBI:46786 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diether A polyether in which the number of ether linkages is 2. phenio.json CHEBI:46787 biolink:ChemicalSubstance solvent A liquid that can dissolve other substances (solutes) without any change in their chemical composition. phenio.json CHEBI:46800 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethanethioic O-acid phenio.json CHEBI:46812 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,3-oxazoles phenio.json CHEBI:46818 biolink:ChemicalSubstance urate anion An organic anion obtained by removal of at least one proton from any uric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:46819 biolink:ChemicalSubstance urate salt phenio.json CHEBI:46842 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sarcosinium An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of sarcosine, arising from protonation of the amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:46844 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylpiperazine phenio.json CHEBI:46845 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-alkylpiperazine phenio.json CHEBI:46847 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-iminopiperazine phenio.json CHEBI:46848 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-arylpiperazine phenio.json CHEBI:46849 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperazinium salt phenio.json CHEBI:46850 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organoammonium salt phenio.json CHEBI:46851 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine phenio.json CHEBI:46867 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indolyl carboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:46883 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboxy group phenio.json CHEBI:46895 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lipopeptide A compound consisting of a peptide with attached lipid. phenio.json CHEBI:46904 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxalate(1-) A dicarboxylic acid monoanion that is the conjugate base of oxalic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:46912 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ornithinium(1+) phenio.json CHEBI:46913 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ornithinium(2+) phenio.json CHEBI:46915 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sarcosinate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of sarcosine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:46920 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-methylpiperazine phenio.json CHEBI:46942 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxanes Any organic heteromonocyclic compoundthat is oxane or its substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:46952 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxazinane phenio.json CHEBI:46963 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol An aminodiol composed of any octadecene having hydroxy functional groups at positions 1 and 3 and an amino substituent at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:46964 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4. phenio.json CHEBI:46965 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2R,3S)-2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol A 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol having (2R,3S)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:46966 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-amino-1-hydroxyoctadecan-3-one phenio.json CHEBI:46967 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-erythro-sphingosine A (2R,3S)-2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol in which the double bond has E geochemistry. phenio.json CHEBI:46968 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol An aminodiol that is octadecane bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 3 as well as an amino substituent at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:46997 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-ribose A ribose in which the chiral carbon atom furthest away from the aldehyde group (C4') has the same configuration as in L-glyceraldehyde. phenio.json CHEBI:46998 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribofuranose A cyclic ribose having a 5-membered tetrahydrofuran ring; the predominant (C3'-endo) form of the two cyclic structures (the other is the "C2'-endo" form, having a 6-membered ring) adopted by ribose in aqueous solution. phenio.json CHEBI:47000 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-ribofuranose An ribofuranose having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:47004 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-L-ribose phenio.json CHEBI:47013 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-ribofuranose A ribofuranose having D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:47017 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetrahydrofuranol phenio.json CHEBI:47018 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monohydroxytetrahydrofuran phenio.json CHEBI:47019 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dihydroxytetrahydrofuran phenio.json CHEBI:47042 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxycalciol phenio.json CHEBI:471744 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imipenem A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup. phenio.json CHEBI:472657 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefixime A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic bearing vinyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-[(carboxymethoxy)imino]acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used in the treatment of gonorrhoea, tonsilitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, and urinary tract infections. phenio.json CHEBI:472805 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ouabain A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus. phenio.json CHEBI:473992 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nystatin A1 A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species. phenio.json CHEBI:474053 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefazolin A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:474180 biolink:ChemicalSubstance caspofungin A semisynthetic cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. phenio.json CHEBI:47499 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imipramine A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:47518 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2S,4R)-ketoconazole A cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine which dioxolane moiety has (2S,4R)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:47519 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketoconazole A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (2R,4S)- and (2S,4R)-ketoconazole. phenio.json CHEBI:47622 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetate ester Any carboxylic ester where the carboxylic acid component is acetic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:47724 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vancomycin aglycone A peptide antibiotic that is vancomycin lacking the disaccharide moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:47773 biolink:ChemicalSubstance very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol Cholesterol esters and free cholesterol which are contained in or bound to very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). phenio.json CHEBI:47774 biolink:ChemicalSubstance low-density lipoprotein cholesterol Cholesterol esters and free cholesterol which are contained in or bound to low-density lipoproteins (LDL). phenio.json CHEBI:47775 biolink:ChemicalSubstance high-density lipoprotein cholesterol Cholesterol esters and free cholesterol which are contained in or bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDL). phenio.json CHEBI:47776 biolink:ChemicalSubstance very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride Triglycerides which are contained in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). phenio.json CHEBI:47778 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glyceride Any ester resulting from the condensation of one or more of the hydroxy groups of glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) with fatty acids. phenio.json CHEBI:47779 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aminoglycoside phenio.json CHEBI:47787 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 11-oxo steroid Any oxo steroid that has an oxo substituent at position 11. phenio.json CHEBI:47788 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-oxo steroid Any oxo steroid where an oxo substituent is located at position 3. phenio.json CHEBI:47802 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine A mancude organic heterotricyclic parent that consists of a seven-membered nitrogen hetrocycle fused with two benzene rings. phenio.json CHEBI:47804 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dibenzoazepine phenio.json CHEBI:4781 biolink:ChemicalSubstance emetine A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties. phenio.json CHEBI:47811 biolink:ChemicalSubstance penamcarboxylate phenio.json CHEBI:478164 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefepime A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:47857 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ureas phenio.json CHEBI:47858 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-piperideine phenio.json CHEBI:47867 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indicator Anything used in a scientific experiment to indicate the presence of a substance or quality, change in a body, etc. phenio.json CHEBI:47868 biolink:ChemicalSubstance photosensitizing agent A chemical compound that can be excited by light of a specific wavelength and subsequently transfer energy to a chosen reactant. This is commonly molecular oxygen within a cancer tissue, which is converted to (highly rective) singlet state oxygen. This rapidly reacts with any nearby biomolecules, ultimately killing the cancer cells. phenio.json CHEBI:47877 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexose 6-phosphate phenio.json CHEBI:47878 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexose phosphate A phospho sugar that is formally obtained from a hexose. phenio.json CHEBI:47880 biolink:ChemicalSubstance steroid ester phenio.json CHEBI:47881 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:47882 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic polypyrrole phenio.json CHEBI:47885 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dinucleotide phenio.json CHEBI:47891 biolink:ChemicalSubstance steroid acid Any steroid substituted by at least one carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:47901 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkanesulfonic acid Organic derivatives of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon of an alkyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:47909 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid A 3-oxo steroid conjugated to a C=C double bond at the alpha,beta position. phenio.json CHEBI:4792 biolink:ChemicalSubstance enflurane An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:47923 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tripeptide Any oligopeptide that consists of three amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages. phenio.json CHEBI:47956 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiocarboxamide Any primary amide having its amide oxygen replaced by sulfur. phenio.json CHEBI:47958 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist An agonist that selectively binds to and activates a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:47985 biolink:ChemicalSubstance enol ether Ethers ROR' where R has a double bond adjacent to the oxygen of the ether linkage. phenio.json CHEBI:48001 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protein synthesis inhibitor A compound, usually an anti-bacterial agent or a toxin, which inhibits the synthesis of a protein. phenio.json CHEBI:48080 biolink:ChemicalSubstance brefeldin A A metabolite from Penicillium brefeldianum that exhibits a wide range of antibiotic activity. phenio.json CHEBI:4811 biolink:ChemicalSubstance epoxiconazole A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (2S,3R)- and (2R,3S)-epoxiconazole. A broad-spectrum fungicide for control of diseases caused by Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes. Epoxiconazole is moderately toxic to birds, honeybees, earthworms and most aquatic organisms. phenio.json CHEBI:48120 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anthracycline Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine. phenio.json CHEBI:48121 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyene An olefin that contains more than one carbon-carbon double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:48132 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetracenomycin A polyketide based on a tetracene ring structure. phenio.json CHEBI:48154 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfur oxide phenio.json CHEBI:48218 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antiseptic drug A substance used locally on humans and other animals to destroy harmful microorganisms or to inhibit their activity (cf. disinfectants, which destroy microorganisms found on non-living objects, and antibiotics, which can be transported through the lymphatic system to destroy bacteria within the body). phenio.json CHEBI:48219 biolink:ChemicalSubstance disinfectant An antimicrobial agent that is applied to non-living objects to destroy harmful microorganisms or to inhibit their activity. phenio.json CHEBI:48278 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serotonergic drug phenio.json CHEBI:48279 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serotonergic antagonist Drugs that bind to but do not activate serotonin receptors, thereby blocking the actions of serotonin or serotonergic agonists. phenio.json CHEBI:48299 biolink:ChemicalSubstance butane-1,2,3,4-tetrol A tetritol that is butane substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 2, 3 and 4. phenio.json CHEBI:48300 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-threitol The D-enantiomer of threitol. phenio.json CHEBI:48336 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2R,4S)-ketoconazole A cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine which dioxolane moiety has (2R,4S)-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:48339 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:48343 biolink:ChemicalSubstance disulfide Compounds of structure RSSR'. phenio.json CHEBI:48354 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polar solvent A solvent that is composed of polar molecules. Polar solvents can dissolve ionic compounds or ionisable covalent compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:48355 biolink:ChemicalSubstance non-polar solvent phenio.json CHEBI:48356 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protic solvent A polar solvent that is capable of acting as a hydron (proton) donor. phenio.json CHEBI:48359 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protophilic solvent Solvent that is capable of acting as a hydron (proton) acceptor. phenio.json CHEBI:48360 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amphiprotic solvent Self-ionizing solvent possessing both characteristics of Bronsted acids and bases. phenio.json CHEBI:48376 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbamimidic acid phenio.json CHEBI:48377 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imidic acid Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing =O by =NR; thus tautomers of amides. In organic chemistry an unspecified imidic acid is generally a carboximidic acid, RC(=NR)(OH). phenio.json CHEBI:48378 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboximidic acid phenio.json CHEBI:48379 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isourea A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:48407 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antiparkinson drug A drug used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. phenio.json CHEBI:48420 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biphenylyltetrazole A member of the class of biphenyls that consists of a biphenyl ring system substituted by a tetrazole ring at an unspecified position. phenio.json CHEBI:48422 biolink:ChemicalSubstance angiogenesis inhibitor An agent and endogenous substances that antagonize or inhibit the development of new blood vessels. phenio.json CHEBI:48535 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aryloxypyrimidine phenio.json CHEBI:48539 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-adrenergic drug Any drug that acts on an alpha-adrenergic receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:48540 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-adrenergic drug Any of the drugs that act on beta-adrenergic receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:48544 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methanesulfonates Esters or salts of methanesulfonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:48560 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dopaminergic agent A drug used for its effects on dopamine receptors, on the life cycle of dopamine, or on the survival of dopaminergic neurons. phenio.json CHEBI:48561 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dopaminergic antagonist A drug that binds to but does not activate dopamine receptors, thereby blocking the actions of dopamine or exogenous agonists. phenio.json CHEBI:48578 biolink:ChemicalSubstance radical scavenger A role played by a substance that can react readily with, and thereby eliminate, radicals. phenio.json CHEBI:48585 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heteroarylpiperidine phenio.json CHEBI:48589 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperidones phenio.json CHEBI:48590 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxypiperidine phenio.json CHEBI:48626 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyranoindolizinoquinoline phenio.json CHEBI:48676 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fibrin modulating drug A drug that affects the function of fibrin in blood coagulation. phenio.json CHEBI:48705 biolink:ChemicalSubstance agonist Substance which binds to cell receptors normally responding to naturally occurring substances and which produces a response of its own. phenio.json CHEBI:48706 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antagonist Substance that attaches to and blocks cell receptors that normally bind naturally occurring substances. phenio.json CHEBI:4877 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethambutol An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone. phenio.json CHEBI:48819 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyano group phenio.json CHEBI:48848 biolink:ChemicalSubstance erythronolide A phenio.json CHEBI:4885 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethionamide A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide. phenio.json CHEBI:48854 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfurous acid phenio.json CHEBI:4887 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethosuximide A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures. phenio.json CHEBI:48873 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholinergic antagonist Any drug that binds to but does not activate cholinergic receptors, thereby blocking the actions of acetylcholine or cholinergic agonists. phenio.json CHEBI:48876 biolink:ChemicalSubstance muscarinic antagonist A drug that binds to but does not activate muscarinic cholinergic receptors, thereby blocking the actions of endogenous acetylcholine or exogenous agonists. phenio.json CHEBI:48891 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiazolidinone phenio.json CHEBI:48901 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiazoles An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains a N atom and one S atom. phenio.json CHEBI:48908 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triazolobenzothiazole phenio.json CHEBI:48909 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imidazothiazole phenio.json CHEBI:48923 biolink:ChemicalSubstance erythromycin Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus). phenio.json CHEBI:48927 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid Any L-alpha-amino acid carrying an N-acyl substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:48928 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 6-phospho-D-gluconic acid A gluconic acid phosphate having the phosphate group at the 6-position. It is an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway. phenio.json CHEBI:48937 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phytane phenio.json CHEBI:48944 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isobutyrate A branched, short-chain, saturated fatty acid anion; the conjugate base of isobutyric acid, formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group. phenio.json CHEBI:48946 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-methylbutyrate phenio.json CHEBI:48956 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-O-phosphono-D-ribofuranosyl diphosphate phenio.json CHEBI:48975 biolink:ChemicalSubstance substituted aniline phenio.json CHEBI:48999 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-hydroxyphenylacetate A monocarboxylic acid anion that is obtained by removal of a proton from the carboxylic acid group of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:49015 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-piperideine-6-carboxylic acid A tetrahydropyridine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine having a carboxy group at the 2-position. phenio.json CHEBI:49020 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hormone antagonist A chemical substance which inhibits the function of the endocrine glands, the biosynthesis of their secreted hormones, or the action of hormones upon their specific sites. phenio.json CHEBI:49023 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostaglandin antagonist A compound that inhibits the action of prostaglandins. phenio.json CHEBI:49086 biolink:ChemicalSubstance CDP-choline(1+) phenio.json CHEBI:49095 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-amino-acid anion phenio.json CHEBI:49096 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-aminoisobutyrate A beta-amino acid anion that is the conjugate base of 3-aminoisobutyric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:49103 biolink:ChemicalSubstance drug metabolite phenio.json CHEBI:49104 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heteroarenecarbaldehyde An aldehyde in which a formyl group is located on a heteroarene. phenio.json CHEBI:4911 biolink:ChemicalSubstance etoposide phenio.json CHEBI:49110 biolink:ChemicalSubstance peripheral nervous system drug A drug that acts principally at one or more sites within the peripheral neuroeffector systems, the autonomic system, and motor nerve-skeletal system. phenio.json CHEBI:49167 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anti-asthmatic drug A drug used to treat asthma. phenio.json CHEBI:49168 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dopa A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring. phenio.json CHEBI:49169 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-dopa The D-enantiomer of dopa. phenio.json CHEBI:49200 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor An EC 3.6.3.* (acid anhydride hydrolase catalysing transmembrane movement of substances) inhibitor that inhibits H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase, EC 3.6.3.10. Such compounds are also known as proton pump inhibitors. phenio.json CHEBI:49201 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anti-ulcer drug One of various classes of drugs with different action mechanisms used to treat or ameliorate peptic ulcer or irritation of the gastrointestinal tract. phenio.json CHEBI:49302 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid phenio.json CHEBI:49318 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperidine antibiotic phenio.json CHEBI:49319 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbocyclic antibiotic phenio.json CHEBI:49322 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anthracycline antibiotic An organic compound that has a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine and which exhibits antibiotic activity. phenio.json CHEBI:49323 biolink:ChemicalSubstance contraceptive drug A chemical substance that prevents or reduces the probability of conception. phenio.json CHEBI:49603 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lapatinib phenio.json CHEBI:49637 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydrogen atom phenio.json CHEBI:49713 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lithium(1+) phenio.json CHEBI:49870 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimonous acid phenio.json CHEBI:4998 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fenarimol A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fenarimol. A sterol demethylation inhibitor, it is used as a fungicide for the treatment of blackspot, mildew and rust in tomatoes, peppers and melons, but is not approved for use within the European Union. phenio.json CHEBI:50007 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimony coordination entity phenio.json CHEBI:5001 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fenofibrate A chlorobenzophenone that is (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methanone substituted by a [2-methyl-1-oxo-1-(propan-2-yloxy)propan-2-yl]oxy group at position 1 on the phenyl ring. phenio.json CHEBI:50010 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4,4'-bis({4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl}amino)stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid An organosulfonic acid comprising stilbene having 4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl}amino groups at the 4 and 4'-positions and sulfo groups at the 2- and 2'-positions. phenio.json CHEBI:50011 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Calcofluor White phenio.json CHEBI:50012 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4,4'-bis({4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl}amino)stilbene-2,2'-disulfonate An arenesulfonate arising from deprotonation of the sulfo groups of 4,4'-bis({4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl}amino)stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:50047 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic amino compound A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:50103 biolink:ChemicalSubstance excitatory amino acid agonist An agent that binds to and activates excitatory amino acid receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:50112 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sex hormone Any hormone that is responsible for controlling sexual characteristics and reproductive function. phenio.json CHEBI:50113 biolink:ChemicalSubstance androgen A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:50114 biolink:ChemicalSubstance estrogen A hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of female sex characteristics in mammals by binding to oestrogen receptors. The oestrogens are named for their importance in the oestrous cycle. The oestrogens that occur naturally in the body, notably estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estetrol are steroids. Other compounds with oestrogenic activity are produced by plants (phytoestrogens) and fungi (mycoestrogens); synthetic compounds with oestrogenic activity are known as xenoestrogens. phenio.json CHEBI:50127 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trifluoromethyl group phenio.json CHEBI:50160 biolink:ChemicalSubstance steroid acid anion Any anion formed by loss of a proton from a steroid acid. phenio.json CHEBI:50176 biolink:ChemicalSubstance keratolytic drug A drug that softens, separates, and causes desquamation of the cornified epithelium or horny layer of skin. Keratolytic drugs are used to expose mycelia of infecting fungi or to treat corns, warts, and certain other skin diseases. phenio.json CHEBI:50177 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dermatologic drug A drug used to treat or prevent skin disorders or for the routine care of skin. phenio.json CHEBI:50183 biolink:ChemicalSubstance P450 inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor that interferes with the activity of cytochrome P450 involved in catalysis of organic substances. phenio.json CHEBI:50184 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ion transport inhibitor A compound which inhibits the movement of an ion across an energy-transducing cell membrane. phenio.json CHEBI:50185 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid synthesis inhibitor Any pathway inhibitor that inhibits the synthesis of fatty acids. phenio.json CHEBI:50188 biolink:ChemicalSubstance provitamin A substance that can be converted into a vitamin by animal tissues. phenio.json CHEBI:50211 biolink:ChemicalSubstance retinol A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified). phenio.json CHEBI:50218 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of a phosphoric diester hydrolase (EC 3.1.4.*). phenio.json CHEBI:50247 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antidote Any protective agent counteracting or neutralizing the action of poisons. phenio.json CHEBI:50248 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hematologic agent Drug that acts on blood and blood-forming organs and those that affect the hemostatic system. phenio.json CHEBI:50249 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anticoagulant An agent that prevents blood clotting. phenio.json CHEBI:50263 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:50266 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prodrug A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming the pharmacologically active drug for which it is a prodrug. phenio.json CHEBI:50267 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protective agent Synthetic or natural substance which is given to prevent a disease or disorder or are used in the process of treating a disease or injury due to a poisonous agent. phenio.json CHEBI:50268 biolink:ChemicalSubstance GABA modulator A substance that does not act as agonist or antagonist but does affect the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-ionophore complex. GABA-A receptors appear to have at least three allosteric sites at which modulators act: a site at which benzodiazepines act by increasing the opening frequency of gamma-aminobutyric acid-activated chloride channels; a site at which barbiturates act to prolong the duration of channel opening; and a site at which some steroids may act. phenio.json CHEBI:50276 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor A topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits the bacterial enzymes of the DNA topoisomerases, Type I class (EC 5.99.1.2) that catalyze ATP-independent breakage of one of the two strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strand through the break, and rejoining of the broken strand. These bacterial enzymes reduce the topological stress in the DNA structure by relaxing negatively, but not positively, supercoiled DNA. phenio.json CHEBI:50297 biolink:ChemicalSubstance canonical nucleotide residue phenio.json CHEBI:50298 biolink:ChemicalSubstance canonical deoxyribonucleotide residue phenio.json CHEBI:50299 biolink:ChemicalSubstance canonical ribonucleotide residue phenio.json CHEBI:50305 biolink:ChemicalSubstance podophyllotoxin An organic heterotetracyclic compound that has a furonaphthodioxole skeleton bearing a 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl substituent. It is found in the roots and rhizomes of Podophyllum species and is used for the topical treatment of genital warts. phenio.json CHEBI:50307 biolink:ChemicalSubstance furonaphthodioxole phenio.json CHEBI:50312 biolink:ChemicalSubstance onium compound phenio.json CHEBI:50313 biolink:ChemicalSubstance onium cation Mononuclear cations derived by addition of a hydron to a mononuclear parent hydride of the pnictogen, chalcogen and halogen families. phenio.json CHEBI:50314 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluoronium phenio.json CHEBI:50315 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chloronium phenio.json CHEBI:50317 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iodonium phenio.json CHEBI:50319 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleotide residue phenio.json CHEBI:50320 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside residue phenio.json CHEBI:50325 biolink:ChemicalSubstance proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group A univalent organyl group obtained by cleaving the bond from C-2 to the side chain of a proteinogenic amino-acid. phenio.json CHEBI:50326 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfanylmethyl group phenio.json CHEBI:50329 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-carboxyethyl group phenio.json CHEBI:50330 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group phenio.json CHEBI:50331 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-amino-3-oxopropyl group phenio.json CHEBI:50334 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridinium ion phenio.json CHEBI:50335 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic nitrogen anion phenio.json CHEBI:50336 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-hydroxybenzyl group phenio.json CHEBI:50337 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1H-indol-3-ylmethyl group phenio.json CHEBI:50338 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl group phenio.json CHEBI:50339 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-aminobutyl group phenio.json CHEBI:50340 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-carbamimidamidopropyl group phenio.json CHEBI:50341 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-hydroxyethyl group phenio.json CHEBI:50344 biolink:ChemicalSubstance avermectin Any of the macrolides obtained as fermentation products from the bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis and consisting of a 16-membered macrocyclic backbone that is fused both benzofuran and spiroketal functions and contains a disaccharide substituent. They have significant anthelmintic and insecticidal properties. phenio.json CHEBI:50346 biolink:ChemicalSubstance emamectins phenio.json CHEBI:50356 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic iodide salt phenio.json CHEBI:50367 biolink:ChemicalSubstance taxane diterpenoid phenio.json CHEBI:50385 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hemin It is used as a prescription medication to relieve repeated attacks of acute intermittent porphyria related to the menstrual cycle in affected women. phenio.json CHEBI:50395 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indolamine phenio.json CHEBI:50401 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cholestanoid Any steroid based on a cholestane skeleton and its derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:50402 biolink:ChemicalSubstance androstanoid Any steroid based on an androstane skeleton and its derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:50404 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lipoprotein cholesterol Cholesterol esters and free cholesterol which are contained in or bound to lipoproteins. phenio.json CHEBI:50406 biolink:ChemicalSubstance probe A role played by a molecular entity used to study the microscopic environment. phenio.json CHEBI:50420 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bile alcohol Members of the class of cholestanoid that include polyhydroxy derivatives of cholestane. phenio.json CHEBI:50427 biolink:ChemicalSubstance platelet aggregation inhibitor A drug or agent which antagonizes or impairs any mechanism leading to blood platelet aggregation, whether during the phases of activation and shape change or following the dense-granule release reaction and stimulation of the prostaglandin-thromboxane system. phenio.json CHEBI:50471 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary arylamine A primary amine formally derived from ammonia by replacing one hydrogen atom by an aryl group. R-NH2 where R is an aryl group. phenio.json CHEBI:50491 biolink:ChemicalSubstance haloalkyl group A group derived from a haloalkane by removal of a hydrogen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:50492 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiocarbonyl compound Any compound containing the thiocarbonyl group, C=S. phenio.json CHEBI:50503 biolink:ChemicalSubstance laxative An agent that produces a soft formed stool, and relaxes and loosens the bowels, typically used over a protracted period, to relieve constipation. Compare with cathartic, which is a substance that accelerates defecation. A substances can be both a laxative and a cathartic. phenio.json CHEBI:50505 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sweetening agent Substance that sweeten food, beverages, medications, etc. phenio.json CHEBI:50511 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bipyridines Compounds containing a bipyridine group. phenio.json CHEBI:50513 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mydriatic agent Agent that dilates the pupil. Used in eye diseases and to facilitate eye examination. It may be either a sympathomimetic or parasympatholytic. The latter cause cycloplegia or paralysis of accommodation at high doses and may precipitate glaucoma. phenio.json CHEBI:50514 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vasoconstrictor agent Drug used to cause constriction of the blood vessels. phenio.json CHEBI:50523 biolink:ChemicalSubstance butenolide A gamma-lactone that consists of a 2-furanone skeleton and its substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:50525 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenolate anion An organic anion arising from deprotonation of the OH function of a phenol compound. phenio.json CHEBI:50533 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protein denaturant phenio.json CHEBI:5054 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Fibrin phenio.json CHEBI:50584 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkyl alcohol An aliphatic alcohol in which the aliphatic alkane chain is substituted by a hydroxy group at unspecified position. phenio.json CHEBI:50607 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dityrosine A biphenyl compound comprising two tyrosine residues linked at carbon-3 of their benzene rings. phenio.json CHEBI:50629 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor A cyclooxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of cyclooxygenase 2. phenio.json CHEBI:50630 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor A cyclooxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of cyclooxygenase 1. phenio.json CHEBI:50634 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetazolamide(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:50635 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the activity of urease (EC 3.5.1.5), reducing hydrolysis. phenio.json CHEBI:50646 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bone density conservation agent An agent that inhibits bone resorption and/or favor bone mineralization and bone regeneration. Used to heal bone fractures and to treat bone diseases such as osteopenia and osteoporosis. phenio.json CHEBI:50658 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ampicillin(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:50671 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antithyroid drug A drug used to treat hyperthyroidism by reducing the excessive production of thyroid hormones. phenio.json CHEBI:50680 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methotrexate(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:50681 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methotrexate(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:50683 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor An EC 1.5.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of dihydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.3). phenio.json CHEBI:50684 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cross-linking reagent A reagent with two reactive groups, usually at opposite ends of the molecule, that are capable of reacting with and thereby forming bridges between macromolecules, principally side chains of amino acids in proteins, allowing the locations of naturally reactive areas within the proteins to be identified. phenio.json CHEBI:50685 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antitrichomonal drug A drug used to treat trichomonas infections. phenio.json CHEBI:50689 biolink:ChemicalSubstance reproductive control drug A substance used either in the prevention or facilitation of pregnancy. phenio.json CHEBI:50691 biolink:ChemicalSubstance abortifacient A chemical substance that interrupts pregnancy after implantation. phenio.json CHEBI:50694 biolink:ChemicalSubstance minocycline A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5. phenio.json CHEBI:50695 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monobactam Monocyclic, bacterially produced or semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotic. It lacks the double ring construction of the traditional beta-lactam antibiotics and can be easily synthesized. phenio.json CHEBI:50696 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.4.1.* (hexosyltransferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.129). phenio.json CHEBI:50699 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oligosaccharide A compound in which monosaccharide units are joined by glycosidic linkages. The term is commonly used to refer to a defined structure as opposed to a polymer of unspecified length or a homologous mixture. When the linkages are of other types the compounds are regarded as oligosaccharide analogues. phenio.json CHEBI:50733 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nutraceutical A product in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide essential nutrients, such as a vitamin, an essential mineral, a protein, an herb, or similar nutritional substance. phenio.json CHEBI:507393 biolink:ChemicalSubstance taurine zwitterion The zwitterion formed from taurine by transfer of a proton from the sulfonyl to the amino group. It is the major species existing at physiological pH. phenio.json CHEBI:50745 biolink:ChemicalSubstance progestogen A compound that interacts with progesterone receptors in target tissues to bring about effects similar to those of progesterone. phenio.json CHEBI:50748 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antipsoriatic A drug used to treat psoriasis. phenio.json CHEBI:50750 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor A topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing), EC 5.99.1.3 (also known as topoisomerase II and as DNA gyrase), which catalyses ATP-dependent breakage of both strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strands through the breaks, and rejoining of the broken strands. phenio.json CHEBI:50779 biolink:ChemicalSubstance appetite enhancer A drug which increases appetite. phenio.json CHEBI:50780 biolink:ChemicalSubstance appetite regulator An agent which regulates the physiologic mechanisms that control the appetite and food intake. phenio.json CHEBI:50795 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nanostructure A nanometre sized object. phenio.json CHEBI:50803 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nanoparticle A nanosized spherical or capsule-shaped structure. phenio.json CHEBI:50812 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon nanostructure phenio.json CHEBI:50816 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iron oxide phenio.json CHEBI:50817 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iron oxide mineral phenio.json CHEBI:50818 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hematite phenio.json CHEBI:50819 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ferric oxide phenio.json CHEBI:50826 biolink:ChemicalSubstance silver nanoparticle A nanoparticle consisting of silver atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:50830 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluorinated steroid A steroid which is substituted with one or more fluorine atoms in any position. phenio.json CHEBI:50845 biolink:ChemicalSubstance doxycycline Tetracycline in which the 5beta-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group, while the 6alpha-hydroxy group is replaced by hydrogen. A semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic, it is used to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis and treat non-gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis, exacerbations of bronchitis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and adult periodontitis. phenio.json CHEBI:50846 biolink:ChemicalSubstance immunomodulator Biologically active substance whose activity affects or plays a role in the functioning of the immune system. phenio.json CHEBI:50847 biolink:ChemicalSubstance immunological adjuvant A substance that augments, stimulates, activates, potentiates, or modulates the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. A classical agent (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contains bacterial antigens. It could also be endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Its mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy is related to its antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity. phenio.json CHEBI:50855 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antiatherogenic agent A cardiovascular drug that prevents atherogenesis, the accumulation of lipid-containing plaques on the innermost layers of the arteries. Compare with antiatherosclerotic agent. phenio.json CHEBI:50857 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anti-allergic agent A drug used to treat allergic reactions. phenio.json CHEBI:50858 biolink:ChemicalSubstance corticosteroid A natural or synthetic analogue of the hormones secreted by the adrenal gland. phenio.json CHEBI:50860 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic molecular entity Any molecular entity that contains carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:50893 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azaarene phenio.json CHEBI:50902 biolink:ChemicalSubstance genotoxin A role played by a chemical compound to induce direct or indirect DNA damage. Such damage can potentially lead to the formation of a malignant tumour, but DNA damage does not lead inevitably to the creation of cancerous cells. phenio.json CHEBI:50903 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carcinogenic agent A role played by a chemical compound which is known to induce a process of carcinogenesis by corrupting normal cellular pathways, leading to the acquistion of tumoral capabilities. phenio.json CHEBI:50904 biolink:ChemicalSubstance allergen A chemical compound, or part thereof, which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy. phenio.json CHEBI:50905 biolink:ChemicalSubstance teratogenic agent A role played by a chemical compound in biological systems with adverse consequences in embryo developments, leading to birth defects, embryo death or altered development, growth retardation and functional defect. phenio.json CHEBI:50906 biolink:ChemicalSubstance role A role is particular behaviour which a material entity may exhibit. phenio.json CHEBI:50908 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hepatotoxic agent A role played by a chemical compound exihibiting itself through the ability to induce damage to the liver in animals. phenio.json CHEBI:50909 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nephrotoxic agent A role played by a chemical compound exihibiting itself through the ability to induce damage to the kidney in animals. phenio.json CHEBI:50910 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neurotoxin A poison that interferes with the functions of the nervous system. phenio.json CHEBI:50919 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antiemetic A drug used to prevent nausea or vomiting. An antiemetic may act by a wide range of mechanisms: it might affect the medullary control centres (the vomiting centre and the chemoreceptive trigger zone) or affect the peripheral receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:50925 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor An EC 2.7.11.* (protein-serine/threonine kinase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1), a kinase enzyme involved in phosphorylation of hydroxy group of serine or threonine. phenio.json CHEBI:50949 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serotonin uptake inhibitor A compound that specifically inhibits the reuptake of serotonin in the brain. This increases the serotonin concentration in the synaptic cleft which then activates serotonin receptors to a greater extent. phenio.json CHEBI:50967 biolink:ChemicalSubstance non-covalently-bound molecular entity Systems consisting of two or more molecular entities held together by non-covalent interactions. phenio.json CHEBI:50994 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary amino compound A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one hydrogen atom by an organyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:50995 biolink:ChemicalSubstance secondary amino compound A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing two hydrogen atoms by organyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:50996 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tertiary amino compound A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:5100 biolink:ChemicalSubstance flucytosine An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections. phenio.json CHEBI:51026 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macrocycle A cyclic compound containing nine or more atoms as part of the cyclic system. phenio.json CHEBI:51039 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dopamine uptake inhibitor A dopaminergic agent that blocks the transport of dopamine into axon terminals or into storage vesicles within terminals. Most of the adrenergic uptake inhibitors also inhibit dopamine uptake. phenio.json CHEBI:51060 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hormone agonist A chemical substance which binds to specific hormone receptors activating the function of the endocrine glands, the biosynthesis of their secreted hormones, or the action of hormones upon their specific sites. phenio.json CHEBI:51061 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hormone receptor modulator A drug that modulates the function of the endocrine glands, the biosynthesis of their secreted hormones, or the action of hormones upon their specific sites. phenio.json CHEBI:51069 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic halide salt phenio.json CHEBI:51086 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chemical role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a chemical context. phenio.json CHEBI:51121 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluorescent dye phenio.json CHEBI:51137 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mianserin A dibenzoazepine (specifically 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydrodibenzo[c,f]pyrazino[1,2-a]azepine) methyl-substituted on N-2. Closely related to (and now mostly superseded by) the tetracyclic antidepressant mirtazapinean, it is an atypical antidepressant used in the treatment of depression throughout Europe and elsewhere. phenio.json CHEBI:51143 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrogen molecular entity phenio.json CHEBI:51144 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrogen group phenio.json CHEBI:5115 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monofluorobenzene The simplest member of the class of monofluorobenzenes that is benzene carrying a single fluoro substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:51151 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dipolar compound An organic molecule that is electrically neutral carrying a positive and a negative charge in one of its major canonical descriptions. In most dipolar compounds the charges are delocalized; however the term is also applied to species where this is not the case. phenio.json CHEBI:5118 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluoxetine A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. phenio.json CHEBI:51208 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mecillinam A penicillin in which the 6beta substituent is [(azepan-1-yl)methylidene]amino; an extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic that binds specifically to penicillin binding protein 2 (PBP2), and is only considered to be active against Gram-negative bacteria. phenio.json CHEBI:51214 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diamminedichloroplatinum phenio.json CHEBI:51217 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluorochrome A fluorescent dye used to stain biological specimens. phenio.json CHEBI:51256 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amoxicillin(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:51269 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acenes Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons consisting of fused benzene rings in a rectilinear arrangement and their substitution derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:51270 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetracenes Compounds containing a tetracene skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:51276 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thioureas Compounds of general formula RR'NC(=S)NR''R'''. phenio.json CHEBI:51277 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thioester A compound of general formula RC(=O)SR'. Compare with thionoester, RC(=S)OR'. phenio.json CHEBI:51280 biolink:ChemicalSubstance S-methyl thioacetate phenio.json CHEBI:51285 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acenoquinone Quinones containing an acene fused ring system. phenio.json CHEBI:51286 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetracenequinones phenio.json CHEBI:51308 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dinitrile A dinitrile is a compound containing two nitrile groups. phenio.json CHEBI:51336 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metal sulfate Sulfate salts where the cation is a metal ion. phenio.json CHEBI:51337 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic sulfate salt phenio.json CHEBI:51349 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyamine macromolecule A macromolecule composed of units connected by imino (-NR-) linkages. phenio.json CHEBI:51354 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzylpenicillin(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:51356 biolink:ChemicalSubstance penicillinate anion Any anion formed by loss of a proton from the carboxy group of a penicillin. phenio.json CHEBI:51373 biolink:ChemicalSubstance GABA agonist A drug that binds to and activates gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:51374 biolink:ChemicalSubstance GABA agent A substance, such as agonists, antagonists, degradation or uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function, used for its pharmacological actions on GABAergic systems. phenio.json CHEBI:51384 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-ascorbic acid phenio.json CHEBI:51402 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenylenediamine A benzene substituted with two amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:51422 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organodiyl group Any organic substituent group, regardless of functional type, having two free valences at carbon atom(s). phenio.json CHEBI:51446 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic divalent group phenio.json CHEBI:51447 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic univalent group phenio.json CHEBI:51454 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclopropanes Cyclopropane and its derivatives formed by substitution. phenio.json CHEBI:51545 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2-benzoxazoles Compounds based on a fused 1,2-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton, with the O atom positioned adjacent to one of the positions of ring fusion. phenio.json CHEBI:51549 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzisoxazole Compounds based on a fused 1,2-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:51569 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acyl-amino acid A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with the amino group of an amino acid. phenio.json CHEBI:51570 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biotins Compounds containing a biotin (5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoic acid) skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:51683 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methoxybenzenes Any aromatic ether that consists of a benzene skeleton substituted with one or more methoxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:51688 biolink:ChemicalSubstance enal An alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-CH=O in which the aldehydic C=O function is conjugated to a C=C double bond at the alpha,beta position. phenio.json CHEBI:51689 biolink:ChemicalSubstance enone An alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-C(=O)R(4) (R(4) =/= H) in which the C=O function is conjugated to a C=C double bond at the alpha,beta position. phenio.json CHEBI:51702 biolink:ChemicalSubstance enoate ester An alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-C(=O)OR(4) (R(4) =/= H) in which the ester C=O function is conjugated to a C=C double bond at the alpha,beta position. phenio.json CHEBI:51718 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde An aldehyde of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-CH=O or RC#C-CH=O in which the aldehydic C=O function is conjugated to an unsaturated C-C bond at the alpha,beta position. phenio.json CHEBI:51721 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone A ketone of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-C(=O)R(4) (R(4) =/= H) or R(1)C#C-C(=O)R(2) (R(2) =/= H) in which the ketonic C=O function is conjugated to an unsaturated C-C bond at the alpha,beta position. phenio.json CHEBI:51737 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic ester A carboxylic ester of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-C(=O)OR(4) (R(4) =/= H) or R(1)C#C-C(=O)OR(2) (R(2) =/= H) in which the ester C=O function is conjugated to an unsaturated C-C bond at the alpha,beta position. phenio.json CHEBI:51750 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid amide A monocarboxylic amide of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-C(=O)NR(4)R(5) or R(1)C#C-C(=O)NR(2)R(3) in which the amide C=O function is conjugated to an unsaturated C-C bond at the alpha,beta position. phenio.json CHEBI:51751 biolink:ChemicalSubstance enamide An alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid amide of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-C(=O)NR(4)R(5) in which the amide C=O function is conjugated to a C=C double bond at the alpha,beta position. phenio.json CHEBI:51811 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ticarcillin(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:51856 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylphenidate(1+) phenio.json CHEBI:51857 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methyl (S)-phenyl[(S)-piperidin-2-yl]acetate A methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. It is the inactive enantiomer in the racemic drug methylphenidate. phenio.json CHEBI:51860 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dexmethylphenidate A methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate in which both stereocentres have R configuration. It is the active enantiomer in the racemic drug methylphenidate. phenio.json CHEBI:51867 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methyl ketone A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H). phenio.json CHEBI:51897 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbenicillin(2-) phenio.json CHEBI:5195 biolink:ChemicalSubstance furazolidone A member of the class of oxazolidines that is 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an N-{[(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino} group. It has antibacterial and antiprotozoal properties, and is used in the treatment of giardiasis and cholera. phenio.json CHEBI:51958 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic polycyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:51959 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic tricyclic compound phenio.json CHEBI:52017 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicloxacillin(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:52064 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methicillin(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:52090 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methoxide An organic anion that is the conjugate base of methanol. phenio.json CHEBI:52092 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethoxide An organic anion that is the conjugate base of ethanol. phenio.json CHEBI:52132 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxacillin(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:52206 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biochemical role A biological role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biochemical context. phenio.json CHEBI:52208 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biophysical role phenio.json CHEBI:52209 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aetiopathogenetic role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process. phenio.json CHEBI:52210 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pharmacological role A biological role which describes how a drug interacts within a biological system and how the interactions affect its medicinal properties. phenio.json CHEBI:52211 biolink:ChemicalSubstance physiological role phenio.json CHEBI:52214 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ligand Any molecule or ion capable of binding to a central metal atom to form coordination complexes. phenio.json CHEBI:52215 biolink:ChemicalSubstance photochemical role A chemical role played by the molecular entity or part thereof in a photochemical process. phenio.json CHEBI:52217 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pharmaceutical Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. phenio.json CHEBI:52254 biolink:ChemicalSubstance apatite A phosphate mineral with the general formula Ca5(PO4)3X where X = OH, F or Cl. phenio.json CHEBI:52255 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxylapatite A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH). phenio.json CHEBI:52290 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mitogen A chemical substance that encourages a cell to commence cell division, triggering mitosis. phenio.json CHEBI:52362 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ortho-fused heteroarene An ortho-fused compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:52395 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxyketone A compound with the general formula R2C=O (R=/=H) where one or more of the R groups contains an oxy (-O-) group. phenio.json CHEBI:52396 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-oxyketone An oxyketone with the general formula R2C(=O) (R=/=H) where one or more of the R groups contains an oxy (-O-) group and the oxy and carbonyl groups are bonded to the same carbon atom. phenio.json CHEBI:52424 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.2.1.* (glycosidase) inhibitor An EC 3.2.* (glycosylase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any glycosidase (i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds, EC 3.2.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:52425 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor An antiviral drug targeted at influenza viruses. Its mode of action consists of blocking the function of the viral neuraminidase protein (EC 3.2.1.18), thus preventing the virus from budding from the host cell. phenio.json CHEBI:52433 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperacillin(1-) phenio.json CHEBI:52440 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cephalosporin carboxylic acid anion phenio.json CHEBI:52449 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-oxo-ETE An oxoicosatetraenoic acid having a 5-oxo group; and (6E)-, (8Z), (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:52492 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mancozeb A mixture composed from maneb and zineb, which is used as a broad-spectrum contact fungicide. phenio.json CHEBI:52497 biolink:ChemicalSubstance maneb A polymeric complex of manganese with the ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand. An agrochemical fungicide, it is used to control a variety of diseases including blight, leaf spot, rust, downy mildew and scab. phenio.json CHEBI:52498 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zineb A polymeric complex of zinc with the ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand. Formerly used as an agricultural fungicide for the control of downy mildews and rusts, its use is no longer permitted in the US or the EU. phenio.json CHEBI:5254 biolink:ChemicalSubstance galactolipid A glycolipid and which the glyco component is specified as galactosyl. phenio.json CHEBI:52549 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sordarin An antifungal metabolite of Sordaria araneosa that inhibits protein synthesis. It has a tetracyclic diterpene glycoside structure. phenio.json CHEBI:52557 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetracyclic diterpenoid A diterpenoid with a tetracyclic skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:52575 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkylglycerol A glycerol ether having at least one alkyl substituent on oxygen. phenio.json CHEBI:52625 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic hydroxy compound phenio.json CHEBI:52630 biolink:ChemicalSubstance copper-63 The stable isotope of copper with relative atomic mass 62.929601, 69.2 atom percent natural abundance and nuclear spin 3/2. phenio.json CHEBI:52639 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylsphingosine The parent compounds of the ceramide family, composed of sphingosine having an unspecified fatty acyl group attached to the nitrogen. phenio.json CHEBI:52640 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylethanolamine An ethanolamine substituted at nitrogen by an acyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:52646 biolink:ChemicalSubstance leptomycin B A leptomycin having a (2E,10E,12E,16Z,18E)-double bond configuration as well as an ethyl substituent at position 17. phenio.json CHEBI:52651 biolink:ChemicalSubstance leptomycin A complex, very long chain, polyunsaturated fatty acid whose core structure comprises 8-oxononadeca-2,10,12,16,18-pentaenoic acid having methyl substituents at positions 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 15 and a 3,6-dihydropyran-6-one-2-yl group at position 19. phenio.json CHEBI:52726 biolink:ChemicalSubstance proteasome inhibitor A drug that blocks the action of proteasomes, cellular complexes that break down proteins. phenio.json CHEBI:5280 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gatifloxacin A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes. phenio.json CHEBI:52837 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quinolinium ion phenio.json CHEBI:52845 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic organic group An organic group that consists of a closed ring. It may be a substituent or a skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:52855 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inorganic nanoparticle A nanoparticle that contains no carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:52897 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingosylphosphocholine acid A cationic phosphosphingolipid consisting of sphingosine having a phosphocholine moiety attached to its primary hydroxyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:52898 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azamacrocycle A cyclic macromolecule containing one or more nitrogen atoms in place of carbon either as the divalent group NH for the group CH2 or a single trivalent nitrogen atom for the group CH. phenio.json CHEBI:53000 biolink:ChemicalSubstance epitope The biological role played by a material entity when bound by a receptor of the adaptive immune system. Specific site on an antigen to which an antibody binds. phenio.json CHEBI:53025 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-galactose 1-phosphate A galactose phosphate compound with undefined anomeric stereochemistry having L-configuration and the phosphate group at the 1-position. phenio.json CHEBI:53079 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lysine derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of lysine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of lysine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing lysine residues. phenio.json CHEBI:53121 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine A2A receptor antagonist An antagonist at the A2A receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:53212 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isocyanates Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N). phenio.json CHEBI:53231 biolink:ChemicalSubstance poly(ethylene imine) A polymer composed of repeating ethylamine units. phenio.json CHEBI:53291 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-halophenol A halophenol in which the halogen atom is bonded to the carbon atom adjacent to the C-OH group. phenio.json CHEBI:533015 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine zwitterion The amino acid zwitterion formed from 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine by tranfer of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group. It is the major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:53309 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyanionic macromolecule A polymer carrying multiple negative charges. phenio.json CHEBI:53339 biolink:ChemicalSubstance olefinic fatty acid Any fatty acid containing at least one C=C double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:53368 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ionic macromolecule A macromolecule containing ionic groups. phenio.json CHEBI:53559 biolink:ChemicalSubstance topoisomerase IV inhibitor A topoisomerase inhibitor that inhibits DNA topoisomerase IV, which catalyses ATP-dependent breakage of both strands of DNA, passage of the unbroken strands through the breaks, and rejoining of the broken strands. phenio.json CHEBI:53628 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucoside An alpha-D-glucoside deoxygenated at C-2 and C-6. phenio.json CHEBI:53634 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neomycin C A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine C. phenio.json CHEBI:53655 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefoxitin(1-) A cephalosporin carboxylic acid anion having methoxy, 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups, formed by proton loss from the carboxy group of the semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic cefoxitin. phenio.json CHEBI:53657 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefazolin(1-) A cephalosporin carboxylic acid anion having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups, formed by proton loss from the carboxy group of cefazolin. phenio.json CHEBI:53658 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ceftriaxone(1-) A cephalosporin carboxylis acid anion having 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetylamino and [(2-methyl-5,6-dioxo-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)sulfanyl]methyl side-groups, formed by proton loss from the carboxy group of ceftriaxone. phenio.json CHEBI:53661 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alexidine An amphipathic bisbiguanide with a structure consisting of two (2-ethylhexyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge. phenio.json CHEBI:53662 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biguanides A class of oral hypoglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus or prediabetes treatment. They have a structure based on the 2-carbamimidoylguanidine skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:53665 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxazinoquinoline Any organic heterotricyclic compound based on a skeleton comprised of an oxazine ring fused onto a quinoline system. phenio.json CHEBI:53670 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefotaxime(1-) A cephalosporin carboxylic acid anion having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side-groups, formed by proton loss from the carboxy group of the cephalosporin cefotaxime. phenio.json CHEBI:53676 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ceftazidime(1-) A cephalosporin carboxylic acid anion formed by proton loss from the carboxy group of ceftazidime, a cephalosporin having 7beta-[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-{[(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy]imino}acetyl]amino and 3-pyridinium-1-ylmethyl side-groups. phenio.json CHEBI:53746 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of IMP dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.205), so blocking de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides. phenio.json CHEBI:5385 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gliotoxin A pyrazinoindole with a disulfide bridge spanning a dioxo-substituted pyrazine ring; mycotoxin produced by several species of fungi. phenio.json CHEBI:5386 biolink:ChemicalSubstance globin phenio.json CHEBI:5391 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucagon A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence. phenio.json CHEBI:5435 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperidine-2,6-dione A dicarboximide that is piperidine which is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6. phenio.json CHEBI:545959 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homovanillic acid A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite. phenio.json CHEBI:546807 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-D-Galp-(1->3)-D-GalpNAc An amino disaccharide consisting of D-galactopyranose at the non-reducing end joined by a (1->3) glycosidic linkage to N-acetyl-D-galactopyranosamine. phenio.json CHEBI:5520 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gonadorelin A ten-membered synthetic oligopeptide comprising pyroglutamyl, histidyl, tryptophyl, seryl, tyrosyl, glycyl, leucyl, arginyl, prolyl and glycinamide residues joined in sequence. phenio.json CHEBI:5530 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gramicidin S phenio.json CHEBI:55322 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mu-opioid receptor agonist A compound that exhibits agonist activity at the mu-opioid receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:55324 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gastrointestinal drug A drug used for its effects on the gastrointestinal system, e.g. controlling gastric acidity, regulating gastrointestinal motility and water flow, and improving digestion. phenio.json CHEBI:55346 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anidulafungin A semisynthetic echinocandin anti-fungal drug. It is active against Aspergillus and Candida species and is used for the treatment of invasive candidiasis. phenio.json CHEBI:55370 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imidazolidinone An imidazolidine containing one or more oxo groups. phenio.json CHEBI:55373 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoxazoles Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent. phenio.json CHEBI:55374 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxazolidinone An oxazolidine containing one or more oxo groups. phenio.json CHEBI:55429 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cephamycin Any member of the cephamycin sub-group of cephem antibiotics, differing from cephalosporins in possessing a methoxy group at the 7alpha-position of the cephem nucleus, and in being resistant to beta-lactamase. phenio.json CHEBI:55505 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2-benzisothiazole A benzothiazole consisting of a benzene ring fused to an isothiazole. phenio.json CHEBI:5613 biolink:ChemicalSubstance haloperidol A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:5615 biolink:ChemicalSubstance halothane A haloalkane comprising ethane having three flouro substituents at the 1-position as well as bromo- and chloro substituents at the 2-position. phenio.json CHEBI:5653 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hemiacetal A compound having the general formula RR'C(OH)OR'' (R'' =/= H). phenio.json CHEBI:566274 biolink:ChemicalSubstance malonaldehyde A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. phenio.json CHEBI:5686 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heterocyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of at least two different elements. phenio.json CHEBI:57248 biolink:ChemicalSubstance echinocandin Any one of a family of large lipopeptides that are inhibitors of the enzyme 1,3-beta-glucan synthase, thus damaging fungal cell walls. Echinocandins are fungicidal against most Candida spp and fungistatic against Aspergillus spp. phenio.json CHEBI:57287 biolink:ChemicalSubstance coenzyme A(4-) Tetraanion of coenzyme A. phenio.json CHEBI:57288 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetyl-CoA(4-) An acyl-CoA(4-) that is the tetraanion of acetyl-CoA, arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups. phenio.json CHEBI:57299 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ATP(3-) A ribonucleoside triphosphate oxoanion that is the trianion of adenosine 5'-triphosphate arising from deprotonation of three of the four free triphosphate OH groups. phenio.json CHEBI:57305 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycine zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of glycine. phenio.json CHEBI:57306 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protoporphyrin(2-) The dicarboxylate anion of protoporphyrin, obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups. phenio.json CHEBI:57404 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostaglandin F2alpha(1-) A prostaglandin carboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of prostaglandin F2alpha, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57433 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sarcosine zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of sarcosine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57454 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 10-formyltetrahydrofolate(2-) Dianion of 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acid arising from deprotonation of both carboxylic acid functions. phenio.json CHEBI:57485 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carnosine zwitterion Zwitterionic form of carnosine. phenio.json CHEBI:57504 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-dopa zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion obtained from the transfer of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group of L-dopa. Major microspecies at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57540 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NAD(1-) An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:57560 biolink:ChemicalSubstance long-chain fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion with a chain length of C13 to C22. phenio.json CHEBI:57586 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biotinate Conjugate base of biotin arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:57603 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethanolaminium(1+) A primary aliphatic ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of ethanolamine arising from protonation of the primary amino function. phenio.json CHEBI:57606 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-oxoprolinate The conjugate base of 5-oxoproline. phenio.json CHEBI:57613 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine zwitterion The zwitterion of a phosphatidylethanolamine compound formed by proton transfer from the phosphate to the primary amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:57630 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:57652 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chondroitin D-glucuronate anion Anionic form of chondroitin D-glucuronate arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid groups of the repeating units; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57658 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate(5-) An organophosphate oxoanion obtained via global deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:57670 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylglycinate A carboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any N-acylglycine. phenio.json CHEBI:57718 biolink:ChemicalSubstance barbiturate(2-) Dianion of barbituric acid arising from deprotonation at the N-1 and C-5 positions. phenio.json CHEBI:57726 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-proline zwitterion A D-alpha-amino acid zwitterion that is D-proline in which a proton has been transferred from the carboxy group to the amino group. It is the major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57734 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-hexose 1-phosphate(2-) The dianion of any alpha-D-hexose 1-phosphate arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57739 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidate(2-) An ionic phospholipid that is a dianion of a phosphatidic acid arising from deprotonation of both phosphate OH groups. phenio.json CHEBI:57756 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingosine(1+) The cationic sphingoid resulting from the protonation of the amino group of sphingosine. phenio.json CHEBI:57757 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-threonine zwitterion A D-alpha-amino acid zwitterion that is D-threonine in which a proton has been transferred from the carboxy group to the amino group. It is the major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57761 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoxaminium(1+) An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of pyridoxamine arising from selective protonation of the primary amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57783 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NADPH(4-) Tetraanion of NADPH arising from deprotonation of the diphosphate and phosphate OH groups; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57817 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphinganine(1+) A cationic sphingoid obtained by protonation of the amino group of sphinganine. phenio.json CHEBI:57836 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate(7-) The heptaanion of a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57844 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-methionine zwitterion Zwitterionic form of L-methionine having a anionic carboxy group and a cationic amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57852 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prephenate(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion that is the conjugate base of prephenic acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57856 biolink:ChemicalSubstance S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine zwitterion Zwitterionic form of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine arising from migration of a proton from the carboxy group to the alpha-amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57867 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside 5'-phosphate dianion The conjugate base of a nucleoside 5'-phosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:57869 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 6-aminopenicillanic acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of 6-aminopenicillanic acid arising from migration of a proton from the carboxy group to the 6-amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57880 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol(1-) The conjugate base of a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57887 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tryptaminium An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of tryptamine arising from protonation of the primary amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57925 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutathionate(1-) A peptide anion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups and protonation of the glutamyl amino group of glutathione; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57926 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-threonine zwitterion Zwitterionic form of L-threonine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57930 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside 5'-diphosphate(3-) Trianion of nucleoside diphosphate arising from deprotonation of all three free OH groups of the diphosphate; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57932 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-methionine zwitterion Zwitterionic form of D-methionine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57934 biolink:ChemicalSubstance psychosine(1+) The ammonium ion resulting from the protonation of the amino group of psychosine. phenio.json CHEBI:57947 biolink:ChemicalSubstance creatine zwitterion Zwitterionic form of creatine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the guanidino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57948 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-oxo-D-prolinate The conjugate base of 5-oxo-D-proline; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57951 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-saccharopinate(1-) The conjugate base of L-saccharopine arising from deprotonation of all three carboxy groups and protonation of the primary and secondary amino groups; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57966 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-alanine zwitterion Zwitterionic form of beta-alanine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57971 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hygromycin B(3+) An ammonium ion that is the trication of hygromycin B arising from protonation of the three amino groups; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57977 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bilirubin(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of the two carboxy groups of bilirubin; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57981 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-phenylalanine zwitterion A D-alpha-amino acid zwitterion that is D-phenylalanine in which a proton has been transferred from the carboxy group to the amino group. It is the major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57986 biolink:ChemicalSubstance riboflavin(1-) An organic anion that is the conjugate base of riboflavin resulting from the removal of a proton from the nitrogen at position 3 (between the two carbonyl groups). Major microspecies at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:57988 biolink:ChemicalSubstance allysine zwitterion Zwitterionic form of allysine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58001 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary aliphatic ammonium ion The conjugate acid of a primary aliphatic amine. phenio.json CHEBI:58007 biolink:ChemicalSubstance streptomycin(3+) Trication of streptomycin arising from protonation of the guanidino and secondary amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:58017 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-O-phosphonato-alpha-D-ribofuranosyl diphosphate(5-) Pentaanion of 5-O-phosphono-alpha-D-ribofuranosyl diphosphate arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58025 biolink:ChemicalSubstance octopaminium The conjugate acid of octopamine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58043 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside 5'-monophosphate(2-) The dianion of a nucleoside monophosphate: major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58048 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-asparagine zwitterion Zwitterionic form of L-asparagine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58053 biolink:ChemicalSubstance IMP(2-) A nucleoside 5'-monophosphate(2-) that results from the removal of two protons from the phosphate group of IMP; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58065 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homocysteine zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion of homocysteine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58069 biolink:ChemicalSubstance CDP(3-) A nucleoside 5'-diphosphate(3-) arising from deprotonation of the three triphosphate OH groups of cytidine 5'-diphosphate (CDP); major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58072 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon monoxide(1+) Conjugate acid of carbon monoxide arising from protonation of the carbon; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58095 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-phenylalanine zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of L-phenylalanine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58097 biolink:ChemicalSubstance morphine(1+) The conjugate acid of morphine arising from protonation of the tertiary amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58104 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside 5'-triphoshate(3-) Trianion of nucleoside triphosphate arising from deprotonation of three of the four free triphosphate OH groups. phenio.json CHEBI:58115 biolink:ChemicalSubstance guanosine 5'-monophosphate(2-) A nucleoside 5'-monophosphate(2-) that results from the removal of two protons from the phosphate group of GMP. phenio.json CHEBI:58123 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion where the hydroxy group is placed at position 2 (alpha to the carboxy group) and has (S)-stereochemistry; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58126 biolink:ChemicalSubstance porphobilinogen(1-) Conjugate base of porphobilinogen arising from deprotonation of the two carboxy groups and protonation of the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58163 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homocystine zwitterion Dizwitterionic form of homocystine arising from transfer of two protons from the carboxy to the amino groups; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58165 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3',5'-cyclic AMP(1-) An organophosphate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of 3',5'-cyclic AMP arising from deprotonation of the free phosphate OH group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58190 biolink:ChemicalSubstance O-phosphonatoethanaminium(1-) An organophosphate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of O-phosphoethanolamine arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups and protonation of the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:582124 biolink:ChemicalSubstance myriocin An amino acid-based antibiotic derived from certain thermophilic fungi; acts as a potent inhibitor of serine palmitoyltransferase, the first step in sphingosine biosynthesis. Myriocin also possesses immunosuppressant activity. phenio.json CHEBI:58214 biolink:ChemicalSubstance kanamycin A(4+) A quadruply-charged organic cation arising from protonation of the four amino groups of kanamycin A; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:5827 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hymexazol A member of the class of isoxazoles carrying hydroxy and methyl substituents at positions 3 and 5 respectively. It is used worldwide as a systemic soil and seed fungicide for the control of diseases caused by Fusarium, Aphanomyces, Pythium, and Corticium spp. in rice, sugarbeet, fodderbeet, vegetables, cucurbits, and ornamentals. phenio.json CHEBI:58297 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glutathione disulfide(2-) A doubly-charged peptide anion arising from deprotonation of the four carboxy groups and protonation of the two amino groups of glutathione disulfide; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58299 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-dehydrosphinganinium(1+) A cationic sphingoid that is the conjugate acid of 3-dehydrosphinganine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58314 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2R)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion where the hydroxy group is placed at position 2 (alpha to the carboxy group) and has (R)-stereochemistry; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58315 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-tyrosine zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of L-tyrosine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58336 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate(2-) An organophosphate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58342 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acyl-CoA(4-) An acyl-CoA oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of any acyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58349 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NADP(3-) An organophosphate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of NADP(+); major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58375 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline zwitterion An L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58389 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trimethylammonium An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of trimethylamine, obtained via protonation of the nitrogen; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58402 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-oxo-L-prolinate Conjugate base of 5-oxo-L-proline. phenio.json CHEBI:58419 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-hydroxy-L-proline zwitterion The amino acid zwitterion formed from 4-hydroxy-L-proline. It is the major microspecies present at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58432 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histaminium An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of histamine protonated on the side-chain nitrogen. phenio.json CHEBI:58437 biolink:ChemicalSubstance deamido-NAD(2-) Dianion of deamido-NAD(+) arising from deprotonation of phosphate and carboxylic acid functions. phenio.json CHEBI:58448 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-thyroxine zwitterion Zwitterionic form of L-thyroxine. phenio.json CHEBI:58451 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate(1-) An organophosphate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:58456 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate(5-) The pentaanion of a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:58464 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate anion The conjugate base of a nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:58465 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dermatan sulfate polyanion The conjugate base of dermatan sulfate, obtained by deprotonation of carboxy and sulfate groups. phenio.json CHEBI:58496 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetyl-D-amino acid anion The conjugate base of an N-acetyl-D-amino acid. phenio.json CHEBI:58497 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acyl-L-aspartate(2-) Conjugate base of an N-acyl-L-aspartic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:58549 biolink:ChemicalSubstance kanamycin B(5+) An organic cation that is the pentacation of kanamycin B, obtained by protonation of the primary amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:58570 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-tyrosine zwitterion A D-alpha-amino acid zwitterion that is D-tyrosine in which a proton has been transferred from the carboxy group to the amino group. It is the major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58608 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate(2-) The conjugate base of a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate compound. phenio.json CHEBI:58759 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 6-phosphonatooxy-D-gluconate An organophosphate oxoanion that is a trianion arising from deprotonation of phosphate and carboxylic acid functions of 6-phospho-D-gluconic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:58779 biolink:ChemicalSubstance CDP-choline(1-) Conjugate base of CDP-choline(1+) arising from deprotonation of the diphosphate function. phenio.json CHEBI:58906 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingosine-1-phosphocholine(1+) An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of sphingosylphosphocholine, obtained by protonation of the amino group. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:58908 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-galactose 1-phosphate(2-) An organophosphate oxoanion that is the dianion of L-galactose 1-phosphate arising from deprotonation of both OH groups of the phosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:58941 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic tetrapyrrole anion An organic anion arising from deprotonation of a cyclic tetrapyrrole compound. phenio.json CHEBI:58945 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organophosphate oxoanion An organic phosphoric acid derivative in which one or more oxygen atoms of the phosphate group(s) has been deprotonated. phenio.json CHEBI:58946 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acyl-CoA oxoanion Any acyl coenzyme A thioester in which one or more of the phosphate and/or diphosphate groups has been deprotonated. phenio.json CHEBI:58950 biolink:ChemicalSubstance very long-chain fatty acid anion Any fatty acid anion with a chain length greater than C22. phenio.json CHEBI:58951 biolink:ChemicalSubstance short-chain fatty acid anion Any fatty acid anion obtained by removal of a proton from the carboxy group of a short-chain fatty acid (chain length of less than C6). phenio.json CHEBI:58953 biolink:ChemicalSubstance saturated fatty acid anion Any fatty acid anion in which there is no C-C unsaturation. phenio.json CHEBI:58954 biolink:ChemicalSubstance straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion Any saturated fatty acid anion lacking a carbon side-chain. phenio.json CHEBI:58955 biolink:ChemicalSubstance branched-chain fatty acid anion Any fatty acid anion with a carbon side-chain or isopropyl termination. phenio.json CHEBI:58956 biolink:ChemicalSubstance branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion Any saturated fatty acid anion with a carbon side-chain or isopropyl termination. phenio.json CHEBI:58958 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organosulfate oxoanion An organic anion of general formula RS(=O)2O(-) where R is an organyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:589779 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperidinium The conjugate acid of piperidine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:59059 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methyl isocyanate The isocyanate that is methane modified by a single isocyanato substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:59062 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polymyxin Polymyxins are antibiotics with a general structure consisting of a cyclic peptide with a long hydrophobic tail. They disrupt the structure of the bacterial cell membrane by interacting with its phospholipids. Polymyxins are produced by the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus polymyxa and are selectively toxic for Gram-negative bacteria. phenio.json CHEBI:59064 biolink:ChemicalSubstance colistin A A polymyxin having a (6R)-6-methyloctanoyl group at the amino terminus. phenio.json CHEBI:59066 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxolinate Conjugate base of oxolinic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:59107 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.4.24.* (metalloendopeptidase) inhibitor Any EC 3.4.* (hydrolases acting on peptide bond) inhibitor that interferes with the activity of a metalloendopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.*). phenio.json CHEBI:59132 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antigen Any substance that stimulates an immune response in the body, such as through antibody production or by presentation to a T-cell receptor after binding to a major histocompability complex (MHC). phenio.json CHEBI:59163 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biomarker A substance used as an indicator of a biological state. phenio.json CHEBI:59174 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hapten Any substance capable of eliciting an immune response only when attached to a large carrier such as a protein. Examples include dinitrophenols; oligosaccharides; peptides; and heavy metals. phenio.json CHEBI:59202 biolink:ChemicalSubstance straight-chain fatty acid Any fatty acid whose skeletal carbon atoms form an unbranched open chain. phenio.json CHEBI:59203 biolink:ChemicalSubstance straight-chain fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid functional group of a straight-chain fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:59226 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose An amino trisaccharide that is the carbohydrate portion of ganglioside GM3. It comprises a linear sequence of alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl, beta-D-galactosyl and beta-D-glucose residues linked (2->3) and (1->4). phenio.json CHEBI:59238 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic fatty acid Any fatty acid containing anywhere in its structure a ring of atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:5924 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.4.21.* (serine endopeptidase) inhibitor Any EC 3.4.* (hydrolases acting on peptide bond) inhibitor that inhibits the activity of a serine endopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.*). phenio.json CHEBI:59252 biolink:ChemicalSubstance linear tetrapyrrole anion An organic anion arising from deprotonation of a acyclic tetrapyrrole compound. phenio.json CHEBI:59266 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino trisaccharide An amino oligosaccharide that is a trisaccharide having one or more substituted or unsubstituted amino groups in place of hydroxy groups at unspecified positions. phenio.json CHEBI:59285 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor An EC 1.14.13.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating 1 atom of oxygen, with NADH or NADPH as one donor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of squalene monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.132). phenio.json CHEBI:5931 biolink:ChemicalSubstance insulin (human) An insulin that is produced in the pancreas and involved in regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates (particularly glucose) and fats. Commonly thought of as a protein, it consists of two peptide chains, one containing 21 amino acid residues and the other containing 30; the chains are joined together by 2 disulfide bonds. Recombinant insulin is identical to human insulin, but is synthesised by inserting the human insulin gene into E. coli, which then produces insulin for human use. It is used in the treatment of type I and type II diabetes. phenio.json CHEBI:59326 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostaglandin carboxylic acid anion A prostanoid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any prostaglandin. phenio.json CHEBI:59349 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefepime(1+) The conjugate acid of cefepime. phenio.json CHEBI:59358 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cefotetan(2-) The dianion formed by removal of a proton from each of the carboxylic acid groups of cefotetan. phenio.json CHEBI:59392 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cephalexin(1-) The anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxylic acid group of cephalexin. phenio.json CHEBI:59517 biolink:ChemicalSubstance DNA synthesis inhibitor Any substance that inhibits the synthesis of DNA. phenio.json CHEBI:59520 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-glycan The term used to refer to the carbohydrate portion of N-glycoproteins when attached to a nitrogen from asparagine or arginine side-chains. phenio.json CHEBI:59549 biolink:ChemicalSubstance essential fatty acid Any member of the sub-set of polyunsaturated fatty acid for which there is an absolute dietary requirement. phenio.json CHEBI:59554 biolink:ChemicalSubstance medium-chain fatty acid Any fatty acid with a chain length of between C6 and C12. phenio.json CHEBI:59558 biolink:ChemicalSubstance medium-chain fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety of a medium-chain fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:59560 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sapropterin A tetrahydropterin that is 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridin-4(3H)-one in which a hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a 1,2-dihydroxypropyl group (6R,1'R,2'S-enantiomer). phenio.json CHEBI:59561 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diamino acid anion An organic anion that is the conjugate base of diamino acid. phenio.json CHEBI:59635 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organophosphonate oxoanion An organic phosphonic acid derivative in which one or more oxygen atoms of the phosphonate group(s) has been deprotonated. phenio.json CHEBI:59644 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo fatty acid Any fatty acid containing at least one aldehydic or ketonic group in addition to the carboxylic acid group. phenio.json CHEBI:59647 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.3.1.* (acyltransferase transferring other than amino-acyl group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of serine palmitoyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.50). phenio.json CHEBI:59650 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino fatty acid A fatty acid containing at least one amino substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:59668 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nikkomycin A class of nucleoside-peptide antibiotics which inhibit fungal chitin biosynthesis by inhibiting chitin synthase. Generally consist of a heterocyclic moiety (usually a nucleobase), an amino hexuronic acid and an amino acid containing a pyridine ring. phenio.json CHEBI:59672 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.4.1.16 (chitin synthase) inhibitor A EC 2.4.1.* (hexosyltransferase) inhibitor that inhibits the action of chitin synthase (EC 2.4.1.16). phenio.json CHEBI:59673 biolink:ChemicalSubstance colistin B A polymyxin having a 6-methylheptanoyl group at the amino terminus. phenio.json CHEBI:59676 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nystatins A class of polyene antifungal antibiotics produced by Streptomyces noursei, and other Streptomyces species. phenio.json CHEBI:59683 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antipruritic drug A drug, usually applied topically, that relieves pruritus (itching). phenio.json CHEBI:59698 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphoric acids Compounds containing one or more phosphoric acid units. phenio.json CHEBI:59720 biolink:ChemicalSubstance HPETE anion An anion arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid function of any mono-hydroperoxy (e)icosatetraenoic acid (HPETE) phenio.json CHEBI:59724 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleoside triphosphate oxoanion An organophosphate anion resulting from deprotonation of at least one of the acidic hydroxy groups from the triphosphate moiety of a nucleoside triphosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:597326 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoxal 5'-phosphate(2-) The dianion resulting from the removal of two protons from the phosphate group of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:59740 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleophilic reagent A reagent that forms a bond to its reaction partner (the electrophile) by donating both bonding electrons. phenio.json CHEBI:59755 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-amino fatty acid A fatty acid with an amino substituent at position C-2. phenio.json CHEBI:59769 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetal An organooxygen compound having the structure RR'C(OR'')(OR''') (R'', R''' =/= H). Mixed acetals have R'' and R''' groups which differ. phenio.json CHEBI:59770 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic acetal An acetal in the molecule of which the acetal carbon and one or both oxygen atoms thereon are members of a ring. phenio.json CHEBI:59772 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hemiketal A hemiacetal having the structure RR(1)C(OH)OR(2) (R, R(1), R(2) =/= H), derived from a ketone by formal addition of an alcohol to the carbonyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:59777 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketal An acetal of formula R2C(OR)2 (R =/= H) derived from a ketone by replacement of the oxo group by two hydrocarbyloxy groups. The class name 'ketals', once abandoned by IUPAC, has been reinstated as a subclass of acetals. phenio.json CHEBI:59779 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic ketal A ketal in the molecule of which the ketal carbon and one or both oxygen atoms thereon are members of a ring. phenio.json CHEBI:59780 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclic hemiketal A hemiacetal having the structure R2C(OH)OR (R =/= H), derived from a ketone by formal addition of an alcohol to the carbonyl group. The term 'cyclic hemiketals', once abandoned by IUPAC, has been reinstated as a subclass of hemiacetals. phenio.json CHEBI:59789 biolink:ChemicalSubstance S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion A zwitterionic tautomer of S-adenosyl-L-methionine arising from shift of the proton from the carboxy group to the amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:59792 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thioacetal The sulfur analogue of 'acetal'. The term includes monothioacetals having the structure R2C(OR')(SR') (subclass monothioketals, R =/= H); and dithioacetals having the structure R2C(SR')2 (subclass dithioketals, R =/= H, R' =/= H). phenio.json CHEBI:59793 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monothioacetal A thioacetal having the structure R2C(OR')(SR'). The term includes monothioketals, R =/= H, as a subclass. phenio.json CHEBI:59806 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-nicotinium(1+) The conjugate acid of (S)-nicotine arising from selective protonation of the tertiary amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:59814 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-alpha-amino acid anion Conjugate base of an L-alpha-amino acid arising from deprotonation of the C-1 carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:59826 biolink:ChemicalSubstance progestin A synthetic progestogen. phenio.json CHEBI:59831 biolink:ChemicalSubstance enyne An acetylenic and an olefinic compound containing a carbon chain that contains a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon-carbon triple bond. phenio.json CHEBI:59835 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxy fatty acid anion The conjugate base of any hydroxy fatty acid, formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:59836 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxo fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion carrying one or more oxo substituents phenio.json CHEBI:59845 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-hydroxy fatty acid Any fatty acid with a hydroxy functional group in the beta- or 3-position. beta-Hydroxy fatty acids accumulate during cardiac hypoxia, and can also be used as chemical markers of bacterial endotoxins. phenio.json CHEBI:59864 biolink:ChemicalSubstance depigmentation drug Any drug used to depigment skin, normally by decreasing the excretion of melanin from melanocytes. phenio.json CHEBI:59869 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of an L-alpha-amino acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:59871 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-alpha-amino acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of a D-alpha-amino acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:59874 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion A carboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of an N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid arising from deprotonation of the C-1 carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:59876 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acyl-D-alpha-amino acid anion The conjugate base of an N-acyl-D-alpha-amino acid arising from deprotonation of the C-1 carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:59888 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gamma-aminobutyric acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of gamma-aminobutyric acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:59897 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor A DNA polymerase inhibitor that interferes with the activity of reverse transcriptase, EC 2.7.7.49, a viral DNA polymerase enzyme that retroviruses need in order to reproduce. phenio.json CHEBI:59905 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dopaminium(1+) An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of dopamine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:59999 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chemical substance A chemical substance is a portion of matter of constant composition, composed of molecular entities of the same type or of different types. phenio.json CHEBI:60004 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mixture A mixture is a chemical substance composed of multiple molecules, at least two of which are of a different kind. phenio.json CHEBI:600103 biolink:ChemicalSubstance daptomycin A polypeptide comprising N-decanoyltryptophan, asparagine, aspartic acid, threonine, glycine, ornithine, aspartic acid, D-alanine, aspartic acid, glycine, D-serine, threo-3-methylglutamic acid and 3-anthraniloylalanine (also known as kynurinine) coupled in sequence and lactonised by condensation of the carboxylic acid group of the 3-anthraniloylalanine with the alcohol group of the threonine residue. phenio.json CHEBI:60027 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polymer A polymer is a mixture, which is composed of macromolecules of different kinds and which may be differentiated by composition, length, degree of branching etc.. phenio.json CHEBI:60039 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-proline zwitterion The zwitterion formed from L-proline by proton transfer from the carboxy group to the ring nitrogen. It is the predominant species at physiological pH. phenio.json CHEBI:600520 biolink:ChemicalSubstance micafungin A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy. phenio.json CHEBI:60056 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cocaine(1+) The conjugate base of cocaine arising from protonation of the tertiary amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:60059 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dermatan anion A carbohydrate acid derivative anion obtained from dermatan by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid groups of the repeating units; the major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:60065 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine(1-) A carbohydrate acid derivative anion that is the conjugate base of alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosylceramide arising from deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:60071 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ertapenem(1-) The mono-anion resulting from the removal of a proton from one of the carboxyic acid groups of ertapenem. phenio.json CHEBI:60073 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylneuraminate A sialic acid anion arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group of an N-acylneuraminic acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:60119 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingosine 1-phosphate(1-) The conjugate base of sphingosine 1-phosphate having an anionic phosphate group and a protonated amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:6015 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoflurane phenio.json CHEBI:60164 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ionic polymer An ionic polymer is a polymer, composed of ionic macromolecules. phenio.json CHEBI:60169 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate A derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at three unspecified positions. phenio.json CHEBI:60240 biolink:ChemicalSubstance divalent metal cation A metal cation with a valence of two. phenio.json CHEBI:60242 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monovalent inorganic cation An atom or small molecule with a positive charge that does not contain carbon in covalent linkage, with a valency of one. phenio.json CHEBI:60247 biolink:ChemicalSubstance silver ion A silver atom having a net electric charge. phenio.json CHEBI:60251 biolink:ChemicalSubstance guanidinium ion R = C or H. The iminium ion resulting from the protonation of one of the imine nitrogens of guanidine or its derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:60253 biolink:ChemicalSubstance silver cation phenio.json CHEBI:60258 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.4.* (hydrolases acting on peptide bond) inhibitor A hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of any hydrolase acting on peptide bonds (peptidase), EC 3.4.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:6030 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isoniazide A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation between pyridine-4-carboxylic acid and hydrazine. phenio.json CHEBI:60302 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-thyroxine(1-) The alpha-amino-acid anion resulting from the removal of the proton from the carboxylic acid group of L-thyroxine. phenio.json CHEBI:60308 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyroninate The anion resulting from the removal of the proton from the carboxylic acid group of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine. phenio.json CHEBI:60311 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thyroid hormone Any hormone produced by the thyroid gland phenio.json CHEBI:6032 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isonicotinic acid A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is at position 4 of the pyridine ring. phenio.json CHEBI:60330 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-methyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)propanal oxime The oxime resulting from the formal condensation of 2-methyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)propanal with hydroxylamine. Addition of the oxime group to methyl isocyanate forms the final step in the synthesis of the systemic insecticide aldicarb. phenio.json CHEBI:60334 biolink:ChemicalSubstance peptide anion An anion formed by deprotonation of at least one peptide carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:60389 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-L-galactose 1-phosphate(2-) Dianion of alpha-L-galactose 1-phosphate arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:60426 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dioleoyl phosphatidylglycerol A phosphatidylglycerol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl. phenio.json CHEBI:60465 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-L-galactose 1-phosphate A L-galactose 1-phosphate compound having beta-configuration about the anomeric centre. phenio.json CHEBI:60466 biolink:ChemicalSubstance peptide zwitterion Zwitterionic form of any peptide where, in general, the amino terminus is positively charged and the carboxy terminus is negatively charged. phenio.json CHEBI:60479 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lysophosphatidylcholine An acylglycerophosphocholine resulting from partial hydrolysis of a phosphatidylcholine, which removes one of the fatty acyl groups. The structure is depicted in the image where R1 = acyl, R2 = H or where R1 = H, R2 = acyl. phenio.json CHEBI:60523 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylglycerol(1-) An ionic phospholipid that is the organophosphate oxoanion formed from phosphatidylglycerol by removal of a proton from the phosphate OH group. phenio.json CHEBI:60525 biolink:ChemicalSubstance molybdenum cofactor(2-) Molybdenum cofactor MoCo protonated to pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:60531 biolink:ChemicalSubstance flavin(1-) Flavin protonated to pH 7.3 phenio.json CHEBI:60598 biolink:ChemicalSubstance opioid agent Any agent that acts on an opioid receptor or affects the life cycle of an opioid transmitter. phenio.json CHEBI:60599 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mu-opioid agent Any agent that acts on a mu-opioid receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:60600 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amide fungicide Compounds that contain an amide group as a key feature of their structure and which have been used as fungicides. phenio.json CHEBI:60606 biolink:ChemicalSubstance opioid receptor agonist An agent that selectively binds to and activates an opioid receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:60643 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NMDA receptor antagonist Any substance that inhibits the action of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. They tend to induce a state known as dissociative anesthesia, marked by catalepsy, amnesia, and analgesia, while side effects can include hallucinations, nightmares, and confusion. Due to their psychotomimetic effects, many NMDA receptor antagonists are used as recreational drugs. phenio.json CHEBI:606564 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostaglandin E2(1-) The conjugate base of prostaglandin E2; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:606565 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-benzoylglycinate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of N-benzoylglycine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:6067 biolink:ChemicalSubstance isotretinoin A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases. phenio.json CHEBI:60690 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrogen-containing fatty acid Any fatty acid containing nitrogen as either a substituent or a replacement for a methylene carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:6076 biolink:ChemicalSubstance itraconazole An N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(+-)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, it is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis. phenio.json CHEBI:60761 biolink:ChemicalSubstance floxuridine A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract. phenio.json CHEBI:6078 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ivermectin A mixture consisting of >= 90% 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a (R = Me) and <= 10% 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1b (R = H). A semi-synthetic derivative of abamectin, it is used as a broad-spectrum antiparasite medication, particularly against worms (except tapeworms), although it is also effective against most mites and some lice. phenio.json CHEBI:60783 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside analogue An analogue of a nucleoside, being an N-glycosyl compound in which the nitrogen-containing moiety is a modified nucleotide base. They are commonly used as antiviral products to prevent viral replication in infected cells. phenio.json CHEBI:60798 biolink:ChemicalSubstance excitatory amino acid antagonist Any substance which inhibits the action of receptors for excitatory amino acids. phenio.json CHEBI:60809 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adjuvant Any pharmacological or immunological agent that modifies the effect of other agents such as drugs or vaccines while having few if any direct effects when given by itself. phenio.json CHEBI:60832 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tubulin modulator Any substance that interacts with tubulin to inhibit or promote polymerisation of microtubules. phenio.json CHEBI:60895 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-alpha-amino acid anion Any alpha-amino acid anion in which the parent amino acid has D-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:60911 biolink:ChemicalSubstance racemate A racemate is an equimolar mixture of a pair of enantiomers. phenio.json CHEBI:60915 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diastereoisomeric mixture A mixture composed of two or more diastereoisomers (stereoisomers not related as mirror images). phenio.json CHEBI:60924 biolink:ChemicalSubstance keratan sulfate A sulfated glycosaminoglycan, a linear polymer that consists of the repeating disaccharide [3)-beta-Gal-(1->4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1->] and containing sulfo groups located at random positions. phenio.json CHEBI:60926 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino monosaccharide Any amino sugar that is a monosaccharide in which one alcoholic hydroxy group is replaced by an amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:60943 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-HETE A HETE having a 5-hydroxy group and (6E)-, (8Z)-, (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:60948 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-Glc A linear trisaccharide comprising D-glucose (at the reducing end) having an alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl moiety at the 4-position. phenio.json CHEBI:60979 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-glucoside A glucoside in which the anomeric carbon of the glycosidic bond is in an alpha configuration phenio.json CHEBI:60980 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-glucoside A glucoside in which the anomeric carbon of the glycosidic bond is in a beta configuration phenio.json CHEBI:61007 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino fatty acid anion A nitrogen-containing fatty acid anion arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group of any amino fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:61008 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrogen-containing fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group of any nitrogen-containing fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:61015 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nephrotoxin A poison that interferes with the function of the kidneys. phenio.json CHEBI:61016 biolink:ChemicalSubstance angiotensin receptor antagonist A hormone antagonist that blocks angiotensin receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:61049 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tacrolimus (anhydrous) A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis. phenio.json CHEBI:61051 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lipid hydroperoxide Any lipid carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents. phenio.json CHEBI:61057 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tacrolimus hydrate A hydrate that is the monohydrate form of tacrolimus. phenio.json CHEBI:61073 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxygen radical An inorganic radical in which a free electron resides on one or more oxygen atoms of an oxygen species. phenio.json CHEBI:61078 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purine nucleoside bisphosphate A nucleoside bisphosphate that has a purine nucleobase. phenio.json CHEBI:61079 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleoside bisphosphate A nucleoside bisphosphate where sugar of the nucleoside is ribose. phenio.json CHEBI:61115 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor An EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the function of histone deacetylase (EC 3.5.1.98). phenio.json CHEBI:61120 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleobase-containing molecular entity Any compound that has a nucleobase as a part. phenio.json CHEBI:6121 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketamine A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group. phenio.json CHEBI:61292 biolink:ChemicalSubstance guanyl nucleotide A nucleotide having guanine as the base. phenio.json CHEBI:61293 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenyl nucleotide A nucleotide having adenine as the base. phenio.json CHEBI:61295 biolink:ChemicalSubstance guanyl ribonucleotide A purine ribonucleotide where the purine is guanine. phenio.json CHEBI:61296 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenyl ribonucleotide A purine riboncleotide where adenine is the purine. phenio.json CHEBI:61313 biolink:ChemicalSubstance C21-steroid A steroid that has a structure based on a 21-carbon (pregnane) skeleton. Note that individual examples may have ring substituents at other positions and/or contain double bonds, aromatic A-rings, expanded/contracted rings etc., so the formula and mass may vary from that given for the generic structure. phenio.json CHEBI:61336 biolink:ChemicalSubstance C4-dicarboxylate A dicarboxylate that contains four carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:61355 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid Any hydroxy carboxylic acid which contains a hydroxy group located beta- to the carboxylic acid group. phenio.json CHEBI:61360 biolink:ChemicalSubstance globoside Any glycosphingolipid where the oligosaccharide component has an N-acetylgalactosaminyl residue at the non-reducing end. phenio.json CHEBI:61384 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfolipid A compound containing a sulfonic acid residue joined by a carbon-sulfur bond to a lipid. phenio.json CHEBI:61409 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dihydroxyphenylacetic acid A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having two phenolic hydroxy substituents. phenio.json CHEBI:61469 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyanionic polymer A polymer, composed of polyanion macromolecules. phenio.json CHEBI:61557 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleoside 5'-triphoshate(4-) A ribonucleoside triphosphate oxoanion arising from global deprotonation of the triphosphate groups of any nucleoside triphosphate; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:61655 biolink:ChemicalSubstance steroid saponin Any saponin derived from a hydroxysteroid. phenio.json CHEBI:61660 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic sulfamate oxoanion An anion resulting from the removal of a proton from an organic sulfamic acid group. phenio.json CHEBI:61689 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino cyclitol Any cyclitol having one or more alcoholic hydroxy groups replaced by substituted or unsubstituted amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:61692 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyridoisoquinoline An organic heterotricyclic compound with a skeleton derived from a pyridine ring fused to an isoquinoline. phenio.json CHEBI:61697 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid derivative Any organic molecular entity derived from a fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:61704 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxoicosatetraenoic acid Any C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having four double bonds and at least one oxo group. phenio.json CHEBI:61739 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aureobasidin A A cyclodepsipeptide antibiotic, which is isolated from the filamentous fungus Aureobasidium pullulans R106 and is toxic to yeast at low concentrations (0.1-0.5 ug/ml). phenio.json CHEBI:61774 biolink:ChemicalSubstance inositol phosphorylceramide synthase inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor that inhibits the action of inositol phosphorylceramide synthase. phenio.json CHEBI:61950 biolink:ChemicalSubstance microtubule-stabilising agent Any substance that interacts with tubulin to promote polymerisation of microtubules. phenio.json CHEBI:61951 biolink:ChemicalSubstance microtubule-destabilising agent Any substance that interacts with tubulin to inhibit polymerisation of microtubules. phenio.json CHEBI:62031 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polar amino acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of a polar amino acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:62049 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acyl donor Any donor that can transfer acyl groups between molecular entities. phenio.json CHEBI:62070 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nalidixic acid anion A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of nalidixic acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:62081 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate An alkanesulfonate in which the carbon at position 1 is attached to at least two hydrogens. phenio.json CHEBI:62215 biolink:ChemicalSubstance allelochemical A class of secondary metabolites developed by many plants to influence the behaviour, growth or survival of herbivores, and thus acting as a defence against herbivory. phenio.json CHEBI:62220 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyocyanine(1+) An organic cation resulting from the protonation of pyocyanin. phenio.json CHEBI:62247 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (1R,2S)-epoxypropylphosphonate(1-) An organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of one of the two phosphonate OH groups of (1R,2S)-epoxypropylphosphonic acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:623918 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nikkomycin Z A uridine-based nucleoside-peptide antibiotic which inhibits fungal chitin biosynthesis by inhibiting chitin synthase. phenio.json CHEBI:62419 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (1R,2S)-epoxypropylphosphonate(2-) An organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the two phosphonate OH groups of (1R,2S)-epoxypropylphosphonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:62488 biolink:ChemicalSubstance signalling molecule A molecular messenger in which the molecule is specifically involved in transmitting information between cells. Such molecules are released from the cell sending the signal, cross over the gap between cells by diffusion, and interact with specific receptors in another cell, triggering a response in that cell by activating a series of enzyme controlled reactions which lead to changes inside the cell. phenio.json CHEBI:62490 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingomyelin d18:1(1+) A quaternary ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of sphingomyelin d18:1, obtined by protonation of the anionic phosphate function. phenio.json CHEBI:62495 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-glucosylsphingosine(1+) An ammonium ion that is obtained by protonation of the amino group of D-glucosylsphingosine. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:62499 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methyl-branched fatty acid Any branched-chain fatty acid containing methyl branches only. phenio.json CHEBI:62501 biolink:ChemicalSubstance folate(2-) The dicarboxylic acid dianion formed from folic acid by loss of a proton from each of the two carboxy groups in the glutamic acid moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:62622 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetate The indol-3-yl carboxylic acid anion formed by loss of a proton from the carboxy group of (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid; principal microspecies at pH 7.3 phenio.json CHEBI:62643 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anionic phospholipid Any organophosphate oxoanion that is a negatively charged phospholipid, e.g. phosphatidylserine(1-), phosphatidate(2-), phosphatidylglycerol(1-). phenio.json CHEBI:62732 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic ester An ester where the ester linkage is bonded directly to an aromatic system. phenio.json CHEBI:62733 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic amide An amide in which the amide linkage is bonded directly to an aromatic system. phenio.json CHEBI:62761 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tyrosine derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, any substitution of phenyl hydrogens, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of tyrosine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing tyrosine residues. phenio.json CHEBI:62764 biolink:ChemicalSubstance reactive nitrogen species A family of nitrogen molecular entities which are highly reactive and derived from nitric oxide (.NO) and superoxide (O2.(-)) produced via the enzymatic activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and NADPH oxidase respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:62803 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fuel additive Any additive that enhances the efficiency of fuel. phenio.json CHEBI:62868 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hepatoprotective agent Any compound that is able to prevent damage to the liver. phenio.json CHEBI:62872 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor An EC 1.2.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor which interferes with the action of aldehyde oxidase (EC 1.2.3.1). phenio.json CHEBI:62913 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.4.2.* (pentosyltransferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of a NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.30). phenio.json CHEBI:62920 biolink:ChemicalSubstance icosatetraenoate A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of icosatetraenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:62932 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mycophenolate A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:62937 biolink:ChemicalSubstance icosanoid anion The carboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of an icosanoid, formed when the carboxy group is deprotonated. phenio.json CHEBI:62941 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycosylceramide A ceramide compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxy group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group. phenio.json CHEBI:62942 biolink:ChemicalSubstance leukotriene anion A eicosanoid anion that is the conjugate base of a leukotriene. phenio.json CHEBI:62943 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostanoid anion An icosanoid anion that is the conjugate base of a prostanoid. phenio.json CHEBI:62944 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sialic acid anion A carboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of a sialic acid, formed by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:62945 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thromboxane anion A prostanoid anion that is the conjugate base of a thromboxane. phenio.json CHEBI:62978 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-hydroxyprolinate The alpha-amino-acid anion formed by loss of a proton from the carboxy group of 4-hydroxyproline. phenio.json CHEBI:62980 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homoserinate An alpha-amino-acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of homoserine. phenio.json CHEBI:62981 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-hydroxy-L-prolinate The L-alpha-amino acid anion that is the conjugate base of 4-hydroxy-L-proline, formed by proton loss from the carboxy group. It is the major microspecies present at pH > 10.6. phenio.json CHEBI:63046 biolink:ChemicalSubstance emulsifier The chemical role played by a substance that stabilizes an emulsion by increasing its kinetic stability. phenio.json CHEBI:63048 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,3-thiazolium cation An organic cation resulting from protonation or quaternisation at the 3-position of any 1,3-thiazole. phenio.json CHEBI:63056 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zinc cation Any zinc ion that is positively charged. phenio.json CHEBI:63063 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cadmium cation A transition element cation where the metal is specifed as cadmium. phenio.json CHEBI:63070 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-alaninate A beta-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of beta-alanine. phenio.json CHEBI:63114 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist An agonist that binds to and activates sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:63137 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-hydroxyproline zwitterion The amino acid zwitterion formed from 4-hydroxyproline. phenio.json CHEBI:63161 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycosyl compound A carbohydrate derivative arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to an oxygen, carbon, nitrogen or sulfur atom of a separate entity. phenio.json CHEBI:63165 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribonucleoside monophosphate oxoanion An organophosphate oxoanion resulting from deprotonation of at least one of the acidic hydroxy groups from the phosphate moiety of a ribonucleoside monophosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:63173 biolink:ChemicalSubstance T-cell proliferation inhibitor An inhibitor that interferes with the process of T-cell proliferation. phenio.json CHEBI:63247 biolink:ChemicalSubstance reducing agent The element or compound in a reduction-oxidation (redox) reaction that donates an electron to another species. phenio.json CHEBI:63248 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxidising agent A substance that removes electrons from another reactant in a redox reaction. phenio.json CHEBI:63299 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbohydrate derivative Any organooxygen compound derived from a carbohydrate by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by an amino group, a thiol group or similar heteroatomic groups. The term also includes derivatives of these compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:63332 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.3.* (phosphoric monoester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1). phenio.json CHEBI:63353 biolink:ChemicalSubstance disaccharide derivative A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a disaccharide. phenio.json CHEBI:63367 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monosaccharide derivative A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a monosaccharide. phenio.json CHEBI:63385 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexose derivative A monosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a hexose. phenio.json CHEBI:63394 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketoaldonic acid derivative A monosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a ketoaldonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:63409 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pentose derivative A monosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a pentose. phenio.json CHEBI:63423 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alditol derivative A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from an alditol. phenio.json CHEBI:63436 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbohydrate acid derivative A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a carbohydrate acid. phenio.json CHEBI:63470 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfur-containing amino-acid anion A sulfur-containing amino acid whose alpha-carboxylic acid group is ionized (not protonated). phenio.json CHEBI:63471 biolink:ChemicalSubstance branched-chain amino-acid anion A branched-chain amino acid whose alpha-carboxylic acid group is ionized. phenio.json CHEBI:63473 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic amino-acid anion An aromatic amino acid whose alpha-carboxylic acid group is ionized (non-protonated). phenio.json CHEBI:63477 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iodothyroninate An iodothyronine whose alpha carboxylic acid group of the tyrosine is ionized (not protonated). phenio.json CHEBI:63490 biolink:ChemicalSubstance explosive A substance capable of undergoing rapid and highly exothermic decomposition. phenio.json CHEBI:63510 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor An EC 3.6.3.* (acid anhydride hydrolase catalysing transmembrane movement of substances) inhibitor that interferes with the action of Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.9). phenio.json CHEBI:63533 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist Any drug which binds to gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors and triggers a response. phenio.json CHEBI:63534 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monoamine An aralylamino compound which contains one amino group connected to an aromatic ring by a two-carbon chain. Monoamines are derived from aromatic amino acids like phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and the thyroid hormones by the action of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase enzymes. phenio.json CHEBI:63551 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbohydrate acid derivative anion A carboxylic acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of a carbohydrate acid derivative. phenio.json CHEBI:63561 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketoaldonate derivative A carbohydrate acid derivative anion that is formally obtained from a ketoaldonate. phenio.json CHEBI:63563 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oligosaccharide derivative A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from an oligosaccharide. phenio.json CHEBI:63571 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trisaccharide derivative An oligosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a trisaccharide. phenio.json CHEBI:63580 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ribavirin A 1-ribosyltriazole that is the 1-ribofuranosyl derivative of 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide. A synthetic guanosine analogue, it is an inhibitor of HCV polymerase and possesses a broad spectrum of activity against DNA and RNA viruses. phenio.json CHEBI:63593 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-glycosyltriazole An N-glycosyl compound that consists of any triazole having a glycosyl residue attached at position 1. phenio.json CHEBI:63594 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-ribosyltriazole A 1-glycosyltriazole in which the glycosyl residue is specified as ribosyl. phenio.json CHEBI:63598 biolink:ChemicalSubstance levofloxacin An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. phenio.json CHEBI:63607 biolink:ChemicalSubstance linezolid An organofluorine compound that consists of 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one bearing an N-3-fluoro-4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl group as well as an acetamidomethyl group at position 5. A synthetic antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to a site on 23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit and prevents further formation of a functional 70S initiation complex. phenio.json CHEBI:63611 biolink:ChemicalSubstance moxifloxacin A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents. phenio.json CHEBI:63673 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chemokine receptor 5 antagonist An antogonist that blocks chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5). phenio.json CHEBI:63697 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrrolidinopiperidine Any organic heterobicyclic compound containing ortho-fused pyrrolidine and piperidine rings. phenio.json CHEBI:63699 biolink:ChemicalSubstance moxifloxacinium(1+) An organic cation obtained by protonation of moxifloxacin. phenio.json CHEBI:63726 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neuroprotective agent Any compound that can be used for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. phenio.json CHEBI:63790 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glyco-amino-acid anion The amino-acid anion formed by proton loss from the carboxylic acid function of a glyco-amino acid. phenio.json CHEBI:63941 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a A macrocyclic lactone that is avermectin B1a in which the double bond present in the spirocyclic ring system has been reduced to a single bond. It is the major component of ivermectin. phenio.json CHEBI:63943 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1b A macrocyclic lactone that is avermectin B1b in which the double bond present in the spirocyclic ring system has been reduced to a single bond. It is the minor component of ivermectin. phenio.json CHEBI:63944 biolink:ChemicalSubstance macrocyclic lactone Any lactone in which the cyclic carboxylic ester group forms a part of a cyclic macromolecule. phenio.json CHEBI:63951 biolink:ChemicalSubstance estrogen receptor agonist An agonist at the estrogen receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:64009 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroperoxy fatty acid Any fatty acid carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents. phenio.json CHEBI:64012 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroperoxy fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of any hydroperoxy fatty acid, formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:64018 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protein kinase C agonist An agonist that selectively binds to and activates a protein kinase C receptor phenio.json CHEBI:64047 biolink:ChemicalSubstance food additive Any substance which is added to food to preserve or enhance its flavour and/or appearance. phenio.json CHEBI:64049 biolink:ChemicalSubstance food acidity regulator A food additive that is used to change or otherwise control the acidity or alkalinity of foods. They may be acids, bases, neutralising agents or buffering agents. phenio.json CHEBI:64106 biolink:ChemicalSubstance protein kinase agonist An agonist that selectively binds to and activates a protein kinase receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:64130 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrazinoindole An organic heterotricyclic compound comprising a pyrazine ring fused to an indole ring system. phenio.json CHEBI:64133 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.5.1.* (non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of protein farnesyltransferase (EC 2.5.1.58), one of the three enzymes in the prenyltransferase group. phenio.json CHEBI:64203 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methiothepin A dibenzothiepine that is 10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepine bearing additional methylthio and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 8 and 10 respectively. Potent 5-HT2 antagonist, also active as 5-HT1 antagonist. Differentiates 5-HT1D sub-types. Also displays affinity for rodent 5-HT5B, 5-HT5A, 5-HT7 and 5-HT6 receptors (pK1 values are 6.6, 7.0, 8.4 and 8.7 respectively). phenio.json CHEBI:64204 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methiothepin(2+) A doubly-charged organic cation arising from protonation of the two tertiary amino functions of methiothepin. phenio.json CHEBI:64228 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tunicamycin A0 A nucleoside that is one of the homologues in the mixture that is tunicamycin, characterised by an 11-methyldodec-2-enoyl fatty acyl substituent on the amino group of the tunicamine moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:64237 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.8.15 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.7.8.* (transferases for other substituted phosphate groups) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase (EC 2.7.8.15), preventing formation of N-acetylglucosamine lipid intermediates and glycosylation of newly synthesised glycoproteins. phenio.json CHEBI:64245 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tunicamycin A1 A nucleoside that is one of the homologues in the mixture that is tunicamycin, characterised by a 12-methyltridec-2-enoyl fatty acyl substituent on the amino group of the tunicamine moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:64246 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tunicamycin A2 A nucleoside that is one of the homologues in the mixture that is tunicamycin, characterised by a tetradec-2-enoyl fatty acyl substituent on the amino group of the tunicamine moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:64248 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tunicamycin B1 A nucleoside that is one of the homologues in the mixture that is tunicamycin, characterised by a pentadec-2-enoyl fatty acyl substituent on the amino group of the tunicamine moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:64250 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tunicamycin B2 A nucleoside that is one of the homologues in the mixture that is tunicamycin, characterised by a 13-methyltetradec-2-enoyl fatty acyl substituent on the amino group of the tunicamine moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:64255 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tunicamycin B3 A nucleoside that is one of the homologues in the mixture that is tunicamycin, characterised by an 13-methyltetradecanoyl fatty acyl substituent on the amino group of the tunicamine moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:64256 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tunicamycin C1 A nucleoside that is one of the homologues in the mixture that is tunicamycin, characterised by a 14-methylpentadec-2-enoyl fatty acyl substituent on the amino group of the tunicamine moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:64257 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tunicamycin C2 A nucleoside that is one of the homologues in the mixture that is tunicamycin, characterised by a hexadec-2-enoyl fatty acyl substituent on the amino group of the tunicamine moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:64268 biolink:ChemicalSubstance erythromycin A(1+) An erythromycin cation that is the conjugate acid of erythromycin A, arising from protonation of the tertiary amino group on the 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residue; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:64271 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tunicamycin D1 A nucleoside that is one of the homologues in the mixture that is tunicamycin, characterised by a heptadec-2-enoyl fatty acyl substituent on the amino group of the tunicamine moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:64272 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tunicamycin D2 A nucleoside that is one of the homologues in the mixture that is tunicamycin, characterised by a 15-methylhexadec-2-enoyl fatty acyl substituent on the amino group of the tunicamine moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:64290 biolink:ChemicalSubstance erythromycin cation An organic cation obtained by protonation of any erythromycin. phenio.json CHEBI:6432 biolink:ChemicalSubstance levamisole A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine. phenio.json CHEBI:64355 biolink:ChemicalSubstance posaconazole An N-arylpiperazine that consists of piperazine carrying two 4-substituted phenyl groups at positions 1 and 4. A triazole antifungal drug. phenio.json CHEBI:64365 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aralkylamino compound An organic amino compound in which an aminoalkyl group is linked to an arene. phenio.json CHEBI:64383 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pentamidinium(2+) A carboxamidinium ion obtained by protonation of both amindino groups of pentamidine. phenio.json CHEBI:64390 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-hexanoylglycine An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as hexanoyl. phenio.json CHEBI:64416 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor An EC 1.3.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH group of donor, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of arogenate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.1.43). phenio.json CHEBI:64459 biolink:ChemicalSubstance biaryl An organic aromatic compound whose structure contains two aromatic rings or ring systems, joined to each other by a single bond. phenio.json CHEBI:64554 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tryptophan zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of tryptophan; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:64558 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methionine zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of methionine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:64570 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.1.2.* (hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferases) inhibitor that interferes with the action of glycine hydroxymethyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.1). phenio.json CHEBI:64571 biolink:ChemicalSubstance NMDA receptor agonist An excitatory amino acid agonist which binds to NMDA receptors and triggers a response. phenio.json CHEBI:64577 biolink:ChemicalSubstance flour treatment agent A food additive which is added to flour or dough to improve baking quality and/or colour. phenio.json CHEBI:64583 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingomyelin Any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of a sphingoid base is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxy group of the sphingoid base is esterified to phosphorylcholine. phenio.json CHEBI:64584 biolink:ChemicalSubstance uremic toxin A toxin that accumulates in patients with chronic kidney disease. phenio.json CHEBI:64588 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycine transporter 1 inhibitor Any glycine transporter inhibitor that interferes with the action of glycine 1 transporters. phenio.json CHEBI:64589 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycine receptor agonist An agonist that binds to and activates glycine receptors phenio.json CHEBI:64600 biolink:ChemicalSubstance C21-steroid hormone A steroid compound with a structure based on a 21-carbon (pregnane) skeleton that acts as a hormone. phenio.json CHEBI:64611 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ether lipid A lipid similar in structure to a glycerolipid but in which one or more of the carbon atoms on glycerol is bonded to an alkyl chain via an ether linkage, as opposed to the usual ester linkage. phenio.json CHEBI:64612 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion An optically active phosphatidylethanolamine zwitterion having R-configuration phenio.json CHEBI:64628 biolink:ChemicalSubstance somatostatin A fourteen-membered heterodetic cyclic peptide comprising the sequence Ala-Gly-Cys-Lys-Asn-Phe-Phe-Trp-Lys-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Cys cyclised by a disulfide bridge between the two Cys residues at positions 3 and 14. phenio.json CHEBI:64637 biolink:ChemicalSubstance O-polysaccharide A repetitive glycan polysaccharide contained within a lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The O-antigen is attached to the core oligosaccharide, and comprises the outermost domain of the LPS molecule. phenio.json CHEBI:64641 biolink:ChemicalSubstance divalent inorganic cation An inorganic cation with a valency of two. phenio.json CHEBI:64645 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amyloid-beta A peptide of 36-43 amino acids that is processed from the amyloid precursor protein. Appears to be the main constituent of amyloid plaques (deposits found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients). phenio.json CHEBI:64647 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amyloid-beta polypeptide 42 A beta-amyloid that ia a 42 amino acid polypeptide of sequence Asp Ala Glu Phe Arg His Asp Ser Gly Tyr Glu Val His His Gln Lys Leu Val Phe Phe Ala Glu Asp Val Gly Ser Asn Lys Gly Ala Ile Ile Gly Leu Met Val Gly Gly Val Val Ile Ala. phenio.json CHEBI:64674 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine An optically active form of phosphatidylethanolamine having R-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:64678 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anthracycline cation An organic cation obtained by protonation of any anthracycline. phenio.json CHEBI:64708 biolink:ChemicalSubstance one-carbon compound An organic molecular entity containing a single carbon atom (C1). phenio.json CHEBI:64709 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic acid Any organic molecular entity that is acidic and contains carbon in covalent linkage. phenio.json CHEBI:64712 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trivalent inorganic cation An atom or small molecule with a positive charge that does not contain carbon in covalent linkage, with a valency of three. phenio.json CHEBI:6472 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lincomycin A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis. phenio.json CHEBI:64767 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anionic group A group that carries an overall negative charge. phenio.json CHEBI:64775 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic anionic group An anionic group that contains carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:64816 biolink:ChemicalSubstance doxorubicin(1+) An anthracycline cation that is the conjugate acid of doxorubicin, arising from protonation of the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:64857 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cosmetic The role played by a substance in enhancing the appearance or odour of the human body; a name given to the substance itself or to a component of it. phenio.json CHEBI:64909 biolink:ChemicalSubstance poison Any substance that causes disturbance to organisms by chemical reaction or other activity on the molecular scale, when a sufficient quantity is absorbed by the organism. phenio.json CHEBI:64911 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimitotic Any compound that inhibits cell division (mitosis). phenio.json CHEBI:64912 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimycobacterial drug A drug used to treat or prevent infections caused by Mycobacteria, a genus of actinobacteria. Aerobic and nonmotile, members of the genus include the pathogens responsible for causing tuberculosis and leprosy. phenio.json CHEBI:64915 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antiplasmodial drug An antiparasitic drug which is effective against Apicomplexan parasites in the genus Plasmodium. The genus contains over 200 species and includes those responsible for malaria. phenio.json CHEBI:64926 biolink:ChemicalSubstance serine protease inhibitor Any protease inhibitor that restricts the action of a serine protease. phenio.json CHEBI:64933 biolink:ChemicalSubstance melanin synthesis inhibitor A depigmentation agent which inhibits the synthesis of melanin. phenio.json CHEBI:64946 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anti-HIV agent An antiviral agent that destroys or inhibits the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus. phenio.json CHEBI:6495 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lipoprotein A clathrate complex consisting of a lipid enwrapped in a protein host without covalent binding in such a way that the complex has a hydrophilic outer surface consisting of all the protein and the polar ends of any phospholipids. phenio.json CHEBI:64996 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor A lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.33). phenio.json CHEBI:65001 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor Any EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that inhibits the action of triacylglycerol lipase (EC 3.1.1.3). phenio.json CHEBI:65023 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anti-asthmatic agent Any compound that has anti-asthmatic effects. phenio.json CHEBI:65053 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 4.1.1.19 (arginine decarboxylase) inhibitor An EC 4.1.1.* (carboxy-lyase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of arginine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.19). phenio.json CHEBI:65056 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.3.* (phosphoric monoester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of fructose-bisphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.11). phenio.json CHEBI:65057 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine A1 receptor agonist An agonist at the A1 receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:65064 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.1.1.79 (cyclopropane-fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase) inhibitor An EC 2.1.1.* (methyltransferases) inhibitor that interferes with the action of cyclopropane fatty acid synthase (EC 2.1.1.79). phenio.json CHEBI:65065 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.1.1.72 [site-specific DNA-methyltransferase (adenine-specific)] inhibitor An EC 2.1.1.* (methyltransferases) inhibitor that interferes with the action of site-specific DNA-methyltransferase (adenine-specific), EC 2.1.1.72. phenio.json CHEBI:65076 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neamine(4+) An organic cation obtained by protonation of the four free amino groups of neamine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:65077 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neomycin C(6+) An organic cation obtained by protonation of the six free amino groups of neomycin C; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:65172 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ximelagatran A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage. phenio.json CHEBI:65173 biolink:ChemicalSubstance iloperidone A member of the class of piperidines that is the 4-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl ether of 3-(piperidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol which is substituted at position 4 of the piperidine ring by a 6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl group. A member of the group of second generation antipsychotics (also known as an atypical antipsychotics), it is used for the treatment of schizophrenia. phenio.json CHEBI:65190 biolink:ChemicalSubstance first generation antipsychotic Antipsychotic drugs which can have different modes of action but which tend to be more likely than second generation antipsychotics to cause extrapyramidal motor control disabilities such as body rigidity or Parkinson's disease-type movements; such body movements can become permanent even after treatment has ceased. phenio.json CHEBI:65191 biolink:ChemicalSubstance second generation antipsychotic Antipsychotic drugs which can have different modes of action but which tend to be less likely than first generation antipsychotics to cause extrapyramidal motor control disabilities such as body rigidity or Parkinson's disease-type movements. phenio.json CHEBI:65212 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polysaccharide derivative A carbohydrate derivative that is any derivative of a polysaccharide. phenio.json CHEBI:65232 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor An EC 3.4.21.* (serine endopeptidase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5). phenio.json CHEBI:65234 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amidoxime Amidines of general formula RC(=NOH)NR(1)R(2), in which the imino nitrogen is substituted by a hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:65255 biolink:ChemicalSubstance food preservative Substances which are added to food in order to prevent decomposition caused by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes. phenio.json CHEBI:65256 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antimicrobial food preservative A food preservative which prevents decomposition of food by preventing the growth of fungi or bacteria. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted food preservatives are from E200 to E299, divided into sorbates (E200-209), benzoates (E210-219), sulfites (E220-229), phenols and formates (E230-239), nitrates (E240-259), acetates (E260-269), lactates (E270-279), propionates (E280-289) and others (E290-299). phenio.json CHEBI:65259 biolink:ChemicalSubstance GABA antagonist A compound that inhibits the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:65265 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antacid Any substance which is used to neutralise stomach acidity. phenio.json CHEBI:65296 biolink:ChemicalSubstance primary ammonium ion An ammonium ion derivative resulting from the protonation of the nitrogen atom of a primary amino compound. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:65311 biolink:ChemicalSubstance corticotropin-releasing hormone A family of peptide hormones derived from a 191-membered prehormone, secreted by the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus in response to stress. The first full sequence was discovered in sheep, those in rats and humans differ from the ovine sequence by 7 amino acids. phenio.json CHEBI:65321 biolink:ChemicalSubstance terpenoid indole alkaloid An indole alkaloid which is biosynthesised from L-tryptophan and isoprenoid building blocks. phenio.json CHEBI:65341 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-HETE(1-) An unsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of 5-hydroxy-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-icosatetraenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:65342 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-oxo-ETE(1-) A long-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of 5-oxo-ETE, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:6650 biolink:ChemicalSubstance malic acid A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:66873 biolink:ChemicalSubstance C4-dicarboxylic acid Any dicarboxylic acid that contains four carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:66874 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carnosinate An N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion that is the conjugate base of carnosine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:66884 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-alkylglycine zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of any N-alkylglycine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:66916 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alanine zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of alanine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:66922 biolink:ChemicalSubstance citrullinate An alpha-amino acid anion that is the conjugate base of citrulline, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:66924 biolink:ChemicalSubstance creatinate A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of creatine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:66933 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-alkylglycine Any glycine derivative in which glycine is substituted at position 2 by an alkyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:66952 biolink:ChemicalSubstance homocysteinate An alpha-amino acid anion that is the conjugate base of homocysteine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:66956 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antidyskinesia agent Any compound which can be used to treat or alleviate the symptoms of dyskinesia. phenio.json CHEBI:66987 biolink:ChemicalSubstance radiation protective agent Any compound that is able to protect normal cells from the damage caused by radiation therapy. phenio.json CHEBI:66998 biolink:ChemicalSubstance histidinate derivative A carboxylic acid anion which is a conjugate base of a histidine derivative having either D- or L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:67009 biolink:ChemicalSubstance S-adenosyl-L-homocysteinate A L-alpha-amino acid anion obtained by deprotonation of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. phenio.json CHEBI:67011 biolink:ChemicalSubstance folates An N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion obtained by deprotonation of any folic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:67012 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-dopa(1-) A L-alpha-amino acid anion which is the conjugate base of L-dopa, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group: major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:67013 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methyl-branched fatty acid anion Any branched-chain fatty acid anion containing methyl branches only. phenio.json CHEBI:67016 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetrahydrofolate A folate obtained by deprotonation of any tetrahydrofolic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:67040 biolink:ChemicalSubstance S-adenosyl-L-methioninate A sulfonium betaine that is a conjugate base of S-adenosyl-L-methionine obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:67072 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cannabinoid receptor agonist An agonist that binds to and activates cannabinoid receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:67079 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anti-inflammatory agent Any compound that has anti-inflammatory effects. phenio.json CHEBI:67114 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ryanodine receptor agonist A ryanodine receptor modulator which activates the receptor. Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) act as selective ion channels, modulating the release of calcium. Activating the receptors causes the release of calcium, so depleting internal calcium and ultimately preventing further muscle contraction. phenio.json CHEBI:67142 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nucleobase analogue A molecule that can substitute for a normal nucleobase in nucleic acids. phenio.json CHEBI:67194 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cannabinoid A diverse group of pharmacologically active secondary metabolite characteristic to Cannabis plant as well as produced naturally in the body by humans and animals. Cannabinoids contain oxygen as a part of the heterocyclic ring or in the form of various functional groups. They are subdivided on the basis of their origin. phenio.json CHEBI:67197 biolink:ChemicalSubstance endocannabinoid A class of cannabinoids present in mammalian biological fluids and tissues that activate cannabinoid receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:67200 biolink:ChemicalSubstance provitamin A A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues. phenio.json CHEBI:67273 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monohydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones Any 1,4-benzoquinone carrying a single hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:6801 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metformin A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1. phenio.json CHEBI:6827 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methicillin A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:6835 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methomyl A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of methylcarbamic acid with the hydroxy group of 1-(methylsulfanyl)acetaldoxime. phenio.json CHEBI:68452 biolink:ChemicalSubstance azole Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. phenio.json CHEBI:68472 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside A deoxyribonucleoside containing a pyrimidine base. phenio.json CHEBI:68481 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mTOR inhibitor A protein kinase inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a protein that regulates cell growth, cell proliferation, cell motility, cell survival, protein synthesis and transcription. mTOR inhibitors are used to prevent transplant rejection and in treatment of cancer. phenio.json CHEBI:68485 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Glcp alpha-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-D-Glcp with beta-configuration at the reducing end anomeric centre. phenio.json CHEBI:68495 biolink:ChemicalSubstance apoptosis inducer Any substance that induces the process of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in multi-celled organisms. phenio.json CHEBI:68563 biolink:ChemicalSubstance P2Y12 receptor antagonist An antagonist at the P2Y12 receptor phenio.json CHEBI:68566 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-methylglutaric acid An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is glutaric acid substituted at position 3 by a methyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:68641 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (-)-cotinine An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum. phenio.json CHEBI:6887 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylphenidate A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy. phenio.json CHEBI:69136 biolink:ChemicalSubstance latrunculin A A bicyclic macrolide natural product consisting of a 16-membered bicyclic lactone attached to the rare 2-thiazolidinone moiety. It is obtained from the Red Sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica and from the Fiji Islands sponge Cacospongia mycofijiensis. Latrunculin A inhibits actin polymerisation, microfilament organsation and microfilament-mediated processes. phenio.json CHEBI:6923 biolink:ChemicalSubstance miconazole A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes. phenio.json CHEBI:7025 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mupirocin An alpha,beta-unsaturated ester resulting from the formal condensation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid with the carboxy group of (2E)-4-[(2S)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid in which the tetrahydropyranyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by hydroxy groups and at position 5 by a {(2S,3S)-3-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl]oxiran-2-yl}methyl group. Originally isolated from the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, it is used as a topical antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections. phenio.json CHEBI:7035 biolink:ChemicalSubstance muscimol A member of the class of isoxazoles that is 1,2-oxazol-3(2H)-one substituted by an aminomethyl group at position 5. It has been isolated from mushrooms of the genus Amanita. phenio.json CHEBI:7044 biolink:ChemicalSubstance myoglobin phenio.json CHEBI:70709 biolink:ChemicalSubstance progesterone receptor agonist A hormone agonist that binds to and activates progesterone receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:70727 biolink:ChemicalSubstance topoisomerase inhibitor An EC 5.99.1.* (miscellaneous isomerase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any of the topoisomerases (enzymes that regulate the overwinding or underwinding of DNA). phenio.json CHEBI:70728 biolink:ChemicalSubstance actin polymerisation inhibitor Any substance that inhibits the polymerisation of the protein actin. phenio.json CHEBI:70958 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-methylhistidine A methylhistidine in which the methyl group is located at N-1. phenio.json CHEBI:70959 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-methylhistidine A methylhistidine in which the methyl group is located at N-3. phenio.json CHEBI:70977 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkane-alpha,omega-diammonium(2+) An organic cation obtained by protonation of the amino groups of any alkane-alpha,omega-diamine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:70979 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-isobutyrylglycine An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as isobutryl. phenio.json CHEBI:71181 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Sir2 inhibitor An EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of Sir2. phenio.json CHEBI:71232 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine receptor antagonist An antagonist at any adenosine receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:71285 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organophosphonate(2-) An organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of both phosphonate OH groups of any phosphonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:71300 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.* (transferase) inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor that inhibits the action of a transferase (EC 2.*) phenio.json CHEBI:71321 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fusidate A steroid acid anion that is the conjugate base of fusidic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:71337 biolink:ChemicalSubstance minocycline(1-) An organic anion that is the conjugate base of minocycline, obtained by deprotonation of the two enolic hydroxy groups and protonation of the non-aromatic tertiary amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:71339 biolink:ChemicalSubstance novobiocin(1-) An organic anion that is the conjugate base of novobiocin. phenio.json CHEBI:71365 biolink:ChemicalSubstance rifampicin zwitterion A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the 5-hydroxy group to the tertiary amino group of rifampicin. phenio.json CHEBI:71392 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetracycline(1-) An organic anion that is the conjugate base of tetracycline obtained by deprotonation of the two enolic hydroxy groups and protonation of the tertiary amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:71406 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-adrenaline(1+) An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of (R)-adrenaline, obtained by protonation of the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:71415 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrofurantoin An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA. phenio.json CHEBI:71543 biolink:ChemicalSubstance rotenoid Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:71629 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nisin A type-A lantibiotic containing 34 amino acid residues (including lanthionine (Lan), methyllanthionine (MeLan), didehydroalanine (Dha) and didehydroaminobutyric acid (Dhb)) and five thioether bridges. It is obtained by fermentation of the bacterium Lactococcus lactis and shows particular activity against Clostridium botulinum. It is used in the production of various processed foods to suppress Gram-positive spoilage and pathogenic bacteria and so extend shelf life. phenio.json CHEBI:71644 biolink:ChemicalSubstance lantibiotic A class of peptide antibiotic characterised by the presence of the rare thioether amino acids lanthionine or methyllanthionine, as well as the unsaturated amino acids dehydroalanine and 2-aminoisobutyric acid. In contrast to classical peptide antibiotics, lantibiotics are synthesised from precursor genes using the ribosomal pathway and the characteristic rare amino acids are introduced by posttranslational modification procedues into the lantibiotic precursor peptides ('prepeptides'). Lantibiotics are subdivided into two types: type A have long, flexible structures, while type B have rigid, globular structures. phenio.json CHEBI:71645 biolink:ChemicalSubstance type A lantibiotic Any lantibiotic which has which has a long, flexible structure. phenio.json CHEBI:71648 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxybenzoquinone Benzoquinones with at least one hydroxy substituent. phenio.json CHEBI:71666 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gamma-amino acid anion An amino-acid anion in which the amino group is situated gamma- to the carboxylate group. phenio.json CHEBI:71671 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aldonate(1-) A carbohydrate acid anion obtained by deprotonation of any aldonic acid. Major structure at pH 7.3 of aldonate compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:71711 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 32:0 A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 32 carbons in total with 0 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71712 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 32:1 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 32 carbons in total with 1 double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:71718 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 34:0 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 34 carbons in total with 0 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71720 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 34:1 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 34 carbons in total with 1 double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:71727 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 36:1 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 36 carbons in total with 1 double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:71728 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 36:2 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 36 carbons in total with 2 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71729 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 36:3 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 36 carbons in total with 3 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71730 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 36:4 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 36 carbons in total with 4 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71735 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 38:2 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 38 carbons in total with 2 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71736 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 38:3 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 38 carbons in total with 3 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71737 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 38:4 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 38 carbons in total with 4 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71738 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 38:5 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 38 carbons in total with 5 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71739 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 38:6 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 38 carbons in total with 6 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71743 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 40:3 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 40 carbons in total with 3 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71745 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 40:5 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 40 carbons in total with 5 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71746 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 40:6 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 40 carbons in total with 6 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:71989 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ortho ester Any organooxygen compound that has the general formula RC(OR(1))(OR(2))(OR(3)), where R(1), R(2), R(3) =/= H. phenio.json CHEBI:72316 biolink:ChemicalSubstance virulence factor Any toxin secreted by bacteria, viruses, fungi or protozoa enabling them to achieve colonisation of a niche in the host, inhibit or evade the host's immune response, enter and exit cells, or obtain nutrition from the host. phenio.json CHEBI:72538 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingomyelin 44:1 A sphingomyelin in which the total number of carbons in the sphingoid base and fatty acyl groups is 44 with 1 double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:72539 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingomyelin 44:2 A sphingomyelin in which the total number of carbons in the sphingoid base and fatty acyl groups is 44 with 2 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:72544 biolink:ChemicalSubstance flavonoids Any organic molecular entity whose stucture is based on derivatives of a phenyl-substituted 1-phenylpropane possessing a C15 or C16 skeleton, or such a structure which is condensed with a C6-C3 lignan precursors. The term is a 'superclass' comprising all members of the classes of flavonoid, isoflavonoid, neoflavonoid, chalcones, dihydrochalcones, aurones, pterocarpan, coumestans, rotenoid, flavonolignan, homoflavonoid and flavonoid oligomers. Originally restricted to natural products, the term is also applied to synthetic compounds related to them. phenio.json CHEBI:72564 biolink:ChemicalSubstance temozolomide An imidazotetrazine that is 3,4-dihydroimidazo[5,1-d][1,2,3,5]tetrazine which is substituted at positions 3, 4, and 8 by methyl, oxo, and carboxamide groups, respectively. A prodrug for MTIC (5-(3-methyltriaz-1-en-1-yl)-1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide, formed by spontaneous hydrolysis of temozolomide in the body), it is used as an oral alkylating agent for the treatment of newly diagnosed malignant glioblastoma multiforme (concomitantly with radiotherapy) and malignant melanoma. phenio.json CHEBI:72565 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imidazotetrazine Any organic heterobicyclic compound containing ortho-fused imidazole and tetrazine rings. phenio.json CHEBI:72573 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triazene derivative A nitrogen molecular entity resulting from the formal substitution of one or more of the hydrogens of triazene. phenio.json CHEBI:72579 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetrahydrochromenochromene Any chromenochromene resulting from the formal cis-fusion of two dihydro chromene rings, together with their substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:72581 biolink:ChemicalSubstance rotenones Members of the class of rotenoid which consists of a 6a,12a-dihydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromen-12(6H)-one skeleton and its substituted products. phenio.json CHEBI:72587 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-noradrenaline(1+) An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of (R)-noradrenaline, obtained by protonation of the priamry amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:72588 biolink:ChemicalSubstance semisynthetic derivative Any organic molecular entity derived from a natural product by partial chemical synthesis. phenio.json CHEBI:72600 biolink:ChemicalSubstance spiroketal A cyclic ketal in which the ketal carbon is the only common atom of two rings. phenio.json CHEBI:72651 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 9-HODE A HODE that consists of (10E,12Z)-octadecadienoic acid with the hydroxy substituent located at position 9. phenio.json CHEBI:72695 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic molecule Any molecule that consists of at least one carbon atom as part of the electrically neutral entity. phenio.json CHEBI:72768 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist An agonist that binds to and activates aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs). phenio.json CHEBI:72813 biolink:ChemicalSubstance exopolysaccharide A biomacromolecule composed of carbohydrate residues which is secreted by a microorganism into the surrounding environment. phenio.json CHEBI:72823 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycerophosphoethanolamine zwitterion A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the phosphate to the amino group of any glycerophosphoethanolamine. phenio.json CHEBI:72959 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-hexadecanoylsphingosine A N-acylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as hexadecanoyl (palmitoyl). phenio.json CHEBI:72961 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-octadecanoylsphingosine A N-acylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as octadecanoyl (stearoyl). phenio.json CHEBI:72962 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-icosanoylsphingosine A N-acylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as eicosanoyl. phenio.json CHEBI:72965 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-tetracosanoylsphingosine A N-acylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as tetracosanoyl. phenio.json CHEBI:72966 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-docosanoylsphingosine A N-acylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as docosanoyl. phenio.json CHEBI:72968 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-hexacosanoylsphingosine A N-acylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as hexacosanoyl. phenio.json CHEBI:73080 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hemiaminal Any organic amino compound that has an amino group and a hydroxy group attached to the same carbon atom. Hemiaminals are intermediates in the formation of imines by addition of an amine to an aldehyde or ketone; those derived from primary amines are particularly unstable. phenio.json CHEBI:73155 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trienoic fatty acid Any polyunsaturated fatty acid that contains three double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:73181 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor An EC 1.11.1.* (peroxidases) inhibitor that inhibits the action of L-ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11). phenio.json CHEBI:73182 biolink:ChemicalSubstance plant activator Any compound that protects plants by activating their defence mechanisms. phenio.json CHEBI:73216 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.6.* (hydrolases acting on acid anhydrides) inhibitor Any hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of a hydrolase which acts on acid anhydrides (EC 3.6.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:73263 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor A cyclooxygenase inhibitor that interferes with the action of cyclooxygenase 3. phenio.json CHEBI:73311 biolink:ChemicalSubstance adenosine receptor agonist An agonist at any adenosine receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:73333 biolink:ChemicalSubstance scabicide An acaricide that kills mites of the genus Sarcoptes. phenio.json CHEBI:73336 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vulnerary A drug used in treating and healing of wounds. phenio.json CHEBI:73398 biolink:ChemicalSubstance indole skeleton A mancude heterobicyclic organic group consisting of a benzene ring fused to a pyrrole ring. phenio.json CHEBI:73474 biolink:ChemicalSubstance acetylenic compound Any organic molecule containing a C#C bond. phenio.json CHEBI:73477 biolink:ChemicalSubstance terminal acetylenic compound An acetylenic compound which a carbon of the C#C moiety is attached to a hydrogen atom. phenio.json CHEBI:73537 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,8-naphthyridine derivative Any naphthyridine derivative that is a derivative of 1,8-naphthyridine. phenio.json CHEBI:73539 biolink:ChemicalSubstance naphthyridine derivative Any organonitrogen heterocyclic compound that is a derivative of a naphthyridine. phenio.json CHEBI:73541 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic heterobicyclic ring A bicyclic organic group that contains both carbon and hetero atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:73558 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D3 vitamins A vitamin D that is calciol or its hydroxylated metabolites calcidiol and calcitriol. Calciol (also known as vitamin D3) acts as a hormone precursor, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone. phenio.json CHEBI:73678 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tobramycin(5+) An organic cation obtained by protonation of the five amino groups of tobramycin. phenio.json CHEBI:73690 biolink:ChemicalSubstance erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid An L-alpha-amino acid which is biosynthesised from erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate (i.e. phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan). A closed class. phenio.json CHEBI:73693 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ketone body A carbonyl compound produced as a water-soluble byproduct when fatty acids are broken down for energy in the liver. There are three endogenous ketone bodies: acetone, acetoacetic acid, and (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid; others may be produced as a result of the metabolism of synthetic triglycerides. phenio.json CHEBI:73754 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thiosugar A carbohydrate derivative in which one or more of the oxygens or hydroxy groups of the parent carbohydrate is replaced by sulfur or -SR, where R can be hydrogen or any group. phenio.json CHEBI:73913 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antifolate An antimetabolite that impairs the action of folic acids phenio.json CHEBI:741548 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethylmalonic acid A dicarboxylic acid obtained by substitution of one of the methylene hydrogens of malonic acid by an ethyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:74159 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-cycloserine zwitterion A zwitterion resulting from the transfer of a proton from the ring nitrogen to the primary amino group of D-cycloserine. The major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:74213 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor An EC 1.17.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2) inhibitor that inhibits the action of ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (EC 1.17.4.1). phenio.json CHEBI:74222 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gamma-lactam A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a five-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon. phenio.json CHEBI:74223 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrrolidin-2-ones A pyrrolidinone in which the oxo group is at position 2 of the pyrrolidine ring. phenio.json CHEBI:74337 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-asparagine zwitterion A D-alpha-amino acid zwitterion that is D-asparagine in which a proton has been transferred from the carboxy group to the amino group. It is the major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:74345 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-(5-hydroxy-2-oxo-2,3-dihydroimidazol-4-yl)urea An imidazolidinone that is imidazolin-2-one substituted at positions 4 and 5 by hydroxy and ureido groups respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:74422 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is the 9- epimer of 4'-demethylpodophyllotoxin. phenio.json CHEBI:74457 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-tetracosenoylsphingosine An acylsphingosine in which the acyl moiety contains 24 carbons and 1 double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:7451 biolink:ChemicalSubstance naftifine A tertiary amine in which the nitrogen is substituted by methyl, alpha-naphthylmethyl, and (1E)-cinnamyl groups. It is used (usually as its hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of fungal skin infections. phenio.json CHEBI:74529 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antidote to paracetamol poisoning A role borne by a molecule that acts to counteract or neutralize the deleterious effects of paracetamol (acetaminophen). phenio.json CHEBI:74634 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cardenolides Any steroid lactone that is a C23 steroid with a five-membered lactone ring at C-17 and its substituted derivatives. They form the aglycone constituents of cardiac glycosides. phenio.json CHEBI:74783 biolink:ChemicalSubstance astringent A compound that causes the contraction of body tissues, typically used to reduce bleeding from minor abrasions. phenio.json CHEBI:74818 biolink:ChemicalSubstance heteroaryl hydroxy compound Any organic aromatic compound having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a heteroarene ring. phenio.json CHEBI:7489 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neamine 2-Deoxy-D-streptamine glycosylated at the 4-oxygen with a 6-amino-alpha-D-glucosaminyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:7507 biolink:ChemicalSubstance neomycin A broad-spectrum highly toxic antibiotic or mixture of antibiotics produced by a streptomyces (Streptomyces fradiae) and used medically especially to treat local infections. phenio.json CHEBI:7508 biolink:ChemicalSubstance framycetin A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B. phenio.json CHEBI:7528 biolink:ChemicalSubstance netilmycin phenio.json CHEBI:75282 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor Any compound that inhibits one or more steps in the pathway leading to the synthesis of ergosterol. phenio.json CHEBI:75283 biolink:ChemicalSubstance miltefosine A phospholipid that is the hexadecyl monoester of phosphocholine. phenio.json CHEBI:75325 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cathartic Any substance that accelerates defecation. Compare with laxatives, which are substances that ease defecation (usually by softening faeces). A substance can be both a laxative and a cathartic. phenio.json CHEBI:75381 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.11.1.* (peroxidases) inhibitor An EC 1.11.* (oxidoreductase acting on peroxide as donors) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any of the peroxidases (EC 1.11.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:75431 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ghrelin A 28-membered appetite-stimulating polypeptide consisting of Gly, Ser, Ser(octanoyl), Phe, Leu, Ser, Pro, Glu, His, Gln, Arg, Val, Gln, Gln, Arg, Lys, Glu, Ser, Lys, Lys, Pro, Pro, Ala, Lys, Leu, Gln, Pro and Arg residues joined in sequence. The O-n-octanoylation of the side-chain hydroxy group of serine-3 (Ser3) is essential for ghrelin's activity. phenio.json CHEBI:75592 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-cycloserine A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has S configuration. An antibiotic isolated from Erwinia uredovora. phenio.json CHEBI:75596 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 5.* (isomerase) inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor that inhibits the action of an isomerase (EC 5.*.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:75600 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 6.3.* (C-N bond-forming ligase) inhibitor A ligase inhibitor that interferes with the action of a C-N bond-forming ligase (EC 6.3.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:75603 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 6.* (ligase) inhibitor Any enzyme inhibitor that interferes with the action of a ligase (EC 6.*.*.*). Ligases are enzymes that catalyse the joining of two molecules with concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:75604 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 6.4.* (C-C bond-forming ligase) inhibitor A ligase inhibitor that interferes with the action of a C-C bond-forming ligase (EC 6.4.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:75606 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxamic acid ester A carboxamide that is a hydroxamic acid in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is replaced by an organyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:75616 biolink:ChemicalSubstance gentamicin C(5+) An organic cation obtained by protonation of the five amino groups of any gentamicin C. phenio.json CHEBI:7566 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Nifurtimox phenio.json CHEBI:75763 biolink:ChemicalSubstance eukaryotic metabolite Any metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in eukaryotes, the taxon that include members of the fungi, plantae and animalia kingdoms. phenio.json CHEBI:75767 biolink:ChemicalSubstance animal metabolite Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in animals that include diverse creatures from sponges, insects to mammals. phenio.json CHEBI:75768 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mammalian metabolite Any animal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in mammals. phenio.json CHEBI:75769 biolink:ChemicalSubstance B vitamin Any member of the group of eight water-soluble vitamins originally thought to be a single compound (vitamin B) that play important roles in cell metabolism. The group comprises of vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12 (Around 20 other compounds were once thought to be B vitamins but are no longer classified as such). phenio.json CHEBI:75771 biolink:ChemicalSubstance mouse metabolite Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in a mouse (Mus musculus). phenio.json CHEBI:75772 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite Any fungal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). phenio.json CHEBI:75787 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prokaryotic metabolite Any metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in prokaryotes, the taxon that include members of domains such as the bacteria and archaea. phenio.json CHEBI:75885 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-pyranones A pyranone based on the structure of 2H-pyran-2-one and its substituted derivatives. phenio.json CHEBI:75909 biolink:ChemicalSubstance double-stranded DNA fragment A nucleobase-containing molecular entity that is a fragment of a larger double-stranded DNA molecule (either naturally occurring or synthetic). phenio.json CHEBI:75925 biolink:ChemicalSubstance octadecanoate ester A fatty acid ester obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of stearic acid with the hydroxy group of any alcohol or phenol. phenio.json CHEBI:75929 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-cycloserine(1+) An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of D-cycloserine, obtained by protonation of the amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:75954 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vancomycin aglycone zwitterion A peptide zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of vancomycin aglycone. phenio.json CHEBI:75967 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nicotinate-adenine dinucleotide phosphate(4-) An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate, diphosphate and carboxy groups of nicotinic acid-adenine dinucleotide phosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:76042 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic amino-acid zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of any aromatic amino-acid. phenio.json CHEBI:76072 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nicotinic acid-adenine dinucleotide phosphate A nicotinic acid dinucleotide that is NADP(+) in which the carboxamide group on the pyridine ring is replaced by a carboxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:76206 biolink:ChemicalSubstance xenobiotic metabolite Any metabolite produced by metabolism of a xenobiotic compound. phenio.json CHEBI:76224 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic ketone A ketone in which the carbonyl group is attached to an aromatic ring. phenio.json CHEBI:76283 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sebacate(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of suberic acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:76395 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.3.1.* (acyltransferase transferring other than amino-acyl group) inhibitor that interferes with the function of histone acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.48). phenio.json CHEBI:76413 biolink:ChemicalSubstance greenhouse gas A gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range, so contributing to the 'greenhouse effect'. phenio.json CHEBI:76414 biolink:ChemicalSubstance propellant A compressed gas or liquid with a boiling point lower than room temperature which to used to propel and dispense liquids such as deodorants, insecticides, paints, etc. from aerosol cans. phenio.json CHEBI:76507 biolink:ChemicalSubstance marine metabolite Any metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in marine macro- and microorganisms. phenio.json CHEBI:76530 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sn-glycero-3-monophosphate(2-) An anionic phospholipid having a phosphate group at sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone, and with a combination of one or two acyl groups, alkyl groups, or alkenyl groups attached at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions through ester, ether or vinyl linkages respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:76567 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyunsaturated fatty acid anion Any unsaturated fatty acid anion containing more than one C-C unsaturated bond. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:76578 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diradylglycerol Any lipid that is glycerol bearing two substituent groups - either acyl, alkyl, or alk-1-enyl - at any two of the three possible positions. phenio.json CHEBI:76579 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triradylglycerol A glycerol compound having one of three possible substituent groups - either acyl, alkyl, or alk-1-enyl - at each of the three possible positions sn-1, sn-2 or sn-3. has functional parent glycerol (CHEBI:17754), children: triglyceride (CHEBI:17855). Parent: is_a glycerolipid (CHEBI:35741) phenio.json CHEBI:76595 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nephroprotective agent Any protective agent that is able to prevent damage to the kidney. phenio.json CHEBI:7660 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nystatin A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections. phenio.json CHEBI:76619 biolink:ChemicalSubstance omega-methyl fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any omega-methyl fatty acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:76655 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.1.* (C1-transferase) inhibitor A transferase inhibitor inhibiting the action of transferase of a one-carbon-containing group (EC 2.1.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76661 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.3.* (acyltransferase) inhibitor A transferase inhibitor that interferes with the action of an acyltransferase (EC 2.3.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76662 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.4.* (glycosyltransferase) inhibitor A transferase inhibitor inhibiting the action of a glycosyltransferase (EC 2.4.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76663 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.5.1.* (non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase) inhibitor A transferase inhibitor that inhibits the transfer of an alkyl (other than methyl) or aryl group (EC 2.5.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76668 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor A transferase inhibitor that inhibits the action of a phosphorus-containing group transferase (EC 2.7.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76697 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 5.99.* (other isomerases) inhibitor An isomerase inhibitor that interferes with the action of any member of the group of 'other isomerases' (EC 5.99.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76710 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 4.* (lyase) inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor which interferes with the action of a lyase (EC 4.*.*.*). Lyases are enzymes cleaving C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation. phenio.json CHEBI:76711 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 4.1.* (C-C lyase) inhibitor A lyase inhibitor which inhibits the action of a C-C lyase (EC 4.1.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76712 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 4.2.* (C-O lyase) inhibitor A lyase inhibitor which inhibits the action of a C-O lyase (EC 4.2.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76713 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 4.3.* (C-N lyase) inhibitor A lyase inhibitor which inhibits the action of a C-N lyase (EC 4.3.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76725 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.* (oxidoreductase) inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase (EC 1.*.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76726 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on the CH-OH group of donors (EC 1.1.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76727 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.2.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors (EC 1.2.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76729 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on the CH-CH group of donors (EC 1.3.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76730 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.4.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH2 group) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors (EC 1.4.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76731 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on the CH-NH group of donors (EC 1.5.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76733 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.6.* (oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH (EC 1.6.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76736 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.9.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor heme group) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on a heme group of donors (EC 1.9.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76738 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.11.* (oxidoreductase acting on peroxide as donors) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on peroxide as donors (EC 1.11.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76740 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.13.* [oxidoreductase acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)] inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases), EC 1.13.*.*. phenio.json CHEBI:76741 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on hydrogen as donors (EC 1.14.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76744 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.17.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2) inhibitor An oxidoreductase inhibitor which interferes with the action of an oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 (EC 1.17.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76759 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.* (hydrolase) inhibitor Any enzyme inhibitor that interferes with the action of a hydrolase (EC 3.*.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76760 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitor A hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of any ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76761 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.2.* (glycosylase) inhibitor A hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of any glycosylase (EC 3.2.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76764 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on non-peptide C-N bonds) inhibitor Any hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of a hydrolase acting on C-N bonds, other than peptide bonds (EC 3.5.*.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76773 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of a carboxylic ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76775 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.3.* (phosphoric monoester hydrolase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any phosphoric monoester hydrolase (EC 3.1.3.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76779 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor Any EC 3.4.21.* (serine endopeptidase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of prolyl oligopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.26). phenio.json CHEBI:76789 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.4.1.* (hexosyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.4.* (glycosyltransferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any hexosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76790 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.4.2.* (pentosyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.4.* (glycosyltransferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any pentosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76792 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 5-(hydroxymethyl)cytosine A nucleobase analogue that is cytosine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by a hydroxymethyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:76797 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor An EC 2.5.1.* (non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of a glutathione transferase (EC 2.5.1.18). phenio.json CHEBI:76807 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor An EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on non-peptide C-N bonds) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase (EC 3.5.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76808 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.5.2.* (non-peptide cyclic amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor An EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on non-peptide C-N bonds) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any non-peptide cyclic amide C-N hydrolase (EC 3.5.2.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76812 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.11.* (protein-serine/threonine kinase) inhibitor An EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any protein-serine/threonine kinase (EC 2.7.11.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76815 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.7.* (nucleotidyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any nucleotidyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76816 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.8.* (transferases for other substituted phosphate groups) inhibitor An EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor that interferes with any enzyme in the EC 2.7.8.* (transferases for other substituted phosphate groups) category. phenio.json CHEBI:76823 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 6.3.1.* (acid-ammonia/amine ligase) inhibitor An EC 6.3.* (C-N bond-forming ligase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any acid-ammonia (or amine) ligase (EC 6.3.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76824 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 6.4.1.* (carboxylase) inhibitor An EC 6.4.* (C-C bond-forming ligase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of a carboxylating enzyme (EC 6.4.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76830 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 5.99.1.* (miscellaneous isomerase) inhibitor An EC 5.99.* (other isomerases) inhibitor that interferes with the activity of any enzyme in the EC 5.99.1.* class. phenio.json CHEBI:76832 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 4.3.1.* (ammonia-lyase) inhibitor An EC 4.3.* (C-N lyase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76834 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.5.* (non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase) inhibitor An EC 2.5.* (transferase) inhibitor that inhibits the action of any transferase that transfers an alkyl (other than methyl) or aryl group (EC 2.5.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76835 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group) inhibitor that uses NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.1.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76837 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.13.11.* (oxidoreductase acting on single donors and incorporating 2 O atoms) inhibitor An EC 1.13.* [oxidoreductase acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen (oxygenases)] inhibitor that inhibits the action of any oxidoreductase incorporating 2 atoms of oxygen (EC 1.13.11.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76838 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.14.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor) inhibitor An EC 1.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme incorporating one atom of oxygen and using reduced flavin or flavoprotein as donor (EC 1.14.14.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76840 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.14.99.* (miscellaneous oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor An EC 1.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any enzyme in the EC 1.14.99.* (miscellaneous) category. phenio.json CHEBI:76841 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.14.13.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating 1 atom of oxygen, with NADH or NADPH as one donor) inhibitor An EC 1.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme incorporating one atom of oxygen and using NADH or NADPH as one donor (EC 1.14.13.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76842 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vancomycin(1+) An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of vancomycin, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group and protonation of the two amino functions; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:76848 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.17.4.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2 with a disulfide as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.17.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH or CH2) inhibitor that interferes with the activity of any such enzyme that uses a disulfide as acceptor (EC 1.17.4.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76853 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.2.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group with oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.2.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor aldehyde/oxo group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using oxygen as acceptor (EC 1.2.3.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76857 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.3.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.3.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76861 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.4.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH2 group, oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.4.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH2 group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using oxygen as acceptor (EC 1.4.3.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76863 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.5.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor (EC 1.5.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76866 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.6.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH with a quinone or similar as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.6.* (oxidoreductase acting on NADH or NADPH) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using a quinone or similar as acceptor (EC 1.6.5.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76870 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.9.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor heme group, oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.9.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor heme group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using oxygen as acceptor (EC 1.9.3.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76871 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.1.1.* (methyltransferases) inhibitor An EC 2.1.* (C1-transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76874 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.1.2.* (hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferases) inhibitor An EC 2.1.* (C1-transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferase (EC 2.1.2.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76878 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.3.1.* (acyltransferase transferring other than amino-acyl group) inhibitor An EC 2.3.* (acyltransferase) inhibitor that inhibits the action of any acyltransferase transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups (EC 2.3.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76881 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.1.* (phosphotransferases with an alcohol group as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any phosphotransferase with an alcohol group as acceptor (EC 2.7.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76895 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.6.3.* (acid anhydride hydrolase catalysing transmembrane movement of substances) inhibitor An EC 3.6.* (hydrolases acting on acid anhydrides) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme that catalyses transmembrane movement of substances (EC 3.6.3.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76898 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.14.14.1 (unspecific monooxygenase) inhibitor An EC 1.14.14.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating of 1 atom of oxygen, with reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of an unspecified monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.1). phenio.json CHEBI:76906 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 4.1.1.* (carboxy-lyase) inhibitor An EC 4.1.* (C-C lyase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any carboxy-lyase (EC 4.1.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76907 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 4.2.1.* (hydro-lyases) inhibitor An EC 4.2.* (C-O lyase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any hydro-lyase (EC 4.2.1.*). phenio.json CHEBI:76924 biolink:ChemicalSubstance plant metabolite Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in plants, the kingdom that include flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms. phenio.json CHEBI:76928 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2,3-saturated fatty acid(1-) A fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any 2,3-saturated fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:76929 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2,3-saturated fatty acid Any fatty acid in which the first two carbons of the chain attached to the carboxy group are saturated and unbranched. phenio.json CHEBI:76932 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pathway inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor that interferes with one or more steps in a metabolic pathway. phenio.json CHEBI:76941 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingoid 1-phosphate(1-) A generic class of anionic phospholipids, encompassing phosphorylated derivatives of sphinganine, its homologues and stereoisomers, as well as the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:76946 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fungal metabolite Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in fungi, the kingdom that includes microorganisms such as the yeasts and moulds. phenio.json CHEBI:76956 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Aspergillus metabolite Any fungal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in the mould, Aspergillus. phenio.json CHEBI:76964 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Penicillium metabolite Any fungal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Penicillium. phenio.json CHEBI:76967 biolink:ChemicalSubstance human xenobiotic metabolite Any human metabolite produced by metabolism of a xenobiotic compound in humans. phenio.json CHEBI:76969 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bacterial metabolite Any prokaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in bacteria. phenio.json CHEBI:76971 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Escherichia coli metabolite Any bacterial metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Escherichia coli. phenio.json CHEBI:76976 biolink:ChemicalSubstance bacterial xenobiotic metabolite Any bacterial metabolite produced by metabolism of a xenobiotic compound in bacteria. phenio.json CHEBI:76988 biolink:ChemicalSubstance xenoestrogen A synthetic or semi-synthetic compound that has oestrogenic activity. phenio.json CHEBI:77016 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoate A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:77022 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.3.3.* (acyltransferase converting acyl to alkyl group on transfer) inhibitor An EC 2.3.* (acyltransferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of an acyltransferase which converts the acyl group to an alkyl group on transfer (EC 2.3.3.*). phenio.json CHEBI:77023 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor An EC 2.3.3.* (acyltransferase converting acyl to alkyl group on transfer) inhibitor that interferes with the action of citrate (Si)-synthase, EC 2.3.3.1. phenio.json CHEBI:77024 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.3.* (phosphoric monoester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of 4-nitrophenylphosphatase (EC 3.1.3.41). phenio.json CHEBI:77035 biolink:ChemicalSubstance expectorant Compounds that are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing. Compare with mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration, and antitussives, which suppress the cough reflex. phenio.json CHEBI:77047 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tylosin(1+) An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of tylosin, obtained by protonation of the tertiary amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:77053 biolink:ChemicalSubstance closantel A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-clostanel. An anthelmintic, it is used (as the dihydrate of the sodium salt) in veterinary medicine for the treatment of fluke and nematode infections. phenio.json CHEBI:77054 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-{5-chloro-4-[(4-chlorophenyl)(cyano)methyl]-2-methylphenyl}-2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzamide An aromatic amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3,5-diiodosalicylic acid with the amino group of aniline substituted at positions 2, 4, and 5 by methyl, (4-chlorophenyl)(cyano)methyl, and methyl groups respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:77056 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-closantel An N-{5-chloro-4-[(4-chlorophenyl)(cyano)methyl]-2-methylphenyl}-2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzamide that has R configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:77057 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-closantel An N-{5-chloro-4-[(4-chlorophenyl)(cyano)methyl]-2-methylphenyl}-2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzamide that has S configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:77068 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingoid 1-phosphate A generic class of phosphosphingolipids, encompassing monophosphorylated derivatives of sphinganine, its homologues and stereoisomers, as well as the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds. phenio.json CHEBI:77102 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.3.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH of donor with a quinone or related compound as acceptor) inhibitor An EC 1.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using a quinone or related compound as acceptor (EC 1.3.5.*). phenio.json CHEBI:77119 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase (EC 1.1.1.189). phenio.json CHEBI:77166 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid A 3-oxo-Delta(1) steroid containing an additional double bond between positions 4 and 5. phenio.json CHEBI:77182 biolink:ChemicalSubstance food colouring A food additive that imparts colour to food. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted food colours are from E 100 to E 199, divided into yellows (E 100-109), oranges (E 110-119), reds (E 120-129), blues and violets (E 130-139), greens (E 140-149), browns and blacks (E 150-159), and others (E 160-199). phenio.json CHEBI:77194 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor An EC 2.7.1.* (phosphotransferases with an alcohol group as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of pantothenate kinase (EC 2.7.1.33). phenio.json CHEBI:77255 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor An EC 3.4.24.* (metalloendopeptidase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.83). phenio.json CHEBI:77278 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole An imidazothiazole that is imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole in which the double bonds at the 2-3 and 5-6 positions have been reduced to single bonds and in which one of the hydrogens at position 6 is replaced by a phenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:77282 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dexamisole A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has R configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:77307 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cardioprotective agent Any protective agent that is able to prevent damage to the heart. phenio.json CHEBI:77308 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) A member of the class of dithiocarbamate anions resulting from the deprotonation of both of the dithiocarbamic acid moieties of ethylenebis(dithiocarbamic acid). The major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:7731 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ofloxacin A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication. phenio.json CHEBI:77315 biolink:ChemicalSubstance spectinomycin(2+) An organic cation obtained by protonation of the secondary amino groups of spectinomycin. phenio.json CHEBI:77318 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pregnane X receptor agonist An agonist that selectively binds to and activates a pregnane X receptor. phenio.json CHEBI:7735 biolink:ChemicalSubstance olanzapine A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4. phenio.json CHEBI:77425 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor An EC 1.1.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-OH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of prostaglandin-F synthase (EC 1.1.1.188). phenio.json CHEBI:77450 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboxylic acid monoamide(1-) A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any dicarboxylic acid monoamide; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:77569 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trovafloxacin(1+) An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of trovafloxacin, obtained by protonation of the primary amino group. phenio.json CHEBI:77615 biolink:ChemicalSubstance terbinafine(1+) An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of terbinafine, obtained by protonation of the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:77635 biolink:ChemicalSubstance calcium phosphate A calcium salt composed of calcium and phosphate/diphosphate ions; present in milk and used for the mineralisation of calcified tissues. phenio.json CHEBI:77703 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor An EC 4.3.1.* (ammonia-lyase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of histidine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.3). phenio.json CHEBI:77718 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carboxamidinium ion Any iminium ion resulting from the protonation of a carboxamidine. phenio.json CHEBI:77733 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:77734 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dexverapamil A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has R configuration. It competitively inhibits the multidrug resistance efflux pump P-glycoprotein (MDR-1, EC 3.6.3.44), thereby potentially increasing the effectiveness of a wide range of antineoplastic drugs which are inactivated by MDR-1 mechanisms. Dexverapamil exhibits lower calcium antagonistic activity and toxicity than racemic verapamil. phenio.json CHEBI:77736 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-verapamil A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has S configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:77737 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dexverapamil(1+) An ammonium ion resulting from the protonation of the tertiary amino group of dexverapamil. phenio.json CHEBI:77738 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-verapamil(1+) An ammonium ion resulting from the protonation of the tertiary amino group of (S)-verapamil. phenio.json CHEBI:77745 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.4.24.18 (meprin A) inhibitor An EC 3.4.24.* (metalloendopeptidase) inhibitor that inhibits the action of meprin A (EC 3.4.24.18). phenio.json CHEBI:77746 biolink:ChemicalSubstance human metabolite Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens). phenio.json CHEBI:77747 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.6.3.1 (phospholipid-translocating ATPase) inhibitor An EC 3.6.3.* (acid anhydride hydrolase catalysing transmembrane movement of substances) inhibitor that interferes with the action of phospholipid-translocating ATPase (EC 3.6.3.1). phenio.json CHEBI:77748 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor An EC 3.6.3.* (acid anhydride hydrolase catalysing transmembrane movement of substances) inhibitor that interferes with the action of xenobiotic-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.44). phenio.json CHEBI:77853 biolink:ChemicalSubstance persistent organic pollutant Any environmental contaminant that is resistant to environmental degradation through photolytic, biological or chemical processes. Such substances can have significant impact on health and the environment, as they persist in the environment, bioaccumulate in animal tissue and so biomagnify in food chains. phenio.json CHEBI:77884 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor An EC 1.14.13.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating 1 atom of oxygen, with NADH or NADPH as one donor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase). phenio.json CHEBI:77906 biolink:ChemicalSubstance minocycline zwitterion A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the 2-hydroxy group to the 1-amino group of minocycline. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.). phenio.json CHEBI:77932 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tetracycline zwitterion A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the 2-hydroxy group to the 1-amino group of tetracycline. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.). phenio.json CHEBI:77938 biolink:ChemicalSubstance barbiturate(1-) An organic anion obtained by removal of one of the methylene protons from barbituric acid. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.). phenio.json CHEBI:77941 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor An EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of amidase (EC 3.5.1.4). phenio.json CHEBI:77956 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-erythro-sphingosine(1+) A cationic sphingoid resulting from the protonation of the amino group of L-erythro-sphingosine; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:77960 biolink:ChemicalSubstance food firming agent A food additive that is used to make or keep fruit or vegetable tissues firm and crisp. or which interacts with gelling agents such as pectin to produce or strengthen a gel. phenio.json CHEBI:77962 biolink:ChemicalSubstance food antioxidant An antioxidant that used as a food additives to help guard against food deterioration. phenio.json CHEBI:77968 biolink:ChemicalSubstance humectant A compound that is used to keep a substance moist. phenio.json CHEBI:77969 biolink:ChemicalSubstance food humectant A humectant that is used as a food additive to prevent foodstuffs from drying out. phenio.json CHEBI:77974 biolink:ChemicalSubstance food packaging gas A food additive that is a (generally inert) gas which is used to envelop foodstuffs during packing and so protect them from unwanted chemical reactions such as food spoilage or oxidation during subsequent transport and storage. The term includes propellant gases, used to expel foods from a container. phenio.json CHEBI:77981 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vancomycin aglycone(1-) A peptide anion that is the conjugate base of vancomycin aglycone and the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.). phenio.json CHEBI:78017 biolink:ChemicalSubstance food propellant A propellant that is used to expel foods from an aerosol container. phenio.json CHEBI:78055 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexacosenoate An unsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of hexacosenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78060 biolink:ChemicalSubstance docosahexaenoate A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of docosahexaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:7809 biolink:ChemicalSubstance oxacillin A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta. phenio.json CHEBI:78113 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid anion 3:0 Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 3 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78115 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid anion 4:0 Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 4 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78116 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid anion 6:0 Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 6 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78121 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid anion 14:0 Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 14 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78123 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid anion 16:0 Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 16 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78125 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid anion 18:0 Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 18 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78126 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid anion 20:0 Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 20 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78127 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid anion 22:0 Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 22 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78128 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid anion 24:0 Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 24 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78129 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fatty acid anion 26:0 Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 26 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78185 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycero-3-monophosphate(2-) An anionic phospholipid having a phosphate group at sn-1 or sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone, and with a combination of one or two acyl groups, alkyl groups, or alkenyl groups attached at the sn-1, sn-2, or sn-3 positions through ester, ether or vinyl linkages respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:78231 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2-diacylglycero-3-phospho-1-inositol(1-) An anionic phospholipid that is the conjugate base of a 1,2-diacylglycero-3-phospho-1-inositol; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78295 biolink:ChemicalSubstance food component Any substance that is distributed in foodstuffs. It includes materials derived from plants or animals, such as vitamins or minerals, as well as environmental contaminants. phenio.json CHEBI:78298 biolink:ChemicalSubstance environmental contaminant Any minor or unwanted substance introduced into the environment that can have undesired effects. phenio.json CHEBI:78320 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-hydroxypropanoic acid A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:78379 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor An EC 2.5.1.* (non-methyl-alkyl or aryl transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase (EC 2.5.1.7). phenio.json CHEBI:78433 biolink:ChemicalSubstance refrigerant A substance used in a thermodynamic heat pump cycle or refrigeration cycle that undergoes a phase change from a gas to a liquid and back. Refrigerants are used in air-conditioning systems and freezers or refrigerators and are assigned a "R" number (by ASHRAE - formerly the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers), which is determined systematically according to their molecular structure. phenio.json CHEBI:78444 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor Any EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that inhibits the action of carboxylesterase (EC 3.1.1.1 ). phenio.json CHEBI:78574 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidinecarboxylic acid Any pyrimidine that bears one or more carboxylic acid substituents. phenio.json CHEBI:78608 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-amino acid zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of any alpha-amino acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:78616 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives Any organooxygen compound that is a polyhydroxy-aldehyde or -ketone, or a compound derived from one. Carbohydrates contain only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and usually have an empirical formula Cm(H2O)n; carbohydrate derivatives may contain other elements by substitution or condensation. phenio.json CHEBI:78631 biolink:ChemicalSubstance chroman-6-ol A chromanol that is chromane in which the hydrogen at position 6 is replaced by a hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:78675 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fundamental metabolite Any metabolite produced by all living cells. phenio.json CHEBI:78692 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1. phenio.json CHEBI:78693 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-bifonazole A 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole that is the R-enantiomer of bifonazole. phenio.json CHEBI:78694 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-bifonazole A 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole that is the S-enantiomer of bifonazole. phenio.json CHEBI:78696 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cercosporamide A member of the class of dibenzofurans that is a potent broad spectrum antifungal agent isolated from the fungus Cercosporidium henningsii. phenio.json CHEBI:78787 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dithiocarbamic acids Any organic acid in which both oxygens of a carbamic acid have been replaced by sulfur. phenio.json CHEBI:78803 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nematode metabolite An animal metabolite produced by any member of the phylum Nematoda. phenio.json CHEBI:78804 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Caenorhabditis elegans metabolite A nematode metabolite produced by Caenorhabditis elegans. phenio.json CHEBI:78840 biolink:ChemicalSubstance olefinic compound Any organic molecular entity that contains at least one C=C bond. phenio.json CHEBI:78865 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexacosenoic acid A monounsaturated fatty acid whose structure contains one double bond at any position of a 26-carbon straight chain. phenio.json CHEBI:78954 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid A hydroxy fatty acid that is a straight-chain fatty acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon adjacent to the terminal methyl group (i.e. at the (omega-1) position) is replaced by a hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:7896 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexadecanoate A long-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid); major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:79008 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-nicotinium(1+) The conjugate acid of (R)-nicotine arising from selective protonation of the tertiary amino group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:79020 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid A monocarboxylic acid in which the carbon of the carboxy group is directly attached to a C=C or C#C bond. phenio.json CHEBI:79026 biolink:ChemicalSubstance molybdenum cofactor(3-) An organic anionic group derived from molybdenum cofactor(3-). It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.). phenio.json CHEBI:79091 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor An EC 2.7.11.* (protein-serine/threonine kinase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of mitogen-activated protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.24). phenio.json CHEBI:79092 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.11.2.* (oxidoreductase with H2O2 as acceptor, incorporating 1 O atom into product) inhibitor An EC 1.11.* (oxidoreductase acting on peroxide as donors) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any such enzyme using H2O2 as acceptor and incorporating one oxygen atom of the H2O2 into the product (EC 1.11.2.*). phenio.json CHEBI:79093 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.11.2.2 (myeloperoxidase) inhibitor An EC 1.11.2.* (oxidoreductase with H2O2 as acceptor, incorporating 1 O atom into product) inhibitor that interferes with the action of myeloperoxidase (EC 1.11.2.2). phenio.json CHEBI:79209 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide A sialodiaosylceramide consisting of the trisaccharide alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base. phenio.json CHEBI:79210 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide(1-) An anionic ganglioside that is the conjugate base of alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide arising from deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:79314 biolink:ChemicalSubstance flame retardant Any compound that is added to manufactured materials to inhibit, suppress, or delay the production of flames and so prevent the spread of fire. phenio.json CHEBI:7934 biolink:ChemicalSubstance paromomycin An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis. phenio.json CHEBI:79346 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anionic ganglioside Any carbohydrate acid derivative anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the neuraminosyl carboxy groups of a ganglioside. phenio.json CHEBI:79387 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trivalent inorganic anion Any inorganic anion with a valency of three. phenio.json CHEBI:79388 biolink:ChemicalSubstance divalent inorganic anion Any inorganic anion with a valency of two. phenio.json CHEBI:79389 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monovalent inorganic anion Any inorganic anion with a valency of one. phenio.json CHEBI:8028 biolink:ChemicalSubstance perphenazine A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10. phenio.json CHEBI:8058 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phencyclidine A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects. phenio.json CHEBI:8081 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phentolamine A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension. phenio.json CHEBI:8116 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phorbol A diterpenoid with the structure of tigliane hydroxylated at C-4, -9, -12(beta), -13 and -20, with an oxo group at C-3 and unsaturation at the 1- and 6-positions. phenio.json CHEBI:81481 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 11beta-hydroxytestosterone An androstanoid that is testosterone carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at the 11beta-position. phenio.json CHEBI:81567 biolink:ChemicalSubstance thyroid stimulating hormone phenio.json CHEBI:81568 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Luteinizing hormone phenio.json CHEBI:81569 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Follicle stimulating hormone phenio.json CHEBI:81571 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Leptin phenio.json CHEBI:81572 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Adiponectin phenio.json CHEBI:81580 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Prolactin phenio.json CHEBI:81667 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-hydroxy-5-methylquinone A member of the class of monohydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone carrying an additional methyl substituent at position 5. phenio.json CHEBI:81758 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cyproconazole A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of the enantiomeric pair (2R,3S)- and (2S,3R)-cyproconazole in ratio 1:1 with the enantiomeric pair (2R,3R)- and (2S,3S)-cyproconazole. A broad spectrum fungicide, it is used on cereals and other field crops used to control Septoria, rust, powdery mildew and other diseases. phenio.json CHEBI:81760 biolink:ChemicalSubstance difenoconazole A member of the class of dioxolanes that is 1,3-dioxolane substituted at position 2 by 2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl and 1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl groups. A broad spectrum fungicide with novel broad-range activity used as a spray or seed treatment. It is moderately toxic to humans, mammals, birds and most aquatic organisms. phenio.json CHEBI:81763 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fludioxonil A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole substituted at position 4 by a 3-cyanopyrrol-4-yl group. A fungicide seed treatment for control of a range of diseases including Fusarium, Rhizoctonia and Alternaria. phenio.json CHEBI:81781 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tebuconazole A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tebuconazole. A fungicide effective against various smut and bunt diseases in cereals and other field crops. phenio.json CHEBI:81783 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tricyclazole A triazolobenzothiazole that is [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3]benzothiazole which is substituted at position 5 by a methyl group. A fungicide used for the control of rice blast, it is not approved for use within the European Union. phenio.json CHEBI:81822 biolink:ChemicalSubstance boscalid A pyridinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-chloronicotinic acid with the amino group of 4'-chlorobiphenyl-2-amine. A fungicide active against a broad range of fungal pathogens including Botrytis spp., Alternaria spp. and Sclerotinia spp. for use on a wide range of crops including fruit, vegetables and ornamentals. phenio.json CHEBI:81853 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fenhexamid An aromatic amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid with the amino group of 4-amino-2,3-dichlorophenol. phenio.json CHEBI:81913 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diniconazole A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-diniconazole. A fungicide used to control a range of diseases including mildew, bunts and smuts. phenio.json CHEBI:81917 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fenpropidin A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fenpropidin. A systemic fungicide, it is used for the control of foliar diseases in cereals and sugar beet. phenio.json CHEBI:81923 biolink:ChemicalSubstance flutriafol A racemate comprising an equimolar mixture of (R)- and (S)-flutriafol. A systemic fungicide, it is used to control fungal diseases in cereal crops. phenio.json CHEBI:82297 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbon black An elemental carbon in the form of virtually pure colloidal particles that are produced by incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons under controlled conditions. A black, finely divided pellet or powder, its properties of specific surface area, particle size and structure, conductivity and colour can be varied by varying the exact conditions for its production. It is used in tyres, rubber and plastic products, printing inks and coatings. phenio.json CHEBI:8232 biolink:ChemicalSubstance piperacillin A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group. phenio.json CHEBI:82623 biolink:ChemicalSubstance zinc-65 atom A zinc atom in which the nucleus contains 35 neutrons. It has a half-life of 244 days, decaying by emission of a positron (beta(+) decay), and is the most abundant and stable of the 25 known radioisotopes of zinc. phenio.json CHEBI:82663 biolink:ChemicalSubstance elemental iron An elemental molecular entity in which all of the atoms have atomic number 26. phenio.json CHEBI:82680 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monounsaturated fatty acid anion Any unsaturated fatty acid anion with one double or triple bond in the fatty acid chain. phenio.json CHEBI:8269 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Pleuromutilin phenio.json CHEBI:8273 biolink:ChemicalSubstance plumbagin A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are substituted by methyl and hydroxy groups, respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:82744 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aliphatic aldoxime Any aldoxime derived from an aliphatic aldehyde. phenio.json CHEBI:82803 biolink:ChemicalSubstance opine A large family of low molecular weight compounds most commonly found in plant crown gall tumours or hairy root tumours produced by parasitic bacteria of the genus Agrobacterium. They are also found in marine invertebrates, fungi, higher plants and mammals. phenio.json CHEBI:82830 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingosine-based sphingolipid A family of sphingolipids that share a common structural feature, a sphingosine base backbone. phenio.json CHEBI:82847 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-hexacosenoylsphingosine An N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl moiety contains 26 carbons and 1 double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:82891 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glucocorticoid receptor antagonist An antagonist that binds to and deactivates glucocorticoid receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:82892 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:82894 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-miconazole A 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole that has R configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:82897 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-miconazole A 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole that has S) configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:82924 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2-di[(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphate(2-) A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate(2-) obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of 1,2-di[(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)]-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:82928 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-palmitoyl-2-[(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphate(2-) A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate(2-) in which the 1- and 2-acyl substituent are specified as palmitoyl and (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl respectively; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:83038 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Daphnia galeata metabolite A Daphnia metabolite produced by the species Daphnia galeata. phenio.json CHEBI:83039 biolink:ChemicalSubstance crustacean metabolite An animal metabolite produced by arthropods such as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimps and krill. phenio.json CHEBI:83056 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Daphnia magna metabolite A Daphnia metabolite produced by the species Daphnia magna. phenio.json CHEBI:83057 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Daphnia metabolite A crustacean metabolite produced by the genus of small planktonic arthropods, Daphnia phenio.json CHEBI:83060 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dithiocarbamate salt Any salt derived from a member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids by the formal replacement of the hydrogen of the dithiocarboxy group by a metal. phenio.json CHEBI:83072 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor An EC 1.3.5.* (oxidoreductase acting on CH-CH of donor with a quinone or related compound as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of succinate dehydrogenase (quinone), EC 1.3.5.1. phenio.json CHEBI:8309 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polymyxin B1 A polymyxin having a (6R)-6-methyloctanoyl group at the amino terminus. phenio.json CHEBI:83146 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Daphnia tenebrosa metabolite A Daphnia metabolite produced by the species Daphnia tenebrosa. phenio.json CHEBI:83191 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate(5-) An anionic phospholipid obtained by deprotonation of the phospho groups of any phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:83193 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate(7-) An anionic phospholipid obtained by deprotonation of the phospho groups of any phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:83223 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-erythro-N-acylsphingosine A sphingolipid comprising an unspecified fatty acyl group attached to the nitrogen of L-erythro-sphingosine. phenio.json CHEBI:83229 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino acid opine Any opine whose structure is based on the condensation of an amino acid with a carbohydrate or a keto-acid. phenio.json CHEBI:83243 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-triphosphate)(7-) A 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate(7-) in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as stearoyl and arachidonoyl respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:83273 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylsphingoid A ceramide consisting of an undefined sphingoid base linked to an undefined fatty acid via an amide bond. phenio.json CHEBI:83291 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methylpropyl]piperidine A member of the class of piperidines that is N-isobutylpiperidine in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a p-tert-butylphenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:83293 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-fenpropidin A 1-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methylpropyl]piperidine that has R configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:83294 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-fenpropidin A 1-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-methylpropyl]piperidine that has S configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:83297 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 4-dodecyl-2,6-dimethylmorpholine A member of the class of morpholines that is 2,6-dimethylmorpholine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a dodecyl group. The configuration at positions 2 and 6 is unknown or unspecified. phenio.json CHEBI:83316 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.14.13.72 (methylsterol monooxygenase) inhibitor An EC 1.14.13.* (oxidoreductase acting on paired donors, incorporating 1 atom of oxygen, with NADH or NADPH as one donor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of methylsterol monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.72). phenio.json CHEBI:83317 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sterol biosynthesis inhibitor Any compound that inhibits the biosynthesis of any sterol. phenio.json CHEBI:83319 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 1.3.1.70 (Delta(14)-sterol reductase) inhibitor An EC 1.3.1.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-CH group, NAD(+) or NADP(+) as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of Delta(14)-sterol reductase (EC 1.3.1.70). phenio.json CHEBI:83347 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organosulfonic ester An ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol with an organosulfonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:83361 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-hexacosanoylsphingosine-1-phosphocholine A sphingomyelin d18:1 in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as hexacosanoyl. phenio.json CHEBI:83362 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-hexacosenoylsphingosine-1-phosphocholine A sphingomyelin in which the total number of carbons in the fatty acyl group is 26 with 1 double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:83365 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2,6-dimethyl-4-tridecylmorpholine A member of the class of morpholines that is 2,6-dimethylmorpholine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a tridecyl group. The configuration at positions 2 and 6 is unknown or unspecified. phenio.json CHEBI:83368 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2,6-dimethyl-4-undecylmorpholine A member of the class of morpholines that is 2,6-dimethylmorpholine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an undecyl group. The configuration at positions 2 and 6 is unknown or unspecified. phenio.json CHEBI:8337 biolink:ChemicalSubstance porphyrin phenio.json CHEBI:83370 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2,6-dimethyl-4-tetradecylmorpholine A member of the class of morpholines that is 2,6-dimethylmorpholine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a tetradecyl group. The configuration at positions 2 and 6 is unknown or unspecified. phenio.json CHEBI:83399 biolink:ChemicalSubstance marine xenobiotic metabolite Any metabolite produced by metabolism of a xenobiotic compound in marine macro- and microorganisms. phenio.json CHEBI:83403 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monochlorobenzenes Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring in which only one substituent is chlorine. phenio.json CHEBI:83414 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alkyl sulfate(1-) An organosulfate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the sulfo group of any alkyl sulfate; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:83563 biolink:ChemicalSubstance long-chain alkane Any alkane having a chain length of at least 13 carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:83565 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (trifluoromethyl)benzenes An organofluorine compound that is (trifluoromethyl)benzene and derivatives arising from substitution of one or more of the phenyl hydrogens. phenio.json CHEBI:83575 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monofluorobenzenes Any member of the class of fluorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring carrying a single fluorine substitutent. phenio.json CHEBI:83628 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acylammonia A carboxamide obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of any carboxylic acid with ammonia. phenio.json CHEBI:83686 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2-chlorophenyl)(4-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-5-ylmethanol A member of the class of pyrimidines that is pyrimidin-5-ylmethanol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-chlorophenyl group while the other is replaced by a 4-chlorophenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:83688 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-fenarimol A (2-chlorophenyl)(4-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-5-ylmethanol that has R configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:83689 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-fenarimol A (2-chlorophenyl)(4-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-5-ylmethanol that has S configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:83707 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)ethanol A tertiary alcohol that is ethanol in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by an p-fluorophenyl group, the other hydrogen at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, and one of the hydrogens at position 2 is replaced by a 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group. phenio.json CHEBI:83708 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-flutriafol A 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)ethanol that has R configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:83709 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-flutriafol A 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)ethanol that has R configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:83732 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione A member of the class of oxazolidinones that is 5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione in which the imide hydrogen is replaced by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:83733 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-vinclozolin A 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione that is the (R)-enantiomer of vinclozolin. phenio.json CHEBI:83734 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sterol demethylation inhibitor A sterol biosynthesis inhibitor that acts by inhibiting the C14 demethylation step within fungal steroid biosynthesis. phenio.json CHEBI:83735 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-vinclozolin A 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione that is the (S)-enantiomer of vinclozolin. phenio.json CHEBI:83748 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-cyclopropyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol A tertiary alcohol that is butan-2-ol substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group at position 2, a cyclopropyl group at position 3 and a 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group at position 1. phenio.json CHEBI:83749 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2R,3S)-cyproconazole The (2R,3S)-stereoisomer of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-cyclopropyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol. phenio.json CHEBI:83750 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2S,3S)-cyproconazole The (2S,3S)-stereoisomer of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-cyclopropyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol. phenio.json CHEBI:83752 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2S,3R)-cyproconazole The (2S,3R)-stereoisomer of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-cyclopropyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol. phenio.json CHEBI:83753 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2R,3R)-cyproconazole The (2R,3R)-stereoisomer of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-cyclopropyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol. phenio.json CHEBI:83758 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole An epoxide that is oxirane substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl and a 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl groups. phenio.json CHEBI:83759 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2S,3R)-epoxiconazole The (2S,3R)-stereoisomer of 1-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole. phenio.json CHEBI:83761 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (2R,3S)-epoxiconazole The (2R,3S)-stereoisomer of 1-{[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)oxiran-2-yl]methyl}-1H-1,2,4-triazole. phenio.json CHEBI:83778 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1,2-di[(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphate A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate in which both phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl. phenio.json CHEBI:83779 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol A tertiary alcohol that is pentan-3-ol substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl, methyl, methyl, and a 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl at positions 1, 4, 4 and 3 respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:83780 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-tebuconazole The (S)-enantiomer of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol. phenio.json CHEBI:83781 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-tebuconazole The (R)-enantiomer of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol. phenio.json CHEBI:83785 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-palmitoyl-2-[(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphate A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate in which the 1- and 2-acyl substituent are specified as palmitoyl and (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl respectively. phenio.json CHEBI:83811 biolink:ChemicalSubstance proteinogenic amino acid derivative Any derivative of a proteinogenic amino acid resulting from reaction at an amino group, carboxy group, or a side-chain functional group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:83812 biolink:ChemicalSubstance non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative Any derivative of a non-proteinogenic amino acid resulting from reaction at an amino group or carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:83813 biolink:ChemicalSubstance proteinogenic amino acid Any of the 23 alpha-amino acids that are precursors to proteins, and are incorporated into proteins during translation. The group includes the 20 amino acids encoded by the nuclear genes of eukaryotes together with selenocysteine, pyrrolysine, and N-formylmethionine. Apart from glycine, which is non-chiral, all have L configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:83820 biolink:ChemicalSubstance non-proteinogenic amino acid Any amino-acid that is not naturally encoded in the genetic code of any organism. phenio.json CHEBI:83821 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amino acid derivative Any derivative of an amino acid resulting from reaction at an amino group, carboxy group, side-chain functional group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing amino acid residues. phenio.json CHEBI:83822 biolink:ChemicalSubstance non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid Any L-alpha-amino acid which is not a member of the group of 23 proteinogenic amino acids. phenio.json CHEBI:83824 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-cysteine derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from the formal reaction of L-cysteine at the amino group, carboxy group, or thiol group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-cysteine by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:8386 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pregnane phenio.json CHEBI:83876 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cationic sphingoid An organic cation obtained by protonation of the amino function of any sphingoid phenio.json CHEBI:83906 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-diniconazole A (1E)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol that is the (S)-enantiomer of diniconazole. phenio.json CHEBI:83909 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (1E)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol A member of the class of triazoles that is 4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol substituted at position 1 by a 2,4-dichlorophenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:83911 biolink:ChemicalSubstance diniconazole-M A (1E)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol that is the active R-enantiomer of diniconazole. A fungicide used to control a range of diseases including mildew, bunts and smuts. phenio.json CHEBI:83925 biolink:ChemicalSubstance non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid Any alpha-amino acid which is not a member of the group of 23 proteinogenic amino acids. phenio.json CHEBI:83955 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-saturated fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any 2-saturated fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:83970 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cardiac glycoside Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles. phenio.json CHEBI:83972 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-methyl fatty acid anion A methyl-branched fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any 3-methyl fatty acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:83976 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-methyl fatty acid anion A methyl-branched fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any 2-methyl fatty acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:83978 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-aspartic acid derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-aspartic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-aspartic acid by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:83982 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-glutamic acid derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-glutamic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-glutamic acid by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:83986 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ethylenebis(dithiocarbamic acid) A dithiocarbamic acid resulting from the formal addition of a molecule of carbon disulfide to each amino group of ethylenediamine. phenio.json CHEBI:84002 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one A member of the class of triazoles that is 1-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorophenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:84003 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-triadimefon A 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one that is the (R)-enantiomer of triadimefon. phenio.json CHEBI:84004 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-triadimefon A 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one that is the (S)-enantiomer of triadimefon. phenio.json CHEBI:84055 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pentose phosphate Any phospho sugar that is the phosphate derivative of pentose. phenio.json CHEBI:84087 biolink:ChemicalSubstance human urinary metabolite Any metabolite (endogenous or exogenous) found in human urine samples. phenio.json CHEBI:84118 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ganglioside GM3 A sialodiaosylceramide that is an alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl group on nitrogen is (15Z)-tetracos-15-enoyl. phenio.json CHEBI:84124 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-tyrosine derivative A non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of D-tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of D-tyrosine by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:84125 biolink:ChemicalSubstance globoside Gb4 A glycotetraosylceramide in which a linear beta-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal-(1->-4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc tetrasaccharide unit is linked glycosidically to a (3R,4E)-3-hydroxy-2-(pentacosanoylamino)octadec-4-en-1-yl ceramide group. phenio.json CHEBI:84143 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-phenylalanine derivative A non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of D-phenylalanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of D-phenylalanine by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:84144 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-phenylalanine derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-phenylalanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-phenylalanine by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:84185 biolink:ChemicalSubstance D-proline derivative A non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of D-proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of D-proline by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:84186 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-proline derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-proline by a heteroatom. phenio.json CHEBI:84196 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-hydroxy fatty acid anion A hydroxy fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any 3-hydroxy fatty acid. phenio.json CHEBI:84264 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor An EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of nicotinamidase (EC 3.5.1.19). phenio.json CHEBI:84276 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group. phenio.json CHEBI:84291 biolink:ChemicalSubstance organic sulfur anion An organic anion in which the charge resides on a sulfur atom. phenio.json CHEBI:84292 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dithiocarbamate anions Any organic sulfur anion resulting from the removal of a proton from any N-substituted dithiocarbamic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:8434 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prochloraz A member of the class of ureas that is 1H-imidazole-1-carboxamide substituted by a propyl and a 2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl group at the amino nitrogen atom. A fungicide active against a wide range of diseases affecting field crops, fruit, turf and vegetables. phenio.json CHEBI:84376 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pentacosanoate A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of pentacosanoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:84387 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (1s,4s)-prephenic acid A prephenic acid having (1s,4s)-cis-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:84410 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingoid base(1+) A cationic sphingoid obtained by protonation of the amino group of any 2-amino-1,3-dihydroxysphingoid base. phenio.json CHEBI:84411 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 3-dehydrosphingoid base(1+) A cationic sphingoid obtained by protonation of the amino group of any 3-dehydrosphingoid base. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:84497 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid anion A hydroxy fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:84690 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer(d18:1/18:0) A glycotriaosylceramide having alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl as the glycotriaosyl component attached to the Cer(d18:1/18:0). phenio.json CHEBI:84729 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hydroxyindoles Any member of the class of indoles carrying at least one hydroxy group. phenio.json CHEBI:84735 biolink:ChemicalSubstance algal metabolite Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in algae including unicellular organisms like chlorella and diatoms to multicellular organisms like giant kelps and brown algae. phenio.json CHEBI:84739 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amikacin(4+) An organic cation obtained by protonation of the four free amino groups of amikacin; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:8489 biolink:ChemicalSubstance propiconazole The cyclic ketal obtained by formal condensation of 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)ethanone with pentane-1,2-diol. A triazole fungicide, it is used commercially as a diastereoisomeric mixture on soft fruit (including apricots, peaches, nectarines, plums and prunes), nuts (including peanuts, pecans and almonds), mushrooms, and grasses grown for seeds. phenio.json CHEBI:84981 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-aminoadipate(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion that is the conjugate base of 2-aminoadipic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:8504 biolink:ChemicalSubstance prostanoic acid A carbocyclic fatty acid composed of heptanoic acid having a (1S,2S)-2-octylcyclopentyl substituent at position 7. phenio.json CHEBI:85043 biolink:ChemicalSubstance H3K4Me3 phenio.json CHEBI:85046 biolink:ChemicalSubstance skin lightening agent Any cosmetic used to lighten the colour of skin by reducing the concentration of melanin. phenio.json CHEBI:85139 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-amino acid ester An amino acid ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of a beta-amino acid with the hydroxy group of an alcohol or phenol. phenio.json CHEBI:85171 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sphingoid-1-phosphocholine(1+) A quaternary ammonium ion that is a deacylated sphingomyelin with undefined sphingoid base. phenio.json CHEBI:85234 biolink:ChemicalSubstance human blood serum metabolite Any metabolite (endogenous or exogenous) found in human blood serum samples. phenio.json CHEBI:85251 biolink:ChemicalSubstance teicoplanin A2-2 A teicoplanin A2 that has 8-methylnonanoyl as the variable N-acyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:85278 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5. phenio.json CHEBI:85281 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-(polyunsaturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine An N-acylethanolamine resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of any polyunsaturated fatty acid with the amino group of ethanolamine. phenio.json CHEBI:85425 biolink:ChemicalSubstance glycine transporter inhibitor Any substance that inhibits the action of glycine transporters. phenio.json CHEBI:85638 biolink:ChemicalSubstance haloacetate(1-) A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of a haloacetic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:85777 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Cer(d42:1) A ceramide in which the acyl group and the sphingoid base contain a total of 42 carbon atoms and 1 double bond. phenio.json CHEBI:85812 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Cer(d42:2) A ceramide in which the acyl group and the sphingoid base contain a total of 42 carbon atoms and 2 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:86264 biolink:ChemicalSubstance rat metabolite Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in rat (Rattus norvegicus). phenio.json CHEBI:86315 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methyl sulfide Any aliphatic sulfide in which at least one of the organyl groups attached to the sulfur is a methyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:86323 biolink:ChemicalSubstance conazole antifungal agent A compound that has a structure that is related to miconazole, contains an azole (imidazole or triazole) moiety, and has significant systemic antifungal properties. They inhibit cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes (particularly C14-demethylase) involved in the biosynthesis of ergosterol, which is required for fungal cell membrane structure and function. phenio.json CHEBI:86324 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quinolone antibiotic An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic whose structure contains a quinolone or quinolone-related skeleton. phenio.json CHEBI:86327 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antifungal drug Any antifungal agent used to prevent or treat fungal infections in humans or animals. phenio.json CHEBI:86328 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antifungal agrochemical Any substance used in acriculture, horticulture, forestry, etc. for its fungicidal properties. phenio.json CHEBI:86359 biolink:ChemicalSubstance L-gluconic acid A gluconic acid having L-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:86411 biolink:ChemicalSubstance cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine Either of the two diastereoisomers of 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine in which the imidazol-1-ylmethyl group and the aryloxymethyl group are in a cis relationship to each other - i.e. they are both on the same side of the plane of the dioxolane ring. The antifungal drug ketoconazole is a racemic mixture of the two cis diastereoisomers. phenio.json CHEBI:86420 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imidazole antifungal agent A compound that has significant antifungal properties whose structure contains an imidazole moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:86426 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triazole antifungal agent A member of the class of triazole that has significant antifungal properties. phenio.json CHEBI:86478 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antibiotic antifungal agent Heteroorganic entities that are microbial metabolites (or compounds derived from them) which have significant antifungal properties. phenio.json CHEBI:86482 biolink:ChemicalSubstance strobilurin antifungal agent Any antibiotic antifungal agents whose structure is based on the antifungal agents originally isolated from the fungus Strobilurus tenacellus. phenio.json CHEBI:86484 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methoxyacrylate strobilurin antifungal agent Any strobilurin antifungal agent that contains a methoxyacrylate group. phenio.json CHEBI:86493 biolink:ChemicalSubstance C9-acylcarnitine Any O-acylcarnitine in which the acyl group contains a total of 9 carbon atoms. phenio.json CHEBI:86499 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monohydroxyproline A hydroxy-amino acid in which the amino acid specified is proline. A "closed" class. phenio.json CHEBI:86508 biolink:ChemicalSubstance alpha-aminobutyrate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of alpha-aminobutyric acid. phenio.json CHEBI:8653 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyocyanine An iminium betaine that is 5-methylphenazin-5-ium which is substituted at position 1 by an oxidanidyl group. An antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. phenio.json CHEBI:8674 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimethanil A member of the class of aminopyrimidines that is N-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine carrying two additional methyl substituents at positions 4 and 6. A fungicide used to control grey mould on fruit, vegetables and ornamentals as well as leaf scab on pome fruit. Also commonly employed to control Botrytis cinerea throughout the winemaking process in grapes, must, fermenting must and wine. phenio.json CHEBI:86990 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:86991 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-fluoxetine An N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine that has R configuration. [The antidepressant drug fluoxetine is a racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine]. phenio.json CHEBI:86992 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-fluoxetine An N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine that has S configuration. [The antidepressant drug fluoxetine is a racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine]. phenio.json CHEBI:86993 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-fluoxetine(1+) An organic cation resulting from the protonation of the amino group of (R)-fluoxetine. phenio.json CHEBI:86995 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-fluoxetine(1+) An organic cation resulting from the protonation of the amino group of (S)-fluoxetine. phenio.json CHEBI:87012 biolink:ChemicalSubstance amide antifungal agent A compound that has significant antifungal properties whose structure contains an amide moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:87015 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anilide fungicide Any amide fungicide whose structure contains an anilide group. phenio.json CHEBI:87034 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic fungicide An organic aromatic compound that has been used as a fungicide. phenio.json CHEBI:87036 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzimidazole fungicide Compounds that contain a benzimidazole moiety as a key feature of their structure and which have been used as fungicides. phenio.json CHEBI:87037 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzimidazole precursor fungicide Compounds based on 1,2-phenylenediamine in which one or both of the primary amino groups have been derivatised so as to permit subsequent benzimidazole formation, and which have been used as fungicides. phenio.json CHEBI:87061 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbamate fungicide Compounds that contain a carbamate ester moiety as a key feature of their structure and which have been used as fungicides. phenio.json CHEBI:87064 biolink:ChemicalSubstance benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide Any carbamate fungicide that contains a benzimidazolyl group attached to the nitrogen of the carbamate moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:87066 biolink:ChemicalSubstance carbanilate fungicide Any carbamate fungicide that has a phenyl or substituted-phenyl group attached to the nitrogen of the carbamate group. phenio.json CHEBI:87067 biolink:ChemicalSubstance conazole fungicide Any conazole antifungal agent that has been used as a fungicide. phenio.json CHEBI:87068 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imidazole fungicide Any imidazole antifungal agent that has been used as a fungicide. phenio.json CHEBI:87069 biolink:ChemicalSubstance imidazole antifungal drug Any imidazole antifungal agent that has been used for the treatment of fungal infections in humans or animals. phenio.json CHEBI:8707 biolink:ChemicalSubstance quetiapine phenio.json CHEBI:87071 biolink:ChemicalSubstance conazole antifungal drug Any conazole antifungal agent that has been used for the treatment of fungal infections in animals or humans. phenio.json CHEBI:87100 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triazole fungicide Any triazole antifungal agent that has been used as a fungicide. phenio.json CHEBI:87101 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triazole antifungal drug Any triazole antifungal agent that has been used for the treatment of fungal infections in humans or animals. phenio.json CHEBI:87113 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antibiotic antifungal drug Any antibiotic antifungal agent used to treat fungal infections in humans or animals. phenio.json CHEBI:87114 biolink:ChemicalSubstance antibiotic fungicide Any antibiotic antifungal agent that has been used as a fungicide. phenio.json CHEBI:87127 biolink:ChemicalSubstance allylamine antifungal drug An organonitrogen compound that contains an amino group that is attached to a carbon which is itself attached to an olefinic carbon and which has been used as an antifungal drug. phenio.json CHEBI:87132 biolink:ChemicalSubstance morpholine antifungal agent A member of the class of morpholines that has significant antifungal properties. phenio.json CHEBI:87134 biolink:ChemicalSubstance morpholine fungicide Any morpholine antifungal agent used as a fungicide. phenio.json CHEBI:87185 biolink:ChemicalSubstance florfenicol A carboxamide that is the N-dichloroacetyl derivative of (1R,2S)-2-amino-3-fluoro-1-[4-(methanesulfonyl)phenyl]propan-1-ol. A synthetic veterinary antibiotic that is used for treatment of bovine respiratory disease and foot rot; also used in aquaculture. phenio.json CHEBI:87195 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboximide fungicide Any dicarboximide antifungal agent used as a fungicide. phenio.json CHEBI:87197 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dichlorophenyl dicarboximide fungicide A dicarboximide fungicide in which the nitrogen of the dicarboximide group is substituted by a dichlorophenyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:87198 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phthalimide fungicide A dicarboximide fungicide whose structure contains a phthalimide derivative. phenio.json CHEBI:87200 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dicarboximide antifungal agent A compound that has significant antifungal properties whose structure contains a dicarboximide moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:87204 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine antifungal agent A member of the class of pyrimidines that has significant antifungal properties. phenio.json CHEBI:87205 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine antifungal drug Any pyrimidine antifungal agent that has been used for the treatment of fungal infections in humans or animals. phenio.json CHEBI:87207 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pyrimidine fungicide Any pyrimidine antifungal agent that has been used as a fungicide. phenio.json CHEBI:87208 biolink:ChemicalSubstance anilinopyrimidine fungicide Any pyrimidine fungicide in which the pyrimidine ring is substituted by the nitrogen of an aniline moiety. phenio.json CHEBI:87209 biolink:ChemicalSubstance virginiamycin A mixture of cyclic polypeptide streptogramin antibiotics produced by Streptomyces virginiae, S. loidensis, S. mitakaensis, S. pristina-spiralis, S. ostreogriseus, and others. The two major components are virginiamycin M1 (also known as pristinamycin IIA) and virginiamycin S1. Virginiamycin has been widely used as a growth promotion agent in livestock and has been to have bacteriostatic activity against Gram-positive organisms such as staphylococci and streptococci. phenio.json CHEBI:87211 biolink:ChemicalSubstance fluoroquinolone antibiotic An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic containing a quinolone (or quinolone-like) moiety and which have a fluorine atom attached to the central ring system. phenio.json CHEBI:87228 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulfonamide antibiotic A class of sulfonamides whose members generally have bacteriostatic antibiotic properties. phenio.json CHEBI:87230 biolink:ChemicalSubstance nitrofuran antibiotic A member of the class of furans in which the furan ring is substituted by a nitro group and which also has significant antibiotic properties. phenio.json CHEBI:8733 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Quinupristin-dalfopristin phenio.json CHEBI:87518 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ADP(2-) An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of two of the three diphosphate OH groups of adenosine 5'-diphosphate. phenio.json CHEBI:87631 biolink:ChemicalSubstance statin Any organooxygen compound whose structure is related to compactin (mevastatin) and which may be used as an anticholesteremic drug due its EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitory properties. phenio.json CHEBI:87632 biolink:ChemicalSubstance statin (naturally occurring) Any statin that occurs in nature. The class includes compactin (also known as mevastatin), isolated from a fermentation broth of Penicillium citrinum, and lovastatin, isolated from Aspergillus terreus. phenio.json CHEBI:87633 biolink:ChemicalSubstance statin (semi-synthetic) A statin that is derived from a naturally occurring statin by partial chemical synthesis. phenio.json CHEBI:87835 biolink:ChemicalSubstance framycetin(6+) An organic cation obtained by protonation of the six amino groups of framycetin; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:88061 biolink:ChemicalSubstance polyamine Any organic amino compound that contains two or more amino groups. phenio.json CHEBI:88071 biolink:ChemicalSubstance monosialodiglycosylceramide(1-) An anionic ganglioside in which the oligosaccharide portion is composed of a disaccharide, to which one sialic acid residue is attached. phenio.json CHEBI:88167 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide A glycotetraosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base. phenio.json CHEBI:88184 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metal allergen Any metal which causes the onset of an allergic reaction. phenio.json CHEBI:88187 biolink:ChemicalSubstance penicillin allergen Any penicillin which causes the onset of an allergic reaction. phenio.json CHEBI:88188 biolink:ChemicalSubstance drug allergen Any drug which causes the onset of an allergic reaction. phenio.json CHEBI:88190 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-oxido-5-methylquinone An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the hydroxy group of 2-hydroxy-5-methylquinone. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.). phenio.json CHEBI:88225 biolink:ChemicalSubstance beta-lactam antibiotic allergen Any beta-lactam antibiotic which causes the onset of an allergic reaction. phenio.json CHEBI:88227 biolink:ChemicalSubstance potassium ionophore Any ionophore capable of transportation of potassium ions across membranes. phenio.json CHEBI:88230 biolink:ChemicalSubstance autophagy inhibitor Any compound that inhibits the process of autophagy (the self-digestion of one or more components of a cell through the action of enzymes originating within the same cell). phenio.json CHEBI:8871 biolink:ChemicalSubstance risperidone A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2. phenio.json CHEBI:89634 biolink:ChemicalSubstance Melanin phenio.json CHEBI:8984 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sodium dodecyl sulfate An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate. phenio.json CHEBI:89843 biolink:ChemicalSubstance methylsuccinic acid A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methylsuccinic acid phenio.json CHEBI:90318 biolink:ChemicalSubstance EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor An EC 6.4.1.* (carboxylase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of pyruvate carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.1). phenio.json CHEBI:90582 biolink:ChemicalSubstance hexadecatrienoate A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any hexadecatrienoic acid; major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:90688 biolink:ChemicalSubstance metformin(1+) A guanidinium ion obtained by monoprotonation of metformin. phenio.json CHEBI:90710 biolink:ChemicalSubstance receptor modulator A drug that acts as an antagonist, agonist, reverse agonist, or in some other fashion when interacting with cellular receptors. phenio.json CHEBI:90799 biolink:ChemicalSubstance dipeptide zwitterion Any peptide zwitterion comprising two amino acid residues. Major structure at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:90852 biolink:ChemicalSubstance N-sulfonylcarboxamide A mixed diacylamine resulting from the formal condensation of the nitrogen of a carboxamide with a sulphonic acid. phenio.json CHEBI:91007 biolink:ChemicalSubstance aromatic carboxylate A carboxylic acic anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any aromatic carboxylic acid. Major species at pH 7.3. phenio.json CHEBI:91054 biolink:ChemicalSubstance phosphatidylethanolamine 40:7 zwitterion A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 40 carbons in total with 7 double bonds. phenio.json CHEBI:91079 biolink:ChemicalSubstance purinergic receptor P2 antagonist An antagonist at purinergic P2 receptors phenio.json CHEBI:91315 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 2-methylbutanedioic acid A dicarboxylic acid that is butanedioic acid substituted at position 2 by a methyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:91316 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (S)-methylsuccinic acid A 2-methylbutanedioic acid in which the methyl group at position 2 has S-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:91317 biolink:ChemicalSubstance (R)-methylsuccinic acid A 2-methylbutanedioic acid in which the methyl group at position 2 has R-configuration. phenio.json CHEBI:9150 biolink:ChemicalSubstance simvastatin A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug. phenio.json CHEBI:9168 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sirolimus A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent. phenio.json CHEBI:9212 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sparfloxacin phenio.json CHEBI:9215 biolink:ChemicalSubstance spectinomycin A pyranobenzodioxin and antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis. phenio.json CHEBI:9242 biolink:ChemicalSubstance spiroxamine The spiroketal resulting from the formal condensation of 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone with 3-[ethyl(propyl)amino]propane-1,2-diol. An inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis, it is a broad spectrum agricultural fungicide used particularly against powdery mildew in the production of cereals, bananas and grapes. phenio.json CHEBI:9321 biolink:ChemicalSubstance sulbactam phenio.json CHEBI:9398 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tamsulosin A 5-(2-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide that has (R)-configuration. A specific alpha1 adrenoceptor antagonist used (generally as its hydrochloride salt, tamsulosin hydrochloride) in the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia, chronic prostatitis, urinary retention, and help with the passage of kidney stones. phenio.json CHEBI:9448 biolink:ChemicalSubstance terbinafine A tertiary amine that is N-methyl-1-naphthalenemethylamine in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a 3-(tertbutylethynyl)allyl group. An antifungal agent administered orally (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of skin and nail infections. phenio.json CHEBI:94759 biolink:ChemicalSubstance 6-chloro-5-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-2-(methylthio)-1H-benzimidazole phenio.json CHEBI:9587 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ticarcillin A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-thiophen-3-ylacetyl]amino side-group. phenio.json CHEBI:9588 biolink:ChemicalSubstance ticlopidine A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group. phenio.json CHEBI:9665 biolink:ChemicalSubstance triadimefon A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-triadimefon. A fungicide used to control powdery mildew, rusts and other infections in crops. phenio.json CHEBI:9700 biolink:ChemicalSubstance tridemorph A mixture of 4-alkyl-2,6-dimethylmorpholines, where 'alkyl' is a mixture of C11 to C14 homologues of which 60-70% is tridecyl. A systemic fungicide, it is no longer approved for use within the European Union. phenio.json CHEBI:9727 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trimethadione An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent. phenio.json CHEBI:9763 biolink:ChemicalSubstance trovafloxacin A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure. phenio.json CHEBI:9937 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vasopressin A family of cyclic nonapeptide hormones found in most mammals. Synthesised in the hypothalamus and stored in the post-pituitary, vasopressins play a key role in homeostasis, particularly in regulating the body's water content. Together with the similar neuropeptide oxytocin, they are believed to influence social cognition and behaviour. phenio.json CHEBI:9948 biolink:ChemicalSubstance verapamil A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine. phenio.json CHEBI:9986 biolink:ChemicalSubstance vinclozolin A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-vinclozolin. A fungicide used mainly on oilseed rape, vines, fruit and vegetables to control Botrytis, Sclerotinia and Monilia spp. phenio.json CHEBI:9997 biolink:ChemicalSubstance pristinamycin IIA A macrolide that is (together with pristinamycin IA) a component of pristinamycin, an oral streptogramin antibiotic produced by Streptomyces pristinaespiralis. Pristinamycin exhibits bactericidal activity against Gram positive organisms including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. phenio.json CHEBI:has_functional_parent biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenio.json CHEBI:has_parent_hydride biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenio.json CHEBI:is_conjugate_acid_of biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenio.json CHEBI:is_conjugate_base_of biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenio.json CHEBI:is_enantiomer_of biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenio.json CHEBI:is_substituent_group_from biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenio.json CHEBI:is_tautomer_of biolink:ChemicalSubstance phenio.json CHR:9606-chr1 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr10 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr10p biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr10p11.21-p12.31 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr10q biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr10q22.3-q23.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr10q23 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr10q24 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr11 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr11p biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr11p13 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr11p15 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr11p15-p14 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr11p15.4 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr11q biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr11q22.2-q22.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr11q24.1 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr12 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr12p biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr12p12.1 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr12q biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr12q14 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr12q15-q21.1 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr13 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr13p biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr13q biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr13q12.3 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CHR:9606-chr2q24 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr2q31.1 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr2q31.2 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr2q32-q33 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr2q33.1 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr2q35 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr2q37 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr3p biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr3p25.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr3q biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr3q13.31 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr3q23 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr3q26 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr3q27.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr3q29 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr4 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr4p biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr4p16.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr4q 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phenio.json CHR:9606-chr7 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr7p biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr7p11.2-p13 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr7p22.1 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr7q biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr7q11.23 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr7q31 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr7q36 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr8 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr8p biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr8p11.2 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr8p23.1 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr8q biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr8q12 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr8q12.1-q21.2 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr8q21.11 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr8q22.1 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr8q24.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr9 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr9p biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr9p13 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr9q biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr9q21 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr9q21.13 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr9q22.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr9q31.1-q31.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr9q33.3-q34.11 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chr9q34 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrX biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXp biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXp11.23-p11.22 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXp11.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXp21 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXp22.13-p22.2 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXp22.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXq biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXq12-q13.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXq22.3 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXq25 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXq26 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXq27.2 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXq27.3-q28 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrXq28 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CHR:9606-chrY biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CIO:0000028 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CLO:0000031 biolink:OntologyClass phenio.json CL:0000000 biolink:Cell cell A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. phenio.json CL:0000003 biolink:Cell native cell A cell that is found in a natural setting, which includes multicellular organism cells 'in vivo' (i.e. part of an organism), and unicellular organisms 'in environment' (i.e. part of a natural environment). phenio.json CL:0000005 biolink:Cell fibroblast neural crest derived Any fibroblast that is deriived from the neural crest. phenio.json CL:0000006 biolink:Cell neuronal receptor cell phenio.json CL:0000007 biolink:Cell early embryonic cell (metazoa) A cell found in the embryo before the formation of all the gem layers is complete. phenio.json CL:0000008 biolink:Cell migratory cranial neural crest cell Cell that is part of the migratory cranial neural crest population. Migratory cranial neural crest cells develop from premigratory cranial neural crest cells and have undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition and delamination. phenio.json CL:0000011 biolink:Cell migratory trunk neural crest cell Cell that is part of the migratory trunk neural crest population. Migratory trunk neural crest cells develop from premigratory trunk neural crest cells and have undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition and delamination. phenio.json CL:0000014 biolink:Cell germ line stem cell phenio.json CL:0000015 biolink:Cell male germ cell phenio.json CL:0000017 biolink:Cell spermatocyte phenio.json CL:0000018 biolink:Cell spermatid phenio.json CL:0000019 biolink:Cell sperm phenio.json CL:0000020 biolink:Cell spermatogonium phenio.json CL:0000021 biolink:Cell female germ cell Female germ cell is a germ cell that supports female gamete production. phenio.json CL:0000022 biolink:Cell female germ line stem cell phenio.json CL:0000023 biolink:Cell oocyte A female germ cell that has entered meiosis. phenio.json CL:0000024 biolink:Cell oogonial cell An undifferentiated germ cell that proliferates rapidly and gives rise to oocytes. phenio.json CL:0000025 biolink:Cell egg cell A female gamete where meiosis has progressed to metaphase II and is able to participate in fertilization. phenio.json CL:0000026 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000027 biolink:Cell smooth muscle cell neural crest derived A smooth muscle cell derived from the neural crest. phenio.json CL:0000029 biolink:Cell neural crest derived neuron phenio.json CL:0000030 biolink:Cell glioblast phenio.json CL:0000031 biolink:Cell neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) A cell that will develop into a neuron often after a migration phase. phenio.json CL:0000034 biolink:Cell stem cell A relatively undifferentiated cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. phenio.json CL:0000035 biolink:Cell single fate stem cell A stem cell that self-renews as well as give rise to a single mature cell type. phenio.json CL:0000036 biolink:Cell epithelial fate stem cell phenio.json CL:0000037 biolink:Cell hematopoietic stem cell A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system. Hematopoietic stem cells lack cell markers of effector cells (lin-negative). Lin-negative is defined by lacking one or more of the following cell surface markers: CD2, CD3 epsilon, CD4, CD5 ,CD8 alpha chain, CD11b, CD14, CD19, CD20, CD56, ly6G, ter119. phenio.json CL:0000038 biolink:Cell erythroid progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage. phenio.json CL:0000039 biolink:Cell germ line cell A cell that is within the developmental lineage of gametes and is able to pass along its genetic material to offspring. phenio.json CL:0000040 biolink:Cell monoblast A myeloid progenitor cell committed to the monocyte lineage. This cell is CD11b-positive, has basophilic cytoplasm, euchromatin, and the presence of a nucleolus. phenio.json CL:0000047 biolink:Cell neuronal stem cell Neural stem cell is characterized as an undifferentiated cell that originates from the neuroectoderm and has the capacity both to perpetually self-renew without differentiating and to generate multiple types of lineage-restricted progenitors. phenio.json CL:0000048 biolink:Cell multi fate stem cell A stem cell that can give rise to multiple lineages of cells. phenio.json CL:0000049 biolink:Cell common myeloid progenitor A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. phenio.json CL:0000050 biolink:Cell megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. phenio.json CL:0000051 biolink:Cell common lymphoid progenitor A oligopotent progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage. phenio.json CL:0000052 biolink:Cell totipotent stem cell A stem cell from which all cells of the body can form. phenio.json CL:0000055 biolink:Cell non-terminally differentiated cell A precursor cell with a limited number of potential fates. phenio.json CL:0000056 biolink:Cell myoblast A cell that is commited to differentiating into a muscle cell. Embryonic myoblasts develop from the mesoderm. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes. Myoblasts also occur as transient populations of cells in muscles undergoing repair. phenio.json CL:0000057 biolink:Cell fibroblast A connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. Flattened and irregular in outline with branching processes; appear fusiform or spindle-shaped. phenio.json CL:0000058 biolink:Cell chondroblast Skeletogenic cell that is typically non-terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG rich matrix; is not buried in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, located adjacent to cartilage tissue (including within the perichondrium), and develops from prechondroblast (and thus prechondrogenic) cell. phenio.json CL:0000059 biolink:Cell ameloblast phenio.json CL:0000060 biolink:Cell odontoblast phenio.json CL:0000061 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000062 biolink:Cell osteoblast phenio.json CL:0000064 biolink:Cell ciliated cell A cell that has a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. phenio.json CL:0000065 biolink:Cell ependymal cell phenio.json CL:0000066 biolink:Cell epithelial cell A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. The cell has a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell to cell contact and for cell polarity where apical part is directed towards the lumen and the basal part to the basal lamina. phenio.json CL:0000067 biolink:Cell ciliated epithelial cell An epithelial cell that has a cilia. phenio.json CL:0000068 biolink:Cell duct epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of a duct. phenio.json CL:0000069 biolink:Cell branched duct epithelial cell phenio.json CL:0000071 biolink:Cell blood vessel endothelial cell An endothelial cell that lines the vasculature. phenio.json CL:0000072 biolink:Cell non-branched duct epithelial cell phenio.json CL:0000075 biolink:Cell columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube. phenio.json CL:0000076 biolink:Cell squamous epithelial cell phenio.json CL:0000077 biolink:Cell mesothelial cell A flattened epithelial cell of mesenchymal origin that lines the serous cavity. phenio.json CL:0000079 biolink:Cell stratified epithelial cell phenio.json CL:0000080 biolink:Cell circulating cell A cell which moves among different tissues of the body, via blood, lymph, or other medium. phenio.json CL:0000081 biolink:Cell blood cell A cell found predominately in the blood. phenio.json CL:0000082 biolink:Cell epithelial cell of lung An epithelial cell of the lung. phenio.json CL:0000083 biolink:Cell epithelial cell of pancreas An epithelial cell of the pancreas. phenio.json CL:0000084 biolink:Cell T cell A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. phenio.json CL:0000086 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000087 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000091 biolink:Cell Kupffer cell phenio.json CL:0000092 biolink:Cell osteoclast A specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, which typically differentiates from monocytes. This cell has the following markers: tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5-positive, PU.1-positive, c-fos-positive, nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit-positive, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A-positive and macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor-positive. phenio.json CL:0000094 biolink:Cell granulocyte A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. phenio.json CL:0000095 biolink:Cell neuron associated cell phenio.json CL:0000097 biolink:Cell mast cell phenio.json CL:0000098 biolink:Cell sensory epithelial cell A specialized epithelial cell involved in sensory perception. Restricted to special sense organs of the olfactory, gustatory, and vestibulocochlear receptor systems; contain sensory cells surrounded by supportive, non-receptive cells. phenio.json CL:0000099 biolink:Cell interneuron Most generally any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions. phenio.json CL:0000100 biolink:Cell motor neuron An efferent neuron that passes from the central nervous system or a ganglion toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes or inhibits movement. phenio.json CL:0000101 biolink:Cell sensory neuron Any neuron having a sensory function; an afferent neuron conveying sensory impulses. phenio.json CL:0000103 biolink:Cell bipolar neuron A type of interneuron that has two neurites, usually an axon and a dendrite, extending from opposite poles of an ovoid cell body. phenio.json CL:0000104 biolink:Cell multipolar neuron A neuron with three or more neurites, usually an axon and multiple dendrites. phenio.json CL:0000107 biolink:Cell autonomic neuron A neuron whose cell body is within an autonomic ganglion. phenio.json CL:0000108 biolink:Cell cholinergic neuron A neuron that uses acetylcholine as a vesicular neurotransmitter. phenio.json CL:0000109 biolink:Cell adrenergic neuron phenio.json CL:0000110 biolink:Cell peptidergic neuron phenio.json CL:0000111 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000113 biolink:Cell mononuclear phagocyte phenio.json CL:0000114 biolink:Cell surface ectodermal cell phenio.json CL:0000115 biolink:Cell endothelial cell An endothelial cell comprises the outermost layer or lining of anatomical structures and can be squamous or cuboidal. In mammals, endothelial cell has vimentin filaments and is derived from the mesoderm. phenio.json CL:0000116 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000117 biolink:Cell CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) phenio.json CL:0000118 biolink:Cell basket cell phenio.json CL:0000119 biolink:Cell cerebellar Golgi cell phenio.json CL:0000120 biolink:Cell granule cell phenio.json CL:0000121 biolink:Cell Purkinje cell phenio.json CL:0000122 biolink:Cell stellate neuron A neuron that has dendritic processes radiating from the cell body forming a star-like shape. phenio.json CL:0000123 biolink:Cell neuron associated cell (sensu Vertebrata) phenio.json CL:0000125 biolink:Cell glial cell A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. phenio.json CL:0000126 biolink:Cell macroglial cell A neuroglial cell of ectodermal origin, i.e., the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes considered together. phenio.json CL:0000127 biolink:Cell astrocyte phenio.json CL:0000128 biolink:Cell oligodendrocyte A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system. phenio.json CL:0000129 biolink:Cell microglial cell phenio.json CL:0000133 biolink:Cell neurectodermal cell Ectoderm destined to be nervous tissue. phenio.json CL:0000134 biolink:Cell mesenchymal stem cell A connective tissue cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses. In humans, this cell type is CD73-positive, CD90-positive, CD105-positive, CD45-negative, CD34-negative, and MHCII-negative. They may further differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, myocytes, neurons, or chondroblasts in vitro. Originally described as residing in the bone marrow, this cell type is now known to reside in many, if not all, adult organs. phenio.json CL:0000135 biolink:Cell fibrocyte phenio.json CL:0000136 biolink:Cell fat cell A fat-storing cell found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals. Fat is usually stored in the form of triglycerides. phenio.json CL:0000137 biolink:Cell osteocyte phenio.json CL:0000138 biolink:Cell chondrocyte Skeletogenic cell that is terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG-rich matrix, is embedded in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, and develops from a chondroblast cell. phenio.json CL:0000141 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000145 biolink:Cell professional antigen presenting cell A cell capable of processing and presenting lipid and protein antigens to T cells in order to initiate an immune response. phenio.json CL:0000146 biolink:Cell simple columnar epithelial cell phenio.json CL:0000147 biolink:Cell pigment cell A pigment cell is a cell that contains pigment granules. phenio.json CL:0000148 biolink:Cell melanocyte A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which gives a brown to black appearance. phenio.json CL:0000149 biolink:Cell visual pigment cell phenio.json CL:0000150 biolink:Cell glandular epithelial cell A specialized epithelial cell that is capable of synthesizing and secreting certain biomolecules. phenio.json CL:0000151 biolink:Cell secretory cell A cell that specializes in controlled release of one or more substances. phenio.json CL:0000152 biolink:Cell exocrine cell A cell of an exocrine gland; i.e. a gland that discharges its secretion via a duct. phenio.json CL:0000153 biolink:Cell glycosaminoglycan secreting cell A cell that secretes glycosaminoglycans. phenio.json CL:0000154 biolink:Cell protein secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000155 biolink:Cell peptic cell phenio.json CL:0000157 biolink:Cell surfactant secreting cell A cell that specializes in secretion of surfactant in the alveoli of the lung. phenio.json CL:0000158 biolink:Cell club cell Epithelial progenitor cell of the lung. Club cells are dome-shaped with short microvilli but no cilia. They function to protect the bronchiolar epithelium. Club cells also multiply and differentiate into ciliated cells to regenerate the bronchiolar epithelium. phenio.json CL:0000159 biolink:Cell seromucus secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000160 biolink:Cell goblet cell phenio.json CL:0000161 biolink:Cell acid secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000162 biolink:Cell parietal cell phenio.json CL:0000163 biolink:Cell endocrine cell A cell of an endocrine gland, ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions. phenio.json CL:0000164 biolink:Cell enteroendocrine cell An endocrine cell that is located in the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract or in the pancreas. phenio.json CL:0000165 biolink:Cell neuroendocrine cell An endocrine cell that has the specialized function to produce and secrete hormones in response to neuronal signals. phenio.json CL:0000166 biolink:Cell chromaffin cell phenio.json CL:0000167 biolink:Cell peptide hormone secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000168 biolink:Cell insulin secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000169 biolink:Cell type B pancreatic cell A cell that secretes insulin and is located towards the center of the islets of Langerhans. phenio.json CL:0000170 biolink:Cell glucagon secreting cell A cell that secretes glucagon. phenio.json CL:0000171 biolink:Cell pancreatic A cell A type of enteocrine cell found in the periphery of the islets of Langerhans that secretes glucagon. phenio.json CL:0000172 biolink:Cell somatostatin secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000173 biolink:Cell pancreatic D cell A D cell located in the pancreas. Peripherally placed within the islets like type A cells; contains somatostatin. phenio.json CL:0000174 biolink:Cell steroid hormone secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000175 biolink:Cell luteal cell phenio.json CL:0000177 biolink:Cell testosterone secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000178 biolink:Cell Leydig cell phenio.json CL:0000179 biolink:Cell progesterone secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000180 biolink:Cell estradiol secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000182 biolink:Cell hepatocyte The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. Majority of cell population of liver, polygonal in shape, arranged in plates or trabeculae between sinusoids; may have single nucleus or binucleated. phenio.json CL:0000183 biolink:Cell contractile cell A cell whose primary function is to shorten. phenio.json CL:0000185 biolink:Cell myoepithelial cell phenio.json CL:0000186 biolink:Cell myofibroblast cell phenio.json CL:0000187 biolink:Cell muscle cell A mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte. This cell has as part of its cytoplasm myofibrils organized in various patterns. phenio.json CL:0000188 biolink:Cell cell of skeletal muscle A somatic cell located in skeletal muscle. phenio.json CL:0000189 biolink:Cell slow muscle cell phenio.json CL:0000190 biolink:Cell fast muscle cell phenio.json CL:0000192 biolink:Cell smooth muscle cell A non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They develop from specialized myoblasts (smooth muscle myoblast). phenio.json CL:0000197 biolink:Cell sensory receptor cell A cell that is capable of detection of a stimulus involved in sensory perception. phenio.json CL:0000198 biolink:Cell pain receptor cell phenio.json CL:0000199 biolink:Cell mechanoreceptor cell phenio.json CL:0000200 biolink:Cell touch receptor cell phenio.json CL:0000202 biolink:Cell auditory hair cell phenio.json CL:0000205 biolink:Cell thermoreceptor cell phenio.json CL:0000206 biolink:Cell chemoreceptor cell A cell specialized to detect chemical substances and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. Chemoreceptors may monitor external stimuli, as in taste and olfaction, or internal stimuli, such as the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. phenio.json CL:0000207 biolink:Cell olfactory receptor cell phenio.json CL:0000209 biolink:Cell taste receptor cell A cell type found in the spherical or ovoid clusters of receptor cells found mainly in the epithelium of the tongue and constituting the end organs of the sense of taste. phenio.json CL:0000210 biolink:Cell photoreceptor cell A cell specialized to detect and transduce light. phenio.json CL:0000211 biolink:Cell electrically active cell A cell whose function is determined by the generation or the reception of an electric signal. phenio.json CL:0000212 biolink:Cell absorptive cell phenio.json CL:0000213 biolink:Cell lining cell A cell within an epithelial cell sheet whose main function is to act as an internal or external covering for a tissue or an organism. phenio.json CL:0000214 biolink:Cell synovial cell A cell located in the synovial joint. phenio.json CL:0000215 biolink:Cell barrier cell A cell whose primary function is to prevent the transport of stuff across compartments. phenio.json CL:0000216 biolink:Cell Sertoli cell phenio.json CL:0000217 biolink:Cell insulating cell phenio.json CL:0000218 biolink:Cell myelinating Schwann cell A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system which forms the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons. phenio.json CL:0000219 biolink:Cell motile cell A cell that moves by its own activities. phenio.json CL:0000221 biolink:Cell ectodermal cell A cell of the outer of the three germ layers of the embryo. phenio.json CL:0000222 biolink:Cell mesodermal cell A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo. phenio.json CL:0000223 biolink:Cell endodermal cell A cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo. phenio.json CL:0000225 biolink:Cell anucleate cell A cell that lacks a nucleus. phenio.json CL:0000226 biolink:Cell single nucleate cell A cell with a single nucleus. phenio.json CL:0000227 biolink:Cell binucleate cell phenio.json CL:0000228 biolink:Cell multinucleate cell A cell with more than one nucleus. phenio.json CL:0000232 biolink:Cell erythrocyte A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen. phenio.json CL:0000233 biolink:Cell platelet phenio.json CL:0000234 biolink:Cell phagocyte Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis. phenio.json CL:0000235 biolink:Cell macrophage A mononuclear phagocyte present in variety of tissues, typically differentiated from monocytes, capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. phenio.json CL:0000236 biolink:Cell B cell phenio.json CL:0000237 biolink:Cell keratinizing barrier epithelial cell phenio.json CL:0000239 biolink:Cell brush border epithelial cell phenio.json CL:0000240 biolink:Cell stratified squamous epithelial cell phenio.json CL:0000242 biolink:Cell Merkel cell A modified epidermal cell located in the stratum basale. They are found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute. Merkel cells are closely associated with an expanded terminal bulb of an afferent myelinated nerve fiber. phenio.json CL:0000243 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000244 biolink:Cell transitional epithelial cell phenio.json CL:0000247 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000255 biolink:Cell eukaryotic cell phenio.json CL:0000257 biolink:Cell Eumycetozoan cell phenio.json CL:0000287 biolink:Cell eye photoreceptor cell phenio.json CL:0000293 biolink:Cell structural cell A cell whose primary function is to provide structural support, to provide strength and physical integrity to the organism. phenio.json CL:0000295 biolink:Cell somatotropin secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000300 biolink:Cell gamete A mature sexual reproductive cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. phenio.json CL:0000301 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000306 biolink:Cell crystallin accumulating cell phenio.json CL:0000307 biolink:Cell tracheal epithelial cell An epithelial cell found in the trachea. phenio.json CL:0000311 biolink:Cell keratin accumulating cell phenio.json CL:0000312 biolink:Cell keratinocyte An epidermal cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it moves upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. Successive stages of differentiation of the keratinocytes forming the epidermal layers are basal cell, spinous or prickle cell, and the granular cell. phenio.json CL:0000313 biolink:Cell serous secreting cell Columnar glandular cell with irregular nucleus, copious granular endoplasmic reticulum and supranuclear granules. Secretes a watery fluid containing proteins known as serous fluid. phenio.json CL:0000314 biolink:Cell milk secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000317 biolink:Cell sebum secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000319 biolink:Cell mucus secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000322 biolink:Cell pneumocyte phenio.json CL:0000323 biolink:Cell lysozyme secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000325 biolink:Cell stuff accumulating cell A cell that is specialised to accumulate a particular substance(s). phenio.json CL:0000326 biolink:Cell glycogen accumulating cell phenio.json CL:0000327 biolink:Cell extracellular matrix secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000329 biolink:Cell oxygen accumulating cell phenio.json CL:0000333 biolink:Cell migratory neural crest cell A cell derived from the specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonic neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms masses of cells that migrate out from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube to spread throughout the body. phenio.json CL:0000335 biolink:Cell mesenchyme condensation cell A mesenchymal cell in embryonic development found in a contracting mass and that gives rise to osteoprogenitors. phenio.json CL:0000336 biolink:Cell adrenal medulla chromaffin cell phenio.json CL:0000337 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000338 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000339 biolink:Cell glioblast (sensu Vertebrata) An early neural cell developing from the early ependymal cell of the neural tube. phenio.json CL:0000340 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000346 biolink:Cell hair follicle dermal papilla cell phenio.json CL:0000347 biolink:Cell scleral cell A cell of the sclera of the eye. phenio.json CL:0000348 biolink:Cell choroidal cell of the eye A cell of the choroid of the eye. phenio.json CL:0000349 biolink:Cell extraembryonic cell phenio.json CL:0000351 biolink:Cell trophoblast cell A cell lining the outside of the blastocyst. After binding to the endometrium, trophoblast cells develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblast cells and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblast cells, which form the early fetal-maternal interface. phenio.json CL:0000352 biolink:Cell epiblast cell A cell of the outer layer of a blastula that gives rise to the ectoderm after gastrulation. phenio.json CL:0000353 biolink:Cell blastoderm cell An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote). phenio.json CL:0000354 biolink:Cell blastemal cell phenio.json CL:0000355 biolink:Cell multi-potent skeletal muscle stem cell A multifate stem cell found in skeletal muscle than can differentiate into many different cell types, including muscle. Distinct cell type from satellite cell. phenio.json CL:0000357 biolink:Cell stratified epithelial stem cell phenio.json CL:0000358 biolink:Cell sphincter associated smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of a sphincter. A sphincter is a typically circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning. phenio.json CL:0000359 biolink:Cell vascular associated smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell associated with the vasculature. phenio.json CL:0000362 biolink:Cell epidermal cell An epithelial cell of the integument (the outer layer of an organism). phenio.json CL:0000365 biolink:Cell animal zygote Diploid cell produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and egg cell. phenio.json CL:0000372 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000373 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000374 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000377 biolink:Cell tracheoblast phenio.json CL:0000381 biolink:Cell neurosecretory neuron phenio.json CL:0000382 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000385 biolink:Cell prohemocyte (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) phenio.json CL:0000386 biolink:Cell attachment cell phenio.json CL:0000387 biolink:Cell hemocyte (sensu Arthropoda) phenio.json CL:0000388 biolink:Cell tendon cell phenio.json CL:0000390 biolink:Cell blood cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) phenio.json CL:0000393 biolink:Cell electrically responsive cell A cell whose function is determined by its response to an electric signal. phenio.json CL:0000394 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000395 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000396 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000397 biolink:Cell ganglion interneuron phenio.json CL:0000398 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000402 biolink:Cell CNS interneuron phenio.json CL:0000404 biolink:Cell electrically signaling cell A cell that initiates an electrical signal and passes that signal to another cell. phenio.json CL:0000405 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000407 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000408 biolink:Cell male gamete phenio.json CL:0000411 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000412 biolink:Cell polyploid cell A cell whose nucleus, or nuclei, each contain more than two haploid genomes. phenio.json CL:0000413 biolink:Cell haploid cell A cell whose nucleus contains a single haploid genome. phenio.json CL:0000417 biolink:Cell endopolyploid cell phenio.json CL:0000418 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000421 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000424 biolink:Cell excretory cell phenio.json CL:0000432 biolink:Cell reticular cell phenio.json CL:0000437 biolink:Cell gonadtroph phenio.json CL:0000438 biolink:Cell luteinizing hormone secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000439 biolink:Cell prolactin secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000440 biolink:Cell melanocyte stimulating hormone secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000441 biolink:Cell follicle stem cell phenio.json CL:0000442 biolink:Cell follicular dendritic cell phenio.json CL:0000443 biolink:Cell calcitonin secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000446 biolink:Cell chief cell of parathyroid gland phenio.json CL:0000447 biolink:Cell carbohydrate secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000448 biolink:Cell white fat cell phenio.json CL:0000449 biolink:Cell brown fat cell phenio.json CL:0000451 biolink:Cell dendritic cell A cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. These cells are lineage negative (CD3-negative, CD19-negative, CD34-negative, and CD56-negative). phenio.json CL:0000452 biolink:Cell thyroid hormone secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000453 biolink:Cell Langerhans cell phenio.json CL:0000454 biolink:Cell epinephrine secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000456 biolink:Cell mineralocorticoid secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000457 biolink:Cell biogenic amine secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000458 biolink:Cell serotonin secreting cell A cell type that secretes 5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). phenio.json CL:0000459 biolink:Cell noradrenergic cell A cell capable of producting norepiniphrine. Norepiniphrine is a catecholamine with multiple roles including as a hormone and a neurotransmitter. In addition, epiniphrine is synthesized from norepiniphrine by the actions of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase enzyme. phenio.json CL:0000460 biolink:Cell glucocorticoid secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000462 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000464 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000465 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000467 biolink:Cell adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000468 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000469 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000473 biolink:Cell defensive cell A cell whose primary function is to protect the organism. phenio.json CL:0000474 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000476 biolink:Cell thyrotroph phenio.json CL:0000477 biolink:Cell follicle cell of egg chamber A somatic epithelial cell of the insect egg chamber. phenio.json CL:0000484 biolink:Cell connective tissue type mast cell phenio.json CL:0000486 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000487 biolink:Cell phenio.json CL:0000488 biolink:Cell visible light photoreceptor cell A photoreceptor cell that detects visible light. phenio.json CL:0000492 biolink:Cell CD4-positive helper T cell phenio.json CL:0000498 biolink:Cell inhibitory interneuron phenio.json CL:0000499 biolink:Cell stromal cell A connective tissue cell of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere. phenio.json CL:0000500 biolink:Cell follicular epithelial cell An epithelial somatic cell associated with a maturing oocyte. phenio.json CL:0000501 biolink:Cell granulosa cell phenio.json CL:0000502 biolink:Cell type D enteroendocrine cell A cell found throughout the gastrointestinal tract and in the pancreas. They secrete somatostatin in both an endocrine and paracrine manner. Somatostatin inhibits gastrin, cholecystokinin, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic enzymes, and gastric hydrochloric acid. A variety of substances which inhibit gastric acid secretion (vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide, cholecystokinin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and gastric inhibitory peptide) are thought to act by releasing somatostatin. phenio.json CL:0000503 biolink:Cell theca cell phenio.json CL:0000506 biolink:Cell enkephalin secreting cell An endorphine cell that secretes enkephalin. phenio.json CL:0000507 biolink:Cell endorphin secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes endorphin. phenio.json CL:0000508 biolink:Cell type G enteroendocrine cell An endocrine cell found in the pyloric gland mucosa (antral mucosa) of the stomach of mammals and responsible for the secretion of gastrin and enkephalin. Most abundant in pyloric antrum, pyramidal in form with a narrow apex bearing long microvilli. phenio.json CL:0000509 biolink:Cell gastrin secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes gastrin. phenio.json CL:0000510 biolink:Cell paneth cell phenio.json CL:0000511 biolink:Cell androgen binding protein secreting cell phenio.json CL:0000513 biolink:Cell cardiac muscle myoblast A precursor cell destined to differentiate into cardiac muscle cell. phenio.json CL:0000514 biolink:Cell smooth muscle myoblast A precursor cell destined to differentiate into smooth muscle myocytes. phenio.json CL:0000515 biolink:Cell skeletal muscle myoblast A myoblast that differentiates into skeletal muscle fibers. phenio.json CL:0000517 biolink:Cell macrophage derived foam cell phenio.json CL:0000518 biolink:Cell phagocyte (sensu Vertebrata) phenio.json CL:0000519 biolink:Cell phagocyte (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) phenio.json CL:0000521 biolink:Cell fungal cell phenio.json CL:0000525 biolink:Cell syncytiotrophoblast cell A cell from the outer syncytial layer of the trophoblast of an early mammalian embryo, directly associated with the maternal blood supply. It secretes hCG in order to maintain progesterone secretion and sustain a pregnancy. phenio.json CL:0000526 biolink:Cell afferent neuron A neuron which conveys sensory information centrally from the periphery. phenio.json CL:0000